Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Endocrine and immunohistochemical studies were performed in a patient with lung cancer associated with gynecomastia. Elevated level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in plasma and mild hyperadrenocorticism were demonstrated by hormone assays. Postmortem examination proved the existence of anaplastic small cell carcinoma of the lung mixed with a feature of chorioepithelioma. The presence of significant amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta-MSH), calcitonin, gastrin, hCG, hCG-alpha, hCG-beta and human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) in tumor tissues was demonstrated by radioimmunoassays, bioassay and immunohistochemical techniques. We present here a unique case of multiple hormones producing tumor elaborating both hormones of amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) series (ACTH, beta-MSH, calcitonin and gastrin) and of placental origin (hCG, hCG-alpha, hCG-beta and hCS).
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PMID:Multiple-hormone producing lung carcinoma. 22 25

We studied reactivity of highly purified pituitary hormones in our human calcitonin (hCT) radioimmunoassay (RIA) which can detect 1 pg of hCT. ACTH at doses of greater than 1 microgram of peptide per RIA tube reacted in the hCT assay, as did beta-endorphin (beta EPH) at a dose of 10 micrograms per tube. No reactivity was observed with comparable concentrations of all other known pituitary hormones. ACTH also reacted at doses greater than 1 microgram per tube with 7 other hCT antisera which recognized differing antigenic determinants in the calcitonin molecule but it was not reactive with 2 antisera against porcine calcitonin or 2 antisera against salmon calcitonin. This slight degree of cross-reactivity of hACTH and beta EPH in the hCT RIA cannot account for the presence of immunoreactive CT in pituitary glands. Nevertheless, antisera used for the localization of peptides must be rigorously tested for the existence of cross-reactivities with other possible substances, especially if such antisera detect the peptide in unexpected tissues.
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PMID:Reactivity of ACTH and synthetic ACTH peptides with antisera to human calcitonin. 23 Feb 60

A 64-yr-old female presented with severe osteoporosis and easy bruisability of over 2-yr duration. Biopsy of a neck mass revealed medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Subsequently, lymphangitic pulmonary metastases were demonstrated which had been present radiographically for at least 4 yr. Basal serum calcitonin was markedly elevated and increased during calcium infusion. The diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome was first entertained when hypokalemic alkalosis was observed during evaluation of her carcinoma. Elevated urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, 17-ketosteroids, plasma cortisol, and immunoreactive plasma ACTH levels were documented. Adrenal steroidogenesis seemed to suppress on high dose dexamethasone. The primary tumor and its metastases contained high concentrations of immunoreactive ACTH and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Hepatic metastases contained extremely high concentrations of calcitonin. In contrast to the usual presentation of the ectopic ACTH syndrome as primarily hypokalemic alkalosis and glucose intolerance, patients with relatively benign and indolent ACTH-secreting tumors, such as certain cases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, may present with more typical signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome. The more pronounced cushingoid features in this latter group presumably reflects a more prolonged period of exposure to elevated glucocorticoid levels. Ten cases of ACTH-secreting medullary carcinoma of the thyroid from the literature are discussed. Extopic ACTH production by such tumors should be considered in the evaluation of patients with Cushing's syndrome or unexplained severe osteopenia.
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PMID:ACTH-secreting medullary carcinoma of the thyroid presenting a severe idiopathic osteoporosis and senile purpura: report of a case and review of the literature. 23 64

The DMS-79 continuous line of human small cell lung carcinoma cells, which produces immunoreactive (IR)-corticotropin (ACTH), -lipotropin (LPH), and -beta-endorphin (beta END), was found to produce IR-calcitonin (CT). Two major high molecular weight (HMW) forms of IR-CT were observed after gel exclusion chromatography under denaturing conditions (mol wt. approximately 7,000 and approximately 14,000), as well as a minor HMW IR-CT component (mol. wt. approximately 70,000). None of these IR-CT materials was extracted from DMS-79 medium by affinity chromatography using an ACTH antibody covalently bound to agarose. These results demonstrate ectopic production of HMW forms of CT and ACTH/LPH/beta END by human lung tumor cells in tissue culture, but do not support the existence of a common CT/ACTH/LPH/beta END precursor molecule.
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PMID:Ectopic production of high molecular weight calcitonin and corticotropin by human small cell carcinoma cells in tissue culture: evidence for separate precursors. 23 96

Generally applicable methods for iodinating and purifying small peptide radiolabels for radioimmunoassay and membrane radioreceptor are described in detail. Resulting improvements in radioreceptor assay and radioimmunoassay, as well as results of analyses of specific activity, separation from unlabeled peptide, and storage characteristics, are presented for luliberin, corticotropin, melanotropin, and calcitonin.
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PMID:Improved iodination of peptides for radioimmunoassay and membrane radioreceptor assay. 64 14

