Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An immunoneutralization technique with specific antibodies was used to explore the role of endogenous neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release after hypoglycemic stress in the dog. Dogs received injections of rabbit antihuman NPY gamma-globulin (anti-NPY) or normal gamma-globulin (NGG) into the third cerebral ventricle, which was followed by i.v. injection of insulin. Hypoglycemia of a 40% fall in systemic glucose levels occurred in anti-NPY-treated dogs as well as NGG-treated animals. An intraventricular administration of anti-NPY significantly inhibited the ACTH and cortisol release to hypoglycemia, but had no effect on the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) response. These findings suggest involvement by endogenous NPY in the ACTH secretion induced by hypoglycemia.
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PMID:Brain neuropeptide Y in the control of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the dog. 215 50

The activity of brain cortex-derived phosphatidylserine (BC-PS) on the neuroendocrine and neurovegetative responses to physical stress was tested in 8 healthy men who underwent three experiments with a bicycle ergometer. According to a double-blind design, before starting the exercise, each subject received intravenously, within 10 min, 50 or 75 mg of BC-PS or a volume-matched placebo diluted in 100 ml of saline. Blood samples were collected before and after the exercise for plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), cortisol, growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and glucose determinations. Blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded. Physical stress induced a clear-cut increase in plasma E, NE, ACTH, cortisol, GH and PRL, whereas no significant change was observed in plasma DA and glucose. Pretreatment with both 50 and 75 mg BC-PS significantly blunted the ACTH and cortisol responses to physical stress.
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PMID:Effects of phosphatidylserine on the neuroendocrine response to physical stress in humans. 217 Aug 52

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical training on the responses of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol concentration during low-intensity prolonged exercise. Five subjects who had fasted for 12 h cycled at the same absolute intensity that elicited 50% of pre-training maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), either until exhaustion or for up to 3 h, before and after 7 weeks of vigorous physical training [mean daily energy consumption during training exercise, 531 kcal (2230 kJ)]. In the pretraining test, serum ACTH and cortisol concentrations did not increase during the early part of the exercise. Increases in concentrations of both hormones occurred in all subjects when blood glucose concentration decreased during the later phase of the exercise. The mean values and SEM of serum ACTH and cortisol concentrations at the end of the exercise were 356 ng.l-1, SEM 79 and 438 micrograms.l-1, SEM 36, respectively. After the physical training, VO2max of the subjects improved significantly from the mean value of 50.2 ml.kg-1.min-1, SEM 2.5 to 57.3 ml.kg-1.min-1, SEM 2.0 (P less than 0.05). In the post-training test, exercise time to exhaustion was prolonged in three subjects. Comparing the pre- and post training values observed after the same length of time that the subjects had exercised in the pre-training test, the post-training values of serum ACTH (44 ng.l-1, SEM 3) and cortisol (167 micrograms.l-1, SEM 30) concentration were less than the pre-training value (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of physical training on the responses of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone during prolonged exhausting exercise. 217 89

In this study aiming to clarify the relationships between beta-endorphin and glucose levels, beta-endorphin levels were determined in children in acute stress. The study was carried out on 32 critically ill children between 5 days and 12 years presenting with clinical symptoms of acute infectious conditions. 11 healthy children were taken as controls. The results showed that although beta-endorphin levels were elevated in all critically ill patients, these levels were significantly higher than control values in hyperglycaemic cases. The insulin levels were also elevated. A follow-up of nine of the hyperglycaemic cases showed a significant decline in beta-endorphin and insulin levels with recovery. Glucose tolerance was also normal. These results confirm the reports of many other studies on the role of beta-endorphin as a stress hormone.
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PMID:Beta-endorphin levels of children in acute stress. 222 24

Plasma levels of the N-terminal peptide of proopiomelanocortin (NPP) were measured in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, following treatment of handling stress with or without administration of dexamethasone, adaptation to white and black background, and maintenance on a constant light/dark cycle. Effects of exogenously administered NPP on plasma constituents were also examined to provide insight into the biological significance of NPP. Thirty minutes of handling stress in shallow water had no effect on plasma levels of NPP during and after the stress period, whereas significant increases in plasma cortisol and glucose were observed. Intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone blocked the stress-induced elevation of plasma levels of cortisol and caused a depression of plasma NPP. No difference was observed in plasma levels of NPP between trout adapted to a white background and those adapted to a black background. No diurnal changes in NPP were observed under an artificial light/dark cycle (14L/10D light cycle, 0500-1900 hr light) in May and September. Thus, plasma levels of NPP were considerably constant under various physiological conditions, and no synchronism was observed between plasma NPP and cortisol, although NPP modifies the corticotropin-induced release of cortisol from the interrenal. Plasma constituents such as cortisol, total protein, albumin, plasma amino nitrogen, glucose, free fatty acid, ketone body, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were not altered by intraperitoneal injections of NPP (1 or 10 micrograms) once daily for 6 days (total of six injections) or once every other day for 28 days (14 injections). High concentrations of NPP were found in the plasma 24 hr after cessation of the serial injections of NPP (10 micrograms), suggesting slow metabolic clearance of the peptide.
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PMID:Plasma profiles of the N-terminal peptide of proopiomelanocortin in the rainbow trout with reference to stress. 229 28

