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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of arginine-vasopressin (AVP)-, oxytocin-, beta-endorphin (beta-EP)- and dynorphin-immunoreactive cells was examined by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunocytochemistry in the ovaries of Brattleboro and Long-Evans (LE) rats. The ovarian distribution of the peptide-immunoreactivity is indistinguishable between the two strains. AVP- and beta-EP-immunoreactivity is co-localized in the majority of luteal cells, and in some cells scattered in the interstitial tissue. Of the AVP/beta-EP-positive cells, 1-2% also contained immunoreactive (ir)-dynorphin. Some cells in the interstitium contained only ir-AVP (approximately 50%) or only ir-dynorphin (approximately 5%); in the corpora lutea, however, no luteal cells appeared to contain only one peptide. AVP-immunoreactivity is also present in theca cells surrounding secondary and large, antral follicles; ir-oxytocin was not observed in any ovarian cell type in the rat. These data suggest that most luteal, and some interstitial, cells in the ovary have the capacity to produce and store up to three different neuropeptides.
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PMID:Co-expression of vasopressin with beta-endorphin and dynorphin in individual cells from the ovaries of Brattleboro and Long-Evans rats: immunocytochemical studies. 287 49

Beta-endorphin (beta-EP) immunostainable cells were demonstrated in human ovarian tissue using a non-cross-reacting anti-beta-EP serum and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase detection technique. In ovaries from ovulating and premenopausal women, beta-EP immunoreactivity was localized in the luteinized cells of theca interna of maturing follicles with almost negligible staining in granulosa cells; cells of primary follicles did not stain. In corpora lutea, luteinized cells in both theca interna and granulosa, layers were equally positive. In postmenopausal ovaries, staining was detectable only in scattered luteinized stromal cells. This is the first report on the presence of immunoreactive beta-EP in human ovaries, in which beta-EP seems to be produced by the same sex cord cells engaged in active steroidogenesis and may be under gonadotropin central regulation. The significance of this finding is discussed.
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PMID:Immunoreactive beta-endorphin in human ovaries. 293 58

Ovaries from pregnant and postpartum Sprague-Dawley rats were examined for content of immunoreactive beta-endorphin by radioimmunoassay, and for its localization by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. In addition, the molecular forms of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity were separated by gel chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Ovaries from rats early in pregnancy showed intense granular cytoplasmic staining of luteal cells, with an even distribution of granular material throughout the cytoplasm. By middle to late pregnancy the staining pattern was changed, with immunoreactive material showing a less granular and unevenly distributed staining pattern and with some areas of the cytoplasm totally devoid of immunoreactive material. The concentrations of immunoreactive beta-endorphin measured during pregnancy were significantly lower than levels in mature non-pregnant rat ovary. The ovarian concentration of immunoreactive beta-endorphin fell progressively during pregnancy and early lactation, returning to normal cyclic rat levels at 20 days post partum. The ovarian concentration of beta-endorphin-like material was lowest at 6 days post partum (0.53 +/- 0.08 ng/g wet weight; mean +/- S.E.M.), representing approximately 10% of the concentration found in pooled ovaries from randomly cyclic adult rats. Gel chromatography revealed only a single peak of immunoreactive beta-endorphin, co-eluting with 3.5 kD molecular weight ovine beta-endorphin (1-31). This contrasts with gel profiles of adult cyclic rat ovary, where large molecular weight species pro-opiomelanocortin (31 kD) and beta-lipotrophin (11.5 kD) are also present. On RP-HPLC the predominant species of low molecular weight immunoreactive material co-eluted with beta-endorphin(1-31).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Pregnancy-associated changes in ovarian immunoreactive beta-endorphin in rats. 293 66

The avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique is proposed for the immunological localization of beta-endorphin in the rat spinal cord. A rabbit specific antibody anti-human beta-endorphin was first obtained and then identified by immunoblotting and incubated with a quick-frozen section of young rat spinal cord. The use of a specific antibody with the immunoperoxidase reaction gave a morphological visualization of the beta-endorphin in the histological sections of the rat spinal cord.
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PMID:Localization of beta-endorphins in the rat spinal cord using avidin-biotin technology. 295 Aug 50

Chromogranin was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in the cytoplasm of human beta-thyrotropin, human beta-follicle-stimulating hormone-, human beta-luteinizing hormone-, and human alpha-subunit-containing cells of the non tumorous human adenohypophyses. Some surgically removed human beta-thyrotropin-, human beta-follicle-stimulating hormone-, human beta-luteinzing hormone-, and human alpha-subunit-producing pituitary adenomas, as well as some null cell-adenomas, exhibited chromogranin immunoreactivity, whereas adenomas storing human growth hormone, human prolactin, or corticotropin were negative. Chromogranin immunopositivity was variable in extent and intensity; not every glycoprotein-producing cell could be immunostained in the nontumorous adenohypophysis and the majority of chromogranin-containing adenomas showed only focal positivity. No explanation can be offered for this variability. The demonstration of chromogranin by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique may be helpful in the immunohistochemical characterization of some glycoprotein hormone-producing pituitary adenomas, as well as null-cell adenomas of the human pituitary.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of chromogranin in human hypophyses and pituitary adenomas. 298 72

