Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of naloxone in reducing the incidence of side effects after intrathecal injection of morphine and the effects of maternal naloxone administration on the condition of the newborn were evaluated in 40 patients. Patients in labor were given a 1-mg intrathecal injection of morphine and, 1 hr later, either a 0.4-mg bolus of naloxone, followed by a 0.4-0.6 mg/hr intravenous infusion of naloxone, or an intravenous bolus of saline, followed by an intravenous infusion of saline. Intrathecal morphine provided at least 50% pain relief in 78% of patients given naloxone, and in 82% given saline. Intravenous naloxone significantly decreased the incidence of pruritus during labor and delivery. There was no significant decrease in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, somnolence, dizziness, or urinary retention in patients given naloxone. Despite placental transfer of naloxone, neonatal outcome was not adversely affected. For both groups, maternal beta-endorphin levels decreased significantly with the onset of analgesia and returned to control levels at delivery. We conclude that intravenous infusion of naloxone reduced pruritus after intrathecal injection of 1 mg of morphine for labor pain without lessening analgesia or adversely affecting maternal or neonatal status.
 ...
PMID:The effects of naloxone associated with the intrathecal use of morphine in labor. 316 Feb 59

The endogenous opiate-like peptides, beta-endorphin, methionine- and leucine-enkephalin have been investigated in unanaesthetized cats after intracerebroventricular injection. beta-Endorphin produced marked and prolonged psychomotor stimulation (restlessness, apprehension, looking around, vacant stare and impelling locomotion), accompanied by pupillary dilation and tremor which was prevented by nalorphine. In contrast to beta-endorphin, the enkephalins did not cause affective behavioural phenomena. However, the enkephalins evoked transient and inconsistent vomiting which was also prevented by nalorphine. It is apparent, therefore, that morphinomimetic brain peptides are involved in at least two functions in the central nervous system: beta-endorphin subserves the mediation of a long-lasting psychomotor stimulation, while the enkephalins mediate vomiting of a transient character.
 ...
PMID:Differences in central effects of beta-endorphin and enkephalins: beta-endorphin. A potent psychomotor stimulant. 627 57

A double-blind trial to evaluate the antiemetic effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in patients treated with cisplatin was performed. Thirty-seven adults with advanced cancer who were treated with cisplatin were randomly assigned to receive either synthetic long-acting ACTH (1 mg IM given 24 hours, 12 hours, and immediately preceding the administration of cisplatin) or a placebo given under the same conditions. All of the patients received chlorpromazine (50 mg IM) 30 minutes before cisplatin infusion. Patients receiving ACTH and chlorpromazine had significantly fewer episodes of vomiting (p less than 0.01) and shorter periods of nausea (p less than 0.02) than patients receiving placebo and chlorpromazine. Patients receiving ACTH and chlorpromazine were significantly more comfortable than patients receiving placebo and chlorpromazine. No important side effects were observed. ACTH may be an effective agent in preventing nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatin.
 ...
PMID:Adrenocorticotropic hormone in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting. 632 74

The space adaptation syndrome is one of the more vexing problems confronted by our nation's astronauts during their journeys. This syndrome may be a variant of motion sickness, although this possibility has been questioned. Physostigmine, a centrally active cholinesterase inhibitor which increases brain acetylcholine, was found to cause a motion sickness-like syndrome--in psychiatric patients and normals--including nausea, emesis, malaise, dysphoria, increases in serum ACTH, beta-endorphin, cortisol, and prolactin, Neostigmine, a non-centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor, and saline placebo caused no such effects. The above effects closely parallel those of motion sickness. Thus, the effects of physostigmine may be a convenient model for screening for treatments for motion sickness or space adaptation syndrome, or for predicting who will develop these syndromes.
 ...
PMID:A cholinomimetic model of motion sickness and space adaptation syndrome. 648 3

