Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study we assessed the role of psychological factor in the etiology of coronary vasospasm using the Cornell Medical Index (CMI), focusing attention on the relationship between stress and serum magnesium (Mg). The study subjects consisted of 25 patients with variant angina (VA), 32 with old myocardial infarction without vasospasm (OMI), and 34 healthy men (controls). On a neurosis-discriminative diagram of CMI, areas I and II were considered as normal and areas III and IV were considered to be a neurotic disorder. The stress test included exercise and a quiz. Exercise test was performed in 8 patients with VA, 6 with OMI, and 5 controls, and a quiz was given to 4 patients with VA. Plasma catecholamines [noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (Ad), dopamine], aldosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum electrolytes (Mg, Ca, Na, K, Cl) were measured before and after exposures to stress. The following results were obtained: 1) Of the patients with VA, 40.0% were categorized as area III or IV, compared to 18.7% of the patients with OMI, and 2.9% of the control subjects. 2) Among patients with VA, 64.0% exhibited anxiety states compatible with a psychological disorder. 3) NA and Ad were increased after exercise stress. 4) Serum Mg and Ca were also increased after exposure to exercise stress in all groups, and the degrees of these changes were correlated to the exercise intensity. The %delta Mg/%delta NA ratio, a parameter of the effect of catecholamine on the serum Mg, was greater in patients with VA than in those with OMI and the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The relation of physical and mental stress to magnesium deficiency in patients with variant angina]. 133 93

Recent studies have shown that neuropeptides, such as substance P, are responsible for arthritis. We therefore studied opioid peptides (beta-endorphin, Methionine-enkephalin, Leucine-enkephalin) in order to confirm our belief that mental status may have some influence on the activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined opioid peptides, lymphocyte subsets, psycologic test (Cornell Medical Index-Health questionnaire (CMI), the Face scale) and clinical data in patients with RA. Plasma Leu-enk, % Leu2a+ Leu15- cells,% Leu3a+ Leu8- cells and % Leu11+ Leu7- cells were higher in patients with a larger number of psycologic complaints in CMI. Plasma Leu-enk concentration was higher while % Leu11+ Leu7- cells was lower in proportion to the degree of neurosis, as indicated by the descrimitive chart of CMI. Plasma Met-enk concentration, % Leu2a+ Leu15- cells, and Lansbury's index were significantly higher in the group of patients whose facial expression was more severe. These findings suggest that mentala status have some relationship with the plasma level of opioid peptides (enkephalins) and immunologic functions, and that it may exert indirect effects on RA.
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PMID:[Psychosomatic medicine in rheumatoid arthritis]. 158 48

We report on the psychometric, polysomnographic, and neuroendocrine status of 12 subjects at high familial risk for psychiatric disorders and of 10 healthy subjects not at high risk. The psychometric measurements in the high-risk probands revealed an accentuated 'stress personality' pattern and an increased neuroticism score. Their all-night EEG sleep tended to be shallower than that of the control subjects (i.e., decreased sleep efficiency, more frequent awakenings, less slow-wave sleep), whereas they did not differ on REM sleep parameters. The challenge of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system with corticotropin-releasing hormone after pretreatment with dexamethasone yielded no differences in cortisol secretion between the groups. On an intraindividual level, however, all subjects at high risk except one were found to be conspicuous in at least one of the three states examined.
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PMID:Psychometric, polysomnographic, and neuroendocrine measures in subjects at high risk for psychiatric disorders: preliminary results. 207 34

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were investigated for relationships between the concentrations of various plasma opioid peptides (beta-endorphin (beta-end), methionine-enkephalin (Met-enk), leucine-enkephalin (Leu-enk) and the lymphocyte subsets, serum immunoglobulins, the patient's mood or emotion, and the RA activity. A mental state and patient mood were assessed by the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and the Face Scale. RA activity was expressed by Lansbury's index. The plasma Met-enk concentration was correlated significantly with the %Leu11+ and %Leu11+Leu7+ cells. The plasma Leu-enk concentration also correlated significantly with the %Leu2a+Leu15- cells. The plasma Leu-enk concentration and pain score were higher while the %Leu11+Leu7- cells was lower in proportion of the degree of neurosis of the RA patient as indicated by the CMI. The plasma Met-enk concentration, the %Leu2a+Leu15-, IgG, pain score and Lansbury's index were significantly higher in the group of RA patients whose facial expression was more severe. These findings suggest that enkephalins have some relationship with the patient's mood and immunologic functions, and that enkephalins have a possibility of exerting indirect effects on RA.
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PMID:[Opioid peptides in RA: modulation of immunologic mechanisms and mental states]. 214 Dec 49