Using an immunofluorescence microscopic staining technique, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-stained myenteric plexus perikarya and nerve fibers as well as ACTH-immunoreactive submucous plexus nerve processes were revealed in the rat duodenum. However, ACTH-immunostained cells were also seen in Bunner's glands. In immunoelectron microscopic experiments could be demonstrated that the ACTH-immunoreactivity was contained within presumptive endocytotic vesicles of these cells. The ACTH-positive vesicles had a mean diameter of 270 nm. The ACTH-peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) complex (mean diameter 50 nm) was located on the inner surface of the vesicle. At light microscopic level, ACTH-immunofluorescent nerve fibers were in close association with these ACTH-stained Brunner's gland cells. These findings might indicate that ACTH influences both the quality and quantity of the mucous produced by Brunner's gland cells.
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PMID:Adrenocorticotropin immunoreactivity is contained within presumptive endocytotic vesicles of rat Brunner's gland cells. 298 1

The identification of immunoreactive beta-endorphin, beta-lipotropin and ACTH from extracts of human placentas by radioimmunoassay suggests a probable synthesis of these peptides in the placenta. In this study we investigated the presence of beta-endorphin and ACTH in placenta, amniotic membranes and umbilical cord using a peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining technique. Tissues were obtained immediately after delivery, fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. As control tissues autopsy specimens of pituitary glands from adults and newborns were used. All sections of pituitary glands showed a positive reaction; negative results were observed in sections of placentas, umbilical cords and amniotic membranes. We conclude that no intracellular storage of beta-endorphin and ACTH takes place in the examined tissues.
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PMID:Investigation of beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropic hormone in placenta, amniotic membrane and umbilical cord using an immunoperoxidase technique. 299 Oct 90

Antisera raised against chum salmon prolactin (PRL), trout growth hormone (GH), mammalian adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and alpha-melanophore-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) were used to localize PRL, GH, ACTH, gonadotropic, TSH, and MSH cells in the hypophysis of the teleost Dicentrarchus labrax using the unlabeled peroxidase anti-peroxidase method. In the rostral pars distalis, ACTH cells stained very intensively with anti-ACTH; so did the MSH cells in the pars intermedia. The prolactin cells stained very specifically with anti-prolactin without staining the growth hormone cells. In the proximal pars distalis anti-GH, anti-TSH beta, and anti-LH stained selectively the corresponding cells; with these antisera no cross-reaction with any other cell type was observed. Anti-alpha-MSH only stained cells in the pars intermedia. Some cells in the pars intermedia did not react at all; these could correspond to the PAS-positive cells. A characteristic feature was positive staining with anti-LH in some cell groups encircling the pars intermedia, indicating the fact that in the seabass some cells of the proximal pars distalis surround the pars intermedia.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical identification and localization of the different cell types in the pituitary of the seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). 300 72

By the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, the authors studied 7 malignant choroidal melanomas, 7 conjunctival nevi and 1 malignant conjunctival melanoma with the aim to detect the presence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), gastrin, estradiol and testosterone. Positive staining reaction for VIP, estradiol and testosterone was observed in both malignant melanomas of the choroid and conjunctival nevi. The case of conjunctival melanoma was positive for VIP and ACTH but not for estradiol and gastrin.
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PMID:Steroids and neuroendocrine hormones detected by the immunoperoxidase technique from malignant melanomas and nevi of the choroid and conjunctiva. 301 Feb 9

One hundred and forty human fetal pituitary glands were removed from fetuses at 7-40 weeks of gestation and studied by light microscopy and immunocytochemistry to localize adenohypophysial hormones. For immunocytology, the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique was more sensitive and identified hormones in younger fetuses than did the immunoperoxidase method. Adrenocorticotrophin, beta-endorphin, and growth hormone were the first hormones detected; they were identified by intense cytoplasmic immunopositivity at 8 weeks of gestation. Between 10 and 20 weeks, many growth hormone containing cells were large and showed scattered, faint positivity; after 20 weeks, smaller cells with intense positivity predominated. alpha-Subunit of the glycoprotein hormones was identified at 9 weeks of development; beta-subunits of thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone appeared by 12 weeks. Gonadotrophs differed in numbers related to fetal age and sex. From 15 to 25 weeks, glands of female fetuses contained more gonadotrophs than did those of males; after 25 weeks, there was no significant difference in total gonadotroph numbers. Throughout gestation, adenohypophyses of male fetuses had more luteinizing hormone containing cells than follicle-stimulating hormone containing cells; pituitaries of females had approximately the same numbers of follicle-stimulating hormone containing and luteinizing hormone containing cells. Prolactin was identified in few small cells at 12 weeks; at term, prolactin-containing cells were numerous, comparable to those seen in the hyperplasia of maternal glands in late gestation and during lactation. This comprehensive study indicates morphologic correlations with pituitary hormone extraction data and with the appearance of the various hormones in the fetal circulation.
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PMID:Human fetal adenohypophysis. Histologic and immunocytochemical analysis. 301 83


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