We have reported that arecoline, a muscarinic receptor agonist replicably enhanced verbal memory in five of nine subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate the mechanism of cognitive improvement, circulating hormone measurements were made during high-dose acute and low-dose chronic intravenous (i.v.) arecoline administration to AD patients. Acute hormone responses were measured during, and for 6 h after, infusion of arecoline 5 mg i.v. over 30 min. Chronic responses were measured in cognitive responders during continuous i.v. infusion of arecoline escalating over 2 weeks (0.5-40 mg/day) and then during a 1 week infusion of the dose optimizing cognition (4-16 mg/day). Acute arecoline administered to 14 subjects produced unpleasant side-effects (e.g. nausea, vomiting), mean adrenocorticotrophic hormone (p = .0006), cortisol (p = .0001) and beta-endorphin (p = .0001) levels were elevated. During chronic arecoline treatment, no side-effects occurred and plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone and beta-endorphin levels were unchanged in nine subjects overall and in five cognitive responders. Thus, high-dose arecoline activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and may increase other anterior pituitary hormone levels, likely representing a 'stress response', but cognition-enhancing, low doses of arecoline do not produce a glucocorticoid response. Hence, arecoline-induced memory improvement is not due to the induction of 'stress' nor to the elevation of peripheral corticosteroid levels.
 ...
PMID:Neuroendocrine responses to intravenous infusion of arecoline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. 858 3

Fourteen dogs diagnosed with Addison's disease and having atypical serum electrolyte levels are described. Seventy-eight percent were female, and most showed signs of inappetence, weakness, or vomiting. Ninety-three percent of the cases had either hyponatremia without hyperkalemia or normal serum electrolyte concentrations. Hemogram features were variable and were not useful in suggesting a diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism. The results of this study show that normal or mild serum electrolyte changes in a dog with clinical signs compatible with Addison's disease should not exclude this diagnosis from consideration. Definitive diagnosis depends on the demonstration of inadequate adrenocortical response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation.
 ...
PMID:Atypical Addison's disease in the dog: a retrospective survey of 14 cases. 868 Sep 23

A 15-year-old boy with sequelae of perinatal asphyxia experienced intractable startle-induced epileptic seizures, which were transiently suppressed with episodic vomiting. His vomiting was associated with adrenocorticotropin and antidiuretic hormone discharge, and the alteration of urinary catecholamine excretion, which might modulate epileptic seizures. Because startle-induced epileptic seizures are resistant to conventional antiepileptic therapy, this case is informative for the treatment of startle epilepsy.
 ...
PMID:Vomiting attack with ACTH and ADH discharge improves startle epilepsy. 880 77

We present two patients with manifest acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) suffering from a generalized cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Over the course of several weeks they had developed a state of increasing lethargy and fatigue and one patient had noticed a darkening of his skin. These and other symptoms (vomiting, diarrhoea, hypotension) were suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. Laboratory findings included an increase of serum potassium levels, a decrease of serum sodium concentrations and elevated levels of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). These findings, as well as the prompt therapeutic response to hydrocortisone established the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Although definitive proof is lacking, generalised CMV infection is the most likely cause of our patients' symptoms. For the early initiation of appropriate substitution therapy, persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with signs of CMV infection should be carefully and repeatedly monitored for clinical and laboratory signs of adrenal insufficiency.
 ...
PMID:Primary adrenal insufficiency in two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with disseminated cytomegaloviral infection. 940 82

A 14.8-year-old girl was treated with bromocriptine for a prolactin-secreting adenoma. She suddenly developed headaches, vomiting, fever and meningeal syndrome. This was associated with corticotropin, thyrotropin and gonadotropin deficiencies. Magnetic resonance imaging showed peripheral enhancement and a central hyposignal suggesting intra-adenoma hemorrhage and then disappearance of the adenoma. Hydrocortisone was initiated in emergency to prevent any risk to life.
 ...
PMID:Pituitary apoplexy in an adolescent with prolactin-secreting adenoma. 969 Dec 12

We report the first case of the syndrome of periodic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and vasopressin (ADH) discharge associated with focal glomerulosclerosis. Approximately 30 cases of this syndrome have so far been reported in Japan, but no cases associated with renal dysfunction have yet been reported. The patient, a 10-year-old Japanese boy, was referred to our hospital because of recurrent attacks of vomiting. He was diagnosed as having this syndrome from clinical and laboratory findings. While various drugs were tried to manage his vomiting attacks, only valproic acid appeared to be effective in reducing the frequency of the attacks. Chronic nephritis was manifested when the patient was 12 years old, which required treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Valproic acid was proved to be effective in reducing the number of attacks over 4 months.
 ...
PMID:Periodic discharge of adrenocorticotropin and vasopressin associated with focal glomerulosclerosis. 989 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>