Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An autopsy case of malignant islet cell tumor of the pancreas is presented. The patient, a 64-year-old woman showed severe hypoglycemia as the initial symptom, and hyperinsulinemia was demonstrated by laboratory examinations. Metastatic tumors in the liver were found by abdominal computed tomography. Autopsy revealed a tumor measuring 6.5 x 3 x 2 cm occupying the pancreas from the body to the tail. From the results of histological and immunohistochemical studies, this was diagnosed as a malignant islet cell tumor producing multiple hormones such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide, as well as expressing the tumor-related antigens CEA and CA19-9. These findings suggested that the tumor cells showed differentiation to both endocrine cells and pancreatic duct cells.
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PMID:Malignant islet cell tumor of the pancreas with multiple hormone production and expression of CEA and CA19-9. Report of an autopsy case. 167 32

Sixteen argyrophil cell carcinomas in 59 gastric scirrhous carcinomas were examined histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically for polypeptide hormones, CEA, lysozyme, and HCG. In nine of these 16 tumors, polypeptides such as gastrin, somatostatin, and glucagon were demonstrated. Six of these nine tumors contained all three hormones, and three of these six tumors also had argentaffin cells. In all of these 16 tumors CEA were observed. Eight of them had CEA, lysozyme, and acid mucin synchronously. Of the above six tumors containing three peptides, three produced focal HCG. Ultrastructurally, several types of secretory granules were noted. Histologically, these 16 tumors showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas or signet ring cell carcinomas. Macroscopically, generalized type was 11 and localized type five. No hormonal syndrome was detected in any of the patients. It was suggested that these scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinomas of the stomach with the multifunction originate from totipotent immature cells of endodermal origin.
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PMID:Scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinoma of the stomach with multiple production of polypeptide hormones, amine, CEA, lysozyme, and HCG. 617 15

Seven cases of PCNP were studied; 5 females and 2 males, ages ranging from 21 to 68 years (mean 39). All had asymptomatic masses located in the head (3), body (2), isthmus (1) and tail (1). In 4 of them fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was done and showed a diagnostic pattern with papillary clusters as well as isolated epithelial cells with monomorphic appearance, round nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli; 5 cases had a surgical resection and only 2 a biopsy due to unresectable tumors. Histologically, they showed the typical features of PCNP with solid, papillary, trabecular and cystic patterns. IHQ studies showed positivity for cytokeratin (n = 5), alpha-1-antitrypsin (n = 4), monoclonal NSE (n = 3), chromogranin (n = 3) and estrogen receptors (n = 1). All cases were negative for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, EMA and CEA. DNA analysis done with an image analyzer showed 4 diploid tumors, 2 diploid-tetraploid an 1 aneuploid tumor. One patient died because of postoperative complications and the remaining 6 are alive with a mean follow-up of 17 months (2-36). We emphasize the diagnostic appearance of the tumor on FNA, and the low grade malignant potential of this neoplasm supported by the predominance of diploid tumors. Our IHQ findings suggest both an exocrine and endocrine differentiation.
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PMID:[Papillary and cystic tumors of the pancreas. Clinico-pathological, cytopathological, immunohistochemical, and nuclear ploidy study]. 808 43

Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on ten samples of gastrointestinal carcinoids resected in Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital. All samples showed positive reaction to chromogranin A. Serotonin was detected in 8 samples, somatostatin in 4 samples, gastrin in 2 samples. Glucagon/Glicentin in 1 sample, and PYY production in 2 samples. CEA production was detected in 8 samples, and microvascular invasion was observed in 6 of these 8 patients. The PCNA/cyclin labeling index (L.I.) of the cases with metastases was significantly higher than those without metastases. In conclusion, the expression of CEA and the PCNA/cyclin L.I. may be useful markers of the malignant potential of carcinoid tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of gastrointestinal carcinoids. 810 55

We present a new technique of image fusion (IF) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRT) and anti-CEA-immunoscintigraphy (Behring 431/26) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We performed SPECT and MRT within 8 hours on the same day. Glucagon intravenously was used to reduce artefacts due to intestinal motility. Before image fusion we analysed the SPECT and MRT images independently of each other. The MRT and SPECT were connected by a local area network (LAN) to a Gateway computer, which is also used as a picture archive. There a program automatically starts, translates the MRT data from the ACR/NEMA format to the Elscint one and these data are sent for image fusion to the nuclear medicine computer Elscint SP1. By means of a clinical example we present anatomic concordant superimposition and explain the findings and the clinical value of our technique. This system and technique are equally applicable to other digital imaging investigations. By IF, on the basis of the certain evidence of the tracer depot of a pathological lesion diagnosed by MRT and the reliability of the anatomical assignment of a focal lesion diagnosed by SPECT, early detection of local recurrence after surgical treatment of rectal cancer, the correct localisation of recurrent disease and its distinction from non-malignant tissue becomes possible. This enables planning of further therapeutical strategies.
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PMID:[A new concept in imaging pelvic recurrence of curatively operated rectal carcinoma--image fusion of nuclear magnetic resonance tomography and anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy (SPECT): technique and clinical example]. 856 Aug 91

Extensive pancreatectomy (EP) may increase the resection rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA). Unfortunately, EP often results in unstable diabetes. Recently, islet autotransplantation (auto-Tx) has offered the potential to prevent this metabolic disorder. Because of the fear of contamination of prepared islets by malignant cells, this procedure has so far not been used as a treatment for PA. We herein report a case of a 63-year-old nondiabetic patient who underwent EP combined with islet auto-Tx in an emergency operation following histologically proved R(0)-resection for PA (pT(3)pN(1)G(2)). Islets were isolated from the excised pancreas using a continuous digestion filtration device. The resultant preparation was injected into the portal vein. Owing to the moderate fasting hyperglycemia, postoperative exogenous insulin therapy was necessary (26 U/d). After discharge, the patient's daily insulin dose was gradually reduced. At 1-year follow-up the fasting C-peptide level was 0.66 ng/mL, and an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and an intravenous (IV) glucagon stimulation (GS) showed functioning engrafted islets. The K-ras mutations were detected in the paraffin-embedded PA, but not in the prepared islets or in the peripheral blood. Computed tomographic (CT) imaging revealed neither local tumor recurrence nor liver metastases. At 2-year follow-up, the patient was on a balanced food regimen and gaining weight. Although he remains insulin-dependent (16 U/d), he is metabolically stable (HbA(1)(c) 5.9%). The fasting C-peptide level is 0.68 ng/mL. The peak value of C-peptide in response to oGTT was 0.92 ng/mL and to GS 0.89 ng/mL. At this time Ca19-9 and CEA are increased to 35.3 U/mL and 19.2 ng/mL, respectively. The patient died 2.5 years after operation owing to tumor recurrence. There was no evidence for liver metastases. We postulate that histologic evaluation (R(0)-resection) and detection of K-ras mutations may be useful techniques. However, islet auto-Tx after EP for adenocarcinoma should only be regarded for rescue therapy. Studies on strategies to exclude possible contamination of islet tissue with carcinoma cells are critically important.
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PMID:Islet autotransplantation combined with pancreatectomy for treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report. 1519 92