Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using the indirect immunofluorescence technique, methionine-enkephaline-like, alpha- and beta-endorphin-like peptides were detected on whole body sections of Mytilus edulis L. Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was localized in the epithelium of the digestive tract, in the hepatopancreas, and in the nervous system. The immunoreactive cell bodies were very abundant in the anterior gastric epithelium, but sparse in the terminal portion of the digestive tract. By their basal processes the immunoreactive cells were in contact with a plexus of immunoreactive cells and fibers located in the connective tissue underlying the digestive epithelium. In the principal hepatopancreatic ducts, isolated cells showing met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity were detected between the epithelial cells and the basal lamina. A few immunoreactive cells and fibers were observed between the hepatopancreatic tubules. The three pairs of nervous ganglia contained in their cortical layer numerous met-enkephalin-like immunoreactive perikarya. Their central area possessed fluorescent immunoreactive bundles of fibers extending to the commissures, the connectives, and the nerves. Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactive fibers were detected between the smooth muscle cells. At the surface of these smooth muscle cells, immunopositive met-enkephalin-like tapered nervous endings were observed. The alpha- and beta-endorphin antisera produced a positive immunoreaction in some gastric epithelial cells, in some perikarya of the pedal ganglia, and in some nervous fibers. The endorphin-like structures were far less abundant than the met-enkephalin-like structures, but very close to them.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Apr
PMID:Immunohistological detection of methionine-enkephalin-like and endorphin-like material in the digestive tract and in the nervous system of the mussel: Mytilus edulis L. 287 14

By immunocytochemical methods the present study describes beta-endorphin-like immunoreactive substance in the brain of Boops boops. Beta-Endorphin-like neurons and fibers were detected in both dorsal and ventral components of the preoptic nucleus and in the nucleus lateralis tuberis. This localization has been discussed in relation to the presence, in the same area, of a well-defined neurosecretory system involved in hypophysial regulation. A beta-endorphin-like immunoreaction was also detected in the Purkinje cells and in processes within the cerebellum molecular layer. Although this last finding remains enigmatic it may suggest a neuromodulatory activity for cerebellum beta-endorphin-like substance. No immunoreaction was observed when the specific antiserum was absorbed with corresponding antigen and with beta-LPH. These tests led to the conclusion that the immunostaining reaction might correspond to a beta-endorphin- or lipotropin-like reaction. Further, the present results show the phylogenetic antiquity of a beta-endorphinergic or lipotropinergic system in the brain, with a stable evolutionary history as a hypophysial regulatory factor or neuromodulatory agent.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1985 Oct
PMID:Occurrence of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the teleost, Boops boops. 293 65

The long-lasting antagonistic effect of caerulein (CLN) on amphetamine (AMP) hyperactivity was abolished in rats following partial 6-OHDA lesions of the nucleus accumbens (NA) or dopamine (DA) A10 area. CLN showed the long-term antagonistic effect on AMP hyperactivity in rats following complete 6-OHDA lesions of the DA A9 area. Neonatal monosodium L-glutamate-treated rats did not show the CLN effect. These results suggest that opiate receptors presynaptically located on DA neurons in the NA and some modulatory changes in the beta-endorphin system in the arcuate nucleus may play an important role in producing the CLN effect.
Gen Pharmacol 1986
PMID:Study on the mechanism of the long-lasting antagonistic effect of caerulein on amphetamine-induced hyperactivity in rats. 293 46

This study addresses the question of whether pituitary peptides (ie, beta-endorphin) show regulatory disruption in endogenous depression and, if so, does it co-occur in the same subjects who show cortisol dysregulation. Endogenously depressed patients and psychiatric controls from three centers were evaluated, when not taking medications, and studied for plasma cortisol and beta-endorphin levels. Plasma samples were taken at four time points over one hour, on the basal day, and 16 hours after 1 mg of dexamethasone. From 33% to 69% of the endogenous patients were abnormal in their postdexamethasone cortisol levels, and from 50% to 69% were abnormal on postdexamethasone beta-endorphin values (vs 0% and 8%, respectively, for controls). When endogenous subjects were evaluated for abnormality on both cortisol and beta-endorphin, after dexamethasone, it was found that the two measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction did not necessarily co-vary. In fact when having either abnormal beta-endorphin or cortisol levels (or both) was used as a biological marker a larger number of the endogenous patients were detected than with either measure alone. Our conclusions are as follows: Plasma beta-endorphin shows a circadian rhythm similar to that seen with corticotropin (ACTH) and is suppressable by dexamethasone. In many endogenous patients plasma beta-endorphin levels escape from dexamethasone suppression. Many of these subjects are not cortisol escapers. When abnormality of either the beta-endorphin or cortisol is considered it is clear that both levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis can be dysregulated in endogenous depression.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986 Apr
PMID:beta-Endorphin/beta-lipotropin immunoreactivity in endogenous depression. Effect of dexamethasone. 293 85

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and beta-endorphin administered into the third ventricle of the hen blocked normal and progesterone-induced ovulation, and suppressed the release of LH in normal and progesterone-injected hens. p-Chlorophenylalanine, an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis, caused the release of LH and diminished the effect of beta-endorphin. Naloxone, an antagonist of opiate peptides, diminished the effect of beta-endorphin but not the effect of serotonin. The results suggest that both serotonin and beta-endorphin are involved in the control of LH release in the hen as an inhibitory agent, and serotonin is predominant while beta-endorphin is subsidiary to the inhibition of the LH release.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Jul
PMID:Effect of serotonin and beta-endorphin on the release of luteinizing hormone in the hen (Gallus domesticus). 294 59

