Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of several anesthetic drugs and artificial respiration on the release of pituitary beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta-END-LI) were examined in rats. Plasma beta-END-LI responses to halothane and pentobarbital were similar in magnitude and duration, being maximal (2- to 3-fold) by 10 min and returning to control values by 30 min after induction. Urethane anesthesia was associated with an 8-fold increase in plasma beta-END-LI throughout the 30-min treatment period. In comparison to anesthesia alone, anesthesia plus intubation with artificial respiration (standard parameters) was associated with considerably greater elevations in plasma beta-END-LI (up to 30-fold). Further, intubation and artificial respiration appear to have contributed separately, and in an additive fashion, to the overall beta-END-LI responses observed. As compared to halothane anesthesia alone, intubation evoked a 4-fold increase in circulating beta-END-LI, whereas intubation plus ventilation was associated with a 12-fold increase. Treatment with morphine (1 or 5 mg/kg), but not pancuronium (0.3 mg/kg), attenuated the plasma beta-END-LI response to mechanical ventilation, suggesting that a subconscious phenomenon, perhaps related to pain, was partially responsible for the profound release of pituitary beta-END-LI associated with artificial respiration. Chromatographic analysis of the molecular forms of beta-END-LI released into plasma revealed that both beta-END- and beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH)-sized peptides were secreted under the present experimental conditions. Since the analgesic form of beta-END (beta- END1 -31) is cosecreted with beta-LPH from the pars distalis, increases in the fraction of plasma beta-END-LI corresponding to beta-END in size were probably due to the release of opiate active beta- END1 -31.
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PMID:Anesthesia and stimulation of pituitary beta-endorphin release in rats. 632 33

Previous work has suggested that the antinociceptive effect of nitrous oxide (N2O) in rats is mediated, at least in part, by beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and that centrally administered beta-EP stimulates release of methionine-enkephalin (ME) in the rat spinal cord. Since inhibition of central nitric oxide (NO) production has been found to suppress N2O antinociception, we examined the possible involvement of NO in the release of spinal cord ME by i.c.v. beta-EP. Urethane-anesthetized, male Sprague-Dawley rats were intrathecally (i.t.) perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) and fractions of perfusate were assayed for immunoreactive (i.r.) ME. The beta-EP-induced increase in ME concentration in the i.t. perfusate was significantly suppressed by perfusing the animal with aCSF containing 100 microM L-NG-nitro arginine (L-NOARG), an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS). The further addition of 50 microM L-arginine (L-ARG), but not D-arginine (D-ARG), to the aCSF reversed the suppression of the ME change by L-NOARG. However, the potency of L-ARG decreased with increasing concentrations of L-ARG. On the other hand, increasing the concentration of L-NOARG in the aCSF to 250 microM failed to produce a greater suppression of the beta-EP-induced increase in ME. These findings suggest that NO may mediate the beta-EP-induced release of ME in the spinal cord and that interference with this mechanism might be an explanation for the antagonism of N2O antinociception in rats by NOS inhibitors.
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PMID:Involvement of nitric oxide in intracerebroventricular beta-endorphin-induced neuronal release of methionine-enkephalin. 779 28

Activation of peripheral cannabinoid CB(1) receptors contributes to hemorrhagic hypotension, and endocannabinoids produced by macrophages and platelets may be mediators of this effect. A number of studies have provided evidence that functional links exist in the mechanisms of action of cannabinoids and opioid peptides; and opioids too play an important role in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic hypotension and shock. On the other hand, melanocortin peptides, which are the main endogenous functional antagonists of opioid peptides, have an antishock effect in animals and humans. Thus, we investigated whether an interaction exists between endocannabinoids and the endogenous opioid/antiopioid system also in a condition of hemorrhagic shock and, particularly, whether the blockade of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors potentiates the antishock effect of melanocortins. Urethane-anesthetized rats were stepwise bled until mean arterial pressure decreased to, and stabilized at, 21-23 mm Hg. In this model of hemorrhagic shock, which caused the death of all control rats within 30 min after vehicle (tween 80, 5% in saline) injection, the intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist N-piperidino-5-[4-chlorophenyl]-1-[2,4 dichlorophenyl]-4-methyl-3-pyrazolecarboxamide (SR141716A) increased mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, respiratory rate and survival rate in a dose-related manner (0.1-3 mg/kg), an almost complete recovery of mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure and respiratory rate, and 100% survival at the end of the observation period (2 h), occurring with the dose of 3 mg/kg. The melanocortin ACTH-(1-24) (adrenocorticotropin) also produced in a dose-related manner (0.02-0.16 mg/kg i.v.) a restoration of cardiovascular and respiratory functions, and increased survival rate, an almost complete recovery and 100% survival at the end of the observation period (2 h) occurring with the dose of 0.16 mg/kg. When a subactive dose of SR141716A (0.2 mg/kg; 30% survival) was associated with a subactive dose of ACTH-(1-24) (0.02 mg/kg; 12% survival), a complete reversal of the shock condition was obtained with 100% survival at the end of the 2-h observation period. The present results show that the concurrent inhibition of both endogenous opioid and cannabinoid systems produces a reversal of hemorrhagic shock more effective than that produced by the inhibition of either of them. These data suggest that functional interactions between endocannabinoids and opioid/antiopioid are at work also in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock.
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PMID:Cannabinoid CB(1) receptor blockade enhances the protective effect of melanocortins in hemorrhagic shock in the rat. 1200 25