Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Responses of plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, plasma cortisol, and plasma electrolyte concentration and urinary electrolyte and aldosterone excretion were studied in four men during hypoxic decompression to a stimulated altitude of 4,760 m in a pressure chamber. Three of the four subjects developed significant acute mountain sickness. Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations were unchanged. No significant change in plasma renin activity was observed, but values tended to fall. Plasma aldosterone concentration was depressed while plasma cortisol was elevated and diurnal variation lost. Urinary sodium excretion was unchanged, but urinary potassium and aldosterone excretion were decreased. The decrease in plasma and urinary aldosterone and urinary potassium in the absence of change in plasma renin activity or plasma potassium is of uncertain origin. It is unlikely to be due to a decrease in adrenocorticotropin secretion since plasma cortisol rose during the same time. None of the changes could be causally implicated in the development of acute mountain sickness although the increase in plasma cortisol was greatest in the most ill.
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol 1977 Sep
PMID:Renin, aldosterone, electrolyte, and cortisol responses to hypoxic decompression. 91 12

The cases of two young adults with widespread multiple eruptive naevi are described. In the first patient, more than 100 lesions appeared during a period of 6 months. Young lesions were small flesh-coloured telangiectatic papules; older lesions were larger and verrucose with histological features of cellular naevi. In the second patient, a great number of lentigines developed in the course of 2 years. Light and electron microscopy showed that giant melanosomes were present within the lesions. The plasma level of beta-MSH-like immuno-reactivity was normal.
Br J Dermatol 1977 Sep
PMID:Eruptive naevi: report of two cases, with enzyme histochemical, light and electron microscopical findings. 92 97

Spironolactone administration (50 mg/kg/day for 3 days) to make guinea pigs decreased cortisol production by adrenal slices in vitro. Adrenal microsomal and mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 levels were also decreased after treatment with spironolactone. The decline in adrenal cytochrome P-450 content was accompanied by decreases in microsomal 21-hydroxylase and mitochondrial cholesterol side-chain cleavage and 11beta-hydroxylase activities. Activities of other adrenal enzymes, such as delta4-hydrogenase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, were unaffected by spironolactone treatment. Cortisone administration to guinea pigs failed to mimic the effects of spironolactone on adrenal function, which indicates specificity of spironolactone action and excludes inhibition of adrenocorticotropin secretion as a mode of action. Addition of spironolactone to isolated adrenal mitochondria or microsomes produced type I spectral changes with spectral dissociation constants similar to those for endogenous steroid substrates. Spironolactone, in vitro, inhibited 11beta- but not 21-hydroxylase activity. The results indicate that spironolactone administration diminishes the activity of adrenal mitochondrial as well as microsomal cytochrome P-450-containing enzymes, resulting in a fall in corticosteroid output.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1976 Sep
PMID:Mechanism of action of spironolactone on adrenocortical function in guinea pigs. 97 70

Methionine-enkephalin and beta-endorphin, endogenous peptides with activities similar to those of opiates, were infused for 70 hours into the periaqueductal gray-fourth ventricular space of the rat brain. When challenged with a naloxone, a specific opiate antagonist, these animals manifested a typical morphine-like withdrawal syndrome. These results show that such peptides can cause physical dependence.
Science 1976 Sep 24
PMID:Physical dependence of opiate-like peptides. 98 87

Injection of posterior pituitary powder induces an intense mitotic stimulation in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland of young rats. This effect is much more pronounced in females than in males. It is maximal at two days treatment. Longer periods result in a hypertrophied zona glomerulosa and lower mitotic activity. A search for the hormone responsible for the stimulation shows that vasopressin, and to a lesser extent oxytocin, are mitogenic. ACTH, alpha-MSH, beta-MSH and the pineal hormones have no effect. Renin (but not angiotensin) induces a significant stimulation. It is concluded that vasopressin exerts a potent influence on the glomerulosa. This is in contrast with the prevalent view that the glomerulosa is little affected by the hypophysis.
Cell Tissue Res 1976 Sep 06
PMID:Adrenal glomerulosa mitotic stimulation by posterior pituitary hormones. 99 Dec 6

In the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle bioassay, beta-endorphin, i.e., beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH)-[61-91], has a potency of 450 with confidence limits of 281-966 when Met5-enkephalin is used as a reference standard with a potency of 100. The primary amide and the ethylamide of Met5-enkephalin have potencies statistically overlapping with that of beta-endorphin. The primary amide of alpha-endorphin has twice the potency of the free acid form of alpha-endorphin. An intact NH2-terminal tyrosine is not necessary for full intrinsic activity. The shortest fragment of beta-LPH with morphinomimetic activity is beta-LPH-[61-64].
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1976 Sep
PMID:Morphinomimetic activity of synthetic fragments of beta-lipotropin and analogs. 106 21

