Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a study of intraluminal motor patterns of the colon and rectum, spontaneous wave activity of a continuous complex type was observed at the rectosigmoid junction in constipated subjects. To assess the frequency and characteristics of this hyperactive segment, 36 subjects with colonic motor disorders and 12 healthy controls were studied. Eighteen of 24 patients with constipation (75%) and 1 of 7 subjects with asymptomatic diverticulosis exhibited a persistent hyperactive segment at the rectosigmoid junction. Neither secretin nor cholecystokinin influenced the wave activity of the hyperactive segment. In contrast, atropine and glucagon inhibited markedly all wave activity and decreased the motility index of this segment significantly, suggesting overactivity of the muscarinic effector cells. It is concluded that a segmental area of overactivity exists at the rectosigmoid junction in most constipated subjects regardless of their underlying disorders.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of a hyperactive segment at the rectosigmoid junction. 95 44

A system used to record myoelectrical activity from the rectosigmoid colon has been modified so that a continuous recording of electrical resistance is obtained simultaneously. Normal subjects, patients with diverticular disease and patients with the irritable colon syndrome have been studied by this method. There were variations in resistance in the form of waves for 74.7, 88.5 and 89.0% of the time in the three groups. These changes were abolished by intravenous glucagon. The predominant frequency of the waves was 2-4 c/min and often coincided with myoelectrical waves of the same frequency. It is concluded that the resistance changes are produced by local movement in the colonic wall at the electrode site and that this technique may be valuable in studying colonic motility.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous recording of myoelectrical activity and resistance from the human colon. 684 Apr 3

A previous study had shown an increased prevalence (83%) of diverticula among patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) compared with other ESRD patients without ADPKD (32%). Others have also suggested an increased risk for diverticular complications in renal transplant recipients with ADPKD. To determine whether there was an increased occurrence of diverticula among non-ESRD patients with ADPKD, we studied 55 patients with ADPKD who were not receiving renal replacement therapy compared with 12 unaffected family members (non-ADPKD) and 59 random patients who had undergone barium enemas (control [C]). No study patient had a history of diverticular disease. All patients underwent a double-contrast barium enema after administration of glucagon. The occurrence, number, location, and size of diverticula were noted. There was no significant difference among the three groups in regard to sex (men: ADPKD, 42% versus non-ADPKD, 42% versus C, 37%) or age (ADPKD, 49.3 +/- 0.7 versus non-ADPKD, 51.2 +/- 2.1 versus C, 49 +/- 1 years). There was no significant difference in the percentage of patients with diverticula (ADPKD, 47% versus non-ADPKD, 58% versus C, 59%), the percentage with only right-colon diverticula (ADPKD, 5% versus non-ADPKD, 17% versus C, 5%), the mean number of diverticula in patients with diverticulosis (ADPKD, 13.8 versus non-ADPKD, 7.9 versus C, 9.9 diverticula), or the size of the largest diverticula (ADPKD, 9.5 versus non-ADPKD, 10.4 versus C, 10.5 mm). There was no significant difference in these variables between the patients with ADPKD with a creatinine clearance greater than 70 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (n = 25) or less than 70 mL/min/1.73 m(2). This study does not show the greater prevalence of diverticular disease in non-ESRD patients with ADPKD compared with the general population. Thus, patients with ADPKD need not be considered at greater risk for diverticular disease than the general population.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of colonic diverticular disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease without end-stage renal disease. 1056 Nov 42