Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe five patients with Wolfram syndrome (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy and deafness). Three of the patients appear to have had very gradual onset of diabetes mellitus at an early age yet all patients when tested for C-peptide response to glucagon were severely deficient. All patients are registered blind from primary optic atrophy, two have severe hearing difficulties and three high tone sensorineural hearing loss on audiometry. Four patients have cranial diabetes insipidus which in two cases is partial and of gradual onset and was attributed to poor control of the diabetes mellitus. In one case treatment of the insipidus relieved enuresis. All five patients have evidence of dilatation of the urinary tract and one patient is managed in the long-term by self-catheterisation which has resulted in one episode of bacteraemia. One patient has marked testicular atrophy and investigation reveals this to be due to primary hypogonadism and not to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. One female patient had her menarche delayed until the age of 19 years but has subsequently had the only successful pregnancy in a patient with this syndrome of which we are aware.
 ...
PMID:Wolfram (DIDMOAD) syndrome: a complex long-term problem in management. 308 28

Enuresis is the result of multifactorial processes. Enuretic patients often exhibit an abnormal diurnal rhythm of plasma vasopressin in addition to high nocturnal urine production. Renal function is considered to be a core factor in influencing the volume of fluid delivered to the bladder. Animal studies have suggested that the amount of fluid delivered to the bladder is dependent upon the state of hydration and/or the amount of protein present in the animal's diet. The state of hydration, or diuresis, may also influence the permeability of the terminal collecting ducts to water and urea and the hydro-osmotic response of the kidney to desmopressin. Multiple agents, including vasopressin, glucagon, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, beta-adrenergic agonist, insulin, angiotensin II, prostaglandins and calcium and magnesium ions influence sodium transport in the thick ascending limb, indicating that all of these factors may potentially play a role in enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Effects of water balance, diet and antidiuretic-hormone administration on the renal excretion of water. 1057 89