As doses of zeranol implants (0 (control), 12, 24, 48, and 96 mg) were increased, there were increased reaction and activity in target organs (such as urogenital tract and mammary, adrenal, hypophyseal, and thyroid glands) of castrated male sheep (wethers). Hyperplasia and transitional and squamous transformation in the prostate were mild (1+) in the wethers given 12- and 24-mg doses, moderate to marked (2.5+) in the wethers given 48-mg doses, and severe (4+) in the wethers given 96-mg doses. Papillary proliferation and fibrosis increased correspondingly in the seminal vesicle. Changes in the distal penile urethra increased from papillary hyperplasia in the wethers given a 24-mg dose to 100% squamous transformation in the wethers given a 96-mg dose. Mammary gland development was noticeable in the wethers given a 24-mg dose and increased thereafter to progressive alveolar growth and secretory activity in the wethers given 48- and 96-mg doses. Along with a progressive increase of adrenal gland weight and adrenal gland/thyroid gland ratios over the controls, the principals had hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. Mean adrenal cortex widths for control wethers and wethers given 24-, 48-, and 96-mg doses were 2,089, 2,140 (adjusted value, 2,194), 2,416, and 2,425 mum, respectively. Mean adrenal gland weights for control wethers and wethers given 12-, 24-, 48-, and 96-mg doses were 2.50, 2.61, 2.53, 2.70, and 2.78 g. respectively. Hyperplasia (nodule formation) plus exhaustive and pyknotic changes of the adrenal cortex increased similarly with increasing zeranol dose. After the thyroid gland weights decreased (2.19, 2.04, 2.00, and 1.72 g, respectively, for control wethers and wethers given 12-, 48-, and 96-mg doses), secretory activity of thyroid epithelial cells decreased. In the glandular portion of the hypophysis, secretory activity and proliferation of eosinophilic cells increased with the larger zeranol doses (48 and 96 mg). There was a corresponding decrease in the number of basophils. These changes are consistent with increased somatotropin and adrenocorticotropin secretion and decreased thyrotropin secretion. Muscle and ligament structures appeared looser and widened in the wethers given the 96-mg dose, and fat cell formation was increased in the muscles along ligament muscle junctions.
Am J Vet Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Pathologie changes in endocrine glands and certain other tissues of lambs implanted with the synthetic growth promotant zeranol. 116 68

Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone was shown to act synergistically with testosterone to stimulate the sebaceous, prostate and the seminal vesicles in hypophys-ectomized-castrated rats. The sebaceous glands differed from the other three organs in that alpha-MSH not only acted synergistically, but also had a significant effect which was independent of the presence of exogenous testosterone. The response of the brown adipose tissue to testerone, considerably reduced by hypophysectomy, was not restored by alpha-MSH. The Harderian and lachrymal glands were also pituitary-dependent and their weights in hypophysectomized-castrated rats were not restored by alpha-MSH.
J Endocrinol 1975 Sep
PMID:The synergistic action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and testosterone of the sebaceous, prostate, preputial, Harderian and lachrymal glands, seminal vesicles and brown adipose tissue in the hypophysectomized-castrated rat. 119 15

Following 25 mug/day synthetic alpha-MSH administration, the liver regeneration of partially hepatectomized rats proved to be increased. The hormone treatment resulted in an enhanced alanine incorporation of the liver proteins, but this effect was uncertain on partially hepatectomized rats. Due to the hormone treatment the low liver protein content of the operated rats became normal. The pseudocholinesterase activity of the liver homogenate of alpha-MSH treated rats was also elevated. On the basis of these experiments authors are supposing some protein synthesis increasing effect of synthetic alpha-MSH.
Endokrinologie 1975 Sep
PMID:The effect of alpha-melanophor-stimulating hormone on liver regeneration and incorporation of amino acid in rats' liver protein. 122 18

Fine, varicose oxytocin-containing nerve fibers have been demonstrated in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in rats. Using Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin as an anterograde tracer, fine neuronal fibers of paraventricular nucleus origin could be seen throughout the arcuate nucleus. Using double immunostaining, oxytocin-immunoreactive varicose fibers were observed around or in the close vicinity of beta-endorphin-immunoreactive neurons. Silver-gold-labeled oxytocin-immunoreactive presynaptic boutons were shown to make synaptic contacts with diaminobenzidine-labeled beta-endorphin-immunoreactive neurons by electron microscopy. These findings provide morphological evidence for a possible influence of oxytocin on the activity of the brain beta-endorphin system at the hypothalamic level.
Neuroendocrinology 1992 Sep
PMID:Oxytocin nerve fibers innervate beta-endorphin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. 127 46


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