Our previous observations have shown that calcitonin (CT) stimulates beta-endorphin, ACTH, and cortisol secretion. In order to give further information on the supposed hypothalamic pituitary involvement in this effect, we studied the influence of dexamethasone on this stimulative influence of CT. Six healthy women aged 50-65 years were investigated. All the subjects received 100 U CT salmon (Sandoz) i.v. at 0800 (0 time). Plasma beta-endorphin, ACTH, and cortisol were estimated every 30 min from -30 to 120 min by specific radioimmunoassays. The same subjects were evaluated a second time, at the same intervals, when 1 mg dexamethasone was administered per os at 11 PM the previous night and CT i.v. at 0800 the next morning. Beta-endorphin, ACTH, and cortisol levels (mean +/- SEM) rose significantly after 100 U CT from 5.6 +/- 0.17 to 16.75 +/- 1.8 pmol/L (p less than 0.001); from 39.6 +/- 6 to 88.0 +/- 3.1 pg/ml (p less than 0.0001) (from 8.7 +/- 1.3 to 19.4 +/- 0.7 pmol/L); and from 13.1 +/- 1.6 to 23.8 +/- 3.0 micrograms/dl (p less than 0.0001) [374 +/- 45 to 680 +/- 85 nmol/L], respectively. Dexamethasone suppressed almost completely the stimulatory effect of CT beta-endorphin rose from 4.9 +/- 0.12 to 6.3 +/- 1.3 pmol/L (n.s.), ACTH from 38.6 +/- 5.1 to 42.6 +/- 6.2 pg/ml (n.s.) (from 8.5 +/- 1.1 to 9.4 +/- 0.9 pmol/L) and cortisol from 0.88 +/- 0.23 to 0.88 +/- 0.18 microgram/dl (n.s.) (from 25.1 +/- 6.5 to 25.0 +/- 5.1 nmol/L).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Dexamethasone suppression of the calcitonin induced beta-endorphin, ACTH and cortisol secretion. 131 84

A variety of vasoactive substances including biogenic amines, neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, enkephalin, ACTH, corticotropin-releasing hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin, and atrial natriuretic factor have been extracted from intra-adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas in men. Some of them appear to play an important role for the development of hypertension or clinical serious symptoms. However, informations on the molecular forms of other substances in pheochromocytomas are still limited, and precise amount of the peptides or hormones in the tumors has not yet been quantitated. Numerous in vitro or in vivo studies of this documented neoplasm over the years have been reviewed in this manuscript. Clinical analyses of early diagnosis, localization diagnosis, treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia, preoperative and operative treatments are also evaluated in this paper. These informations will probably provide additional evidence for the multi-secretory APUD cells of neural crest origin and will contribute the therapy in patients with pheochromocytoma.
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PMID:[Pheochromocytoma--basic and clinical analyses]. 134 92

Exogenous kappa-opioid agonists have been shown to produce peripheral antinociceptive effects in inflamed tissue. This study sought to determine whether endogenous kappa-receptor ligands are present at the site of inflammation. In Freund's adjuvant-induced hindpaw inflammation in the rat, we show, by immunohistochemistry, that dynorphin is detectable within inflammatory cells and in the cutaneous nerves in a similar distribution as calcitonin gene-related peptide, a specific marker for sensory neurons. These findings extend our previous observations in that not only beta-endorphin and Met-enkephalin (mu- and delta-receptor ligands), but also a preferential kappa-ligand is present within inflamed subcutaneous tissue.
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PMID:Dynorphin, a preferential ligand for kappa-opioid receptors, is present in nerve fibers and immune cells within inflamed tissue of the rat. 135 8

The concentrations of immunoreactive (IR) corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in 218 neuroendocrine tumors were determined by CRH radioimmunoassay. The tumors examined were 86 pancreatic endocrine tumors (PET), 22 neuroblastic tumors (NBT), 26 carcinoid tumors (CA), 24 pheochromocytomas (PHEO), 40 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) and 20 medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC). IR-CRH was detectable in 21 neuroendocrine tumors (10 PET, four NBT, three CA, two PHEO and two SCLC) at levels of 10-2,700 ng/g wet weight (9.6%). The 21 patients with these CRH-producing tumors showed no clinical symptoms suggestive of Cushing's syndrome. The levels of plasma IR-CRH extracted by immunoaffinity chromatography were < 7.5 pg/ml in five normal subjects and a patient with a neuroblastic tumor containing 55 ng/g wet weight IR-CRH, but in a patient with a thymic carcinoid tumor containing 1,000 ng/g wet weight IR-CRH, the plasma level was elevated to 180 pg/ml. This patient did not have Cushing's syndrome nor an elevated plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level. The concentrations of nine peptides (growth hormone-releasing hormone, somatostatin, ACTH, calcitonin, gastrin-releasing peptide, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide tyrosine and pancreatic polypeptide) were determined in extracts of the 21 IR-CRH-producing tumors. Some of these peptides were frequently found to be produced concomitantly with CRH. The results indicate IR-CRH to be produced by various neuroendocrine tumors, but Cushing's syndrome, due to the CRH, to be very rare. The results also show that CRH-producing tumors produce multiple hormones.
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PMID:Production of immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing hormone in various neuroendocrine tumors. 135 72

Specimens of the sigmoid colon were obtained from male and female patients (n = 11) with carcinoma of the colon or rectum and studied immunohistochemically for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, somatostatin-, substance P-, neuropeptide Y-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, met- and leu-enkephalin-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-containing nerves. In the subdivisions of the submucous plexus (namely, Schabadasch's, Meissner's, and the intermediate plexuses), substance P- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive nerve fibers were the most numerous, and equal densities of these nerves were found in all three layers. In contrast, few neuropeptide Y-, met-enkephalin-, leu-enkephalin-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, somatostatin-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerves were found in these regions. The nerve cell bodies of the submucous plexus contained vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, leu-enkephalin, somatostatin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine but not neuropeptide Y, met-enkephalin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing nerve cell bodies were found in all three subdivisions. Substance P-, leu-enkephalin-, and somatostatin-immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were found in Schabadasch's plexus and the intermediate region of the submucous plexus, but they were absent from Meissner's plexus; 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing nerve cell bodies were only observed in Schabadasch's plexus. The possible function of the neuropeptide-, dopamine beta-hydroxylase-, and 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing neurons in the different layers of the submucous plexus is discussed.
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PMID:Peptide-containing neurons in different regions of the submucous plexus of human sigmoid colon. 848 77


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