Using immunocytochemical methods, a beta-endorphin-like immunoreactive substance was identified in the brain of the lizard Lacerta muralis. beta-Endorphin-like neurons were observed in the dorsal posterior part of the paraventricular nucleus and in the caudal region of the nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami. beta-Endorphin-like immunoreactive fibers were also detected in the median eminence. Another cell group displaying beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity was found in both subdivisions of the oculomotor nucleus and in the periaqueductal gray of the mesencephalon. In addition, a beta-endorphin-like immunoreaction was observed in the perikarya of the Purkinje cells and in their axonal processes. These patterns of immunoreactivity were completely abolished when a specific antiserum was absorbed with its corresponding antigen or with beta-lipotropin. These control tests suggest that the immunoreaction might correspond to a beta-endorphin- or lipotropin-like reaction. The results are discussed in relation to the possibility that a beta-endorphin-like peptide may be involved in hypophysial regulation or neuromodulator activity in the brain of the lizard L. muralis.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Oct
PMID:beta-Endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the lizard, Lacerta muralis. 295 Dec 94

We assessed the effect of parental loss during childhood on the development of psychopathology in 90 adults. The subjects with a history of adult psychopathology (PATH group), in comparison with subjects with no history of a psychiatric disorder (NO PATH group), had poorer quality of childhood home life and personal adaptation subsequent to parental loss as assessed by the Home Life and Personal Adaptation (HAPA) scale developed by us. Total HAPA scale scores were the single most powerful predictor of adult psychopathology, accounting for correct prediction of adult psychopathology in 80% (72/90) of the subjects. The PATH subjects had significantly increased plasma levels of cortisol and beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. Moreover, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels significantly correlated with total HAPA scores. First-degree family history of psychiatric disorders, age at loss, and parental vs maternal loss were not significantly different between PATH and NO PATH subjects. We conclude that the quality of home life subsequent to early parental loss is critically related to the development of adult psychopathology. The hypothesis that early trauma results in enduring neuroendocrine alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function is examined.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988 Nov
PMID:Early parental loss and development of adult psychopathology. 297 65

From neurointermediate lobe (NIL) extracts of two species of Cyprinidae, Carassius auratus and Cyprinus carpio, several peptides were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a C18 muBondapak column eluted with a methanol/acetic acid/triethylamine mixture. Monitoring all fractions by radioimmunoassay (RIA) with an antibody against melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) C terminal gave positive reactions for fractions 7, 11-12, 15-16, 23-24, and 25-27. For further characterization, the elution positions of these peaks were compared to those of known synthetic reference substances. Peak 7 elutes in the same position as oxidized alpha MSH, whereas peak 15-16 matches the elution position of des-acetyl alpha MSH and 23-24 that of alpha MSH. The product from peak 26-27 has several characteristics of the diacetylated form of alpha MSH: its immunoreactivity in RIA, its sensitivity to weak bases and to HCl and its mass spectrum which is identical with that of mammalian diacetyl alpha MSH. In both species, the diacetylated form is predominant in the intracellular pool. This study establishes the coexistence of three different forms of alpha MSH, a des-acetylated, monoacetylated, and diacetylated in the cyprinid NIL extracts.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1985 Feb
PMID:Separation and partial characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay of different forms of melanocyte-stimulating hormone from fish (Cyprinidae) neurointermediate lobes. 298 88

Effects of N-terminal peptide of salmon proopiocortin (salmon NPP-I) on cortisol secretion was examined in vitro using diced interrenal tissue from the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. ACTH(1-24) at concentrations of 1 to 50 nM stimulated cortisol secretion in dose-dependent manner, whereas salmon NPP-I had no effect over a range of 50 pM to 500 nM. Cortisol secretion in response to various doses of ACTH(1-24) was modified slightly when 1 to 100 nM of salmon NPP-I was added to the incubation medium together with ACTH. An augmentation of in vitro secretion of cortisol in response to ACTH(1-24) was observed when the interrenal was removed from the trout pretreated with one IU of porcine ACTH but not with 10 micrograms of salmon NPP-I. A slight but significant potentiating effect of salmon NPP-I (10 or 100 nM) on the ACTH-induced cortisol secretion was observed when the trout was sensitized to ACTH by porcine ACTH pretreatment. Furthermore, six daily injections of salmon NPP-I into the trout induced hyperplasia of interrenal tissue. These findings suggest that NPP-I, together with ACTH, may be involved in controlling interrenal function in the trout. Such activities could be due to conservative region in the N-terminal portion of NPP.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1985 May
PMID:Effects of N-terminal peptide of salmon proopiocortin on interrenal function of the rainbow trout. 298 83

We studied disturbances in the circadian pattern of plasma corticotropin and cortisol concentrations in 25 depressed patients (eight dexamethasone suppression test [DST] nonsuppressors and 17 suppressors) and 21 normal control subjects. Blood samples were drawn every 20 minutes for 24 hours before the administration of dexamethasone, and for a second 24 hours after the administration of 1 mg of dexamethasone. The corticotropin and cortisol level rhythms were examined using three different statistical methods. Nonsuppressors averaged greater elevations in plasma cortisol and corticotropin levels than did subjects in the other two groups, both before and after administration of the dexamethasone. The cortisol levels of the suppressors were virtually identical to those of the control subjects. However, the suppressors had significant elevations of corticotropin levels compared with normal control subjects, especially on the day before taking dexamethasone. Before taking dexamethasone, the depressed patients reached a daily nadir of cortisol concentration approximately two hours earlier than did the normal control subjects. The DST nonsuppressors also exhibited a blunting in the expected circadian rhythm of the corticotropin level.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985 Sep
PMID:Pituitary-adrenal axis rhythm disturbances in psychiatric depression. 299 90


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