There are indications that the intermediate lobe peptide alpha-MSH is involved in the regulation of the hydromineral balance in mice and other mammals. The purpose of our studies was to determine whether manipulation of this balance in the mouse could lead to changes in either the rate of POMC biosynthesis in the pars intermedia or to changes in the direction of the processing of the precursor protein to form bioactive peptides. The results show that excess drinking, induced by substitution of drinking water by a 5% glucose solution, causes a rapid increase in POMC synthesis, whereas dehydration has the opposite effect; no evidence could be found that the above treatments have any effect on the processing of POMC, although strain differences were found in level of N-terminal acetylation of newly synthesized melanotropins and endorphins. The changes in various parameters of the hydromineral balance of the animals are consistent with the concept that peptides of the pars intermedia may be involved in regulating plasma aldosterone levels under severe conditions of low plasma sodium concentration.
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PMID:Biosynthetic response of mouse intermediate pituitary gland to induced drinking and dehydration. 233 36

The specificity of the hypoglycemic response to the intrathecal (i.t.) administration of the naturally occurring (-)-enantiomer of morphine previously reported from our laboratory was studied in mice. (+)-Morphine HBr (50 micrograms) caused a behavioral syndrome (scratching, biting, seizures) comparable to that produced by (-)-morphine sulfate (50 micrograms), but did not cause hypoglycemia. Many opioids, at a dose of 50 micrograms i.t. in nonfasted mice, showed either a saline-like hyperglycemic response or no significant effect on blood glucose. (+)-Morphine, ketocyclazocine, U-50,488, (-)- and (+)-N-allyl-normetazocine, beta-endorphin, (-)- and (+)-naloxone and naltrexone caused hyperglycemia. Significant changes from basal blood glucose were not produced by [D-Pen2, L-Pen5]-enkephalin, [D-Ser2]-Leu-enkephalin-Thr or sufentanil in 50-micrograms doses, or by codeine (300 micrograms), levorphanol (400 micrograms) or methadone (200-400 micrograms). Agonists which produced both hypoglycemic and behavioral effects were, in order of decreasing potency, hydromorphone greater than normorphine greater than morphine greater than 6-acetylmorphine greater than oxymorphone much greater than heroin. Morphine-induced hypoglycemia was partially antagonized by the i.t. coadministration of naloxone methobromide (10 micrograms). Fasting for 24 hr increased the sensitivity to hypoglycemic and lethal effects of morphine. D-Ala2-N-Me-Phe4-Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (5-50 micrograms i.t.) tended to decrease blood glucose in both nonfasted and fasted mice, but these effects were moderate and appeared to be unrelated to dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hypoglycemia induced by intrathecal opioids in mice: stereospecificity, drug specificity and effect of fasting. 235 29

This paper discusses hormonal and metabolic reactions of healthy volunteers exposed to 14-day starvation. This exposure led to many-fold increase of plasma and urinary epinephrine (E); drastic increase of ACTH and beta-endorphin (BE), morning and integrated concentrations of cortisol and STH, aldosterone, T3, glucagon, cAMP, cGMP, cAMP-cGMP, acetyl choline (AC), free fatty acids (FFA), lactate, metanephrine (MN) excretion; decrease of plasma norepinephrine (NE) and unchanged NE excretion; decrease of plasma concentrations of TTH, T4, T3, prolactin (PL), insulin (morning and integrated concentrations), C-peptide, FSH, LH, testosterone, histamine, prostaglandins (PG) A + E, PG F2, glucose and pH, as well as decrease of excretion of homovanillic acid (HVA), vanillyl mandelic acid (VMA), normetanephrine (NMN) and MN-E, NMN:NE. On recovery day 14 concentrations of E, NE, BE, STH, AC, cAMP, cGMP, FFA as well as E and dopamine excretion remained elevated while concentrations of T3, PL, FT, LT, testosterone PG A + E, PG 2 and excretion of MN, HVA, VMA, MN:E remained decreased, while other parameters returned to the normal.
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PMID:[Hormonal and metabolic reactions in the human body during prolonged starvation]. 237 73

Dispersed cells from adult rat basal hypothalami, attached to Cytodex-3 microcarrier beads, were placed in a column and superfused with aerated high glucose media or media enriched with variable concentrations of nitrous oxide with oxygen. beta-Endorphin and alpha-MSH content was measured in the effluent collected during superfusion and demonstrated a near constant baseline release. Nitrous oxide, 60% (P less than 0.025) and 80% (P less than 0.02), caused significant increases in release of beta-endorphin. Potassium chloride (50 mM) caused a significant increase in release (P less than 0.007) of beta-endorphin whereas saline and 30% nitrous oxide did not. Neither nitrous oxide-enriched media nor potassium chloride had any statistically significant effect on alpha-MSH release. The increase in beta-endorphin secretory activity during exposure to nitrous oxide demonstrates that nitrous oxide may have a stimulatory effect on central pro-opiomelanocortin neurons.
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PMID:The effects of nitrous oxide on the secretory activity of pro-opiomelanocortin peptides from basal hypothalamic cells attached to cytodex beads in a superfusion in vitro system. 244 32

The endocrine, paracrine, and neurocrine influences of the non-glucose insulin secretion regulators on the pancreatic islets are analysed. Experiments on rats using the primary monolayer culture of isolated islet cells proved that insulin secretion is directly modulated by the growth hormone (GH), C-terminal tetrapeptide of cholecystokinin, thyroliberin, and met-enkephalin, and by certain blood plasma factors of diabetes I patients. In addition, GH is showed to stimulate the islet cell proliferation by intensifying 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA synthesis. The blood plasma factors of IdDM patients influence the islets of Langerhans activity by either stimulating or depressing the secretory function of insulin producing cells. The aspects of functional organization of the islet cells and complex regulation of insulin secretion are discussed.
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PMID:[Mechanisms of the regulation of insulin secretion]. 250 84


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