Differences between physically active and sedentary men were tested by profile comparison. The study identifies the relative importance of circulating beta-endorphin (BE), atherosclerotic disease risk (ADR) index, and selected components of emotionality in discriminating between physically active and sedentary men. The subjects were psychologically normal and medically healthy middle-aged men. Jogging activity was the subject classification criterion. The data were collected on selected physiological (treadmill), biochemical (blood collected from resting subjects), and psychological (Eysenck and MMPI) variables. The physical fitness score (PFS) was used as an index of fitness. Physically active men with a high PFS (n = 21), when compared to the sedentary men with a low PFS (n = 15), exhibited lower basal plasma BE, lower ADR, lower anxiety index (AI), and lower MMPI depression score (D). Canonical correlation analysis showed that PFS and BE in one set were correlated with D and neuroticism (NS) in another set of variables. Discriminant function analysis showed that the AI was the most powerful discriminator between the physically active and sedentary men, followed by BE and NS. Interestingly, BE and NS exhibited the same magnitude of discrimination power. The ADR exhibited less discrimination power, relative to AI, BE, and NS. In conclusion, the physically active men, compared to the sedentary men in this study, exhibited lower basal plasma BE, which appeared to be associated with less atherosclerotic disease risk, less neuroticism, less anxiety, and less depression.
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PMID:Beta-endorphin and components of emotionality discriminate between physically active and sedentary men. 252 21

The authors present the results of determinations of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the plasma carried out before and after pinpoint receptor stimulation (prs) that is acupuncture in patients with long-standing pain. No significant differences were observed in this immunoreactivity after prs, and the clinical analgesic effect was independent of the level of this immunoreactivity and its changes during these procedures. On the other hand, a positive correlation was demonstrated between plasma beta-endorphin concentration and the neuroticism index as evaluated by Eysenck's personality inventory. The reliability of this observation requires, however, confirmation in a greater material.
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PMID:[Beta endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the blood of patients with chronic pain treated by pinpoint receptor stimulation (acupuncture)]. 609 39

Using a diagnostic kit N.E.N. (USA) the authors investigated beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the plasma of young, healthy subjects. It was found that the level of beta-endorphin determined in this way in 10 subjects ranged from 15 to 120 pgml-1 and showed relatively constant values in two determinations carried out at an interval of one hour. Psychological tests showed that subjects with low beta-endorphin level had a low neuroticism index and extra-version, while in the subjects with high beta-endorphin level the neuroticism index was high and introversion features were more prevalent. After application of a painful stimulus (ischaemic test) the level of beta-endorphin changed in most subjects increasing or decreasing. The comparison of the differences in the levels of beta-endorphin immediately before and after the test for pain tolerance suggests that the higher was this difference the lower was pain tolerance and conversely.
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PMID:[Plasma beta-endorphins under the effect of pain stimulus. Preliminary report]. 741 89

Objective. To study the relationship between personality type and variation of plasma peptides in pilots with neurosis. Method. A case-control study was used. 124 male pilots were evaluated with Eysenck's personality checklist, and then level of certain plasma peptides, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and angiotensin-II (A-II) were determined. Result. There were significant difference in personality characteristics and personality types between pilots with neuroses and the control. The contents of VIP and beta-EP in plasma showed visible difference between disease group and control. Content of beta-EP in those with inner-unstable type personality was lowest among all the various types. Conclusion. Personality characteristics were different between pilots with neurosis and controls. Levels of VIP and beta-EP in disease group were lower than those in the control. Different personality types had different levels of beta-EP in pilots with neurosis.
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PMID:[A control study of personality characteristics and variation of plasma peptide in pilots with neurosis]. 1188 97

Temperament and personality traits such as neuroticism and behavioral inhibition are prospective predictors of the onset of depression and anxiety disorders. Exposure to stress is also linked to the development of these disorders, and neuroticism and inhibition may confer or reflect sensitivity to stressors. Several lines of research have documented hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in some patients with major depression, as well as in children and non-human primates with inhibited temperaments. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that stress-reactive temperaments would be predictive of plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations in the dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone (Dex/CRH) test. Sixty adults completed diagnostic interviews and questionnaires assessing the temperament domains of novelty seeking and harm avoidance and symptoms of anxiety and depression. All subjects were free of any current or past Axis I psychiatric disorder. The Dex/CRH test was performed on a separate visit. A repeated-measures general linear model (GLM) showed a main effect of harm avoidance in predicting cortisol concentrations in the test (F(1, 58)=4.86, p<.05). The GLM for novelty seeking and cortisol response also showed a main effect (F(1, 58)=5.28, p<.05). Higher cortisol concentrations were associated with higher levels of harm avoidance and lower levels of novelty seeking. A significant interaction of time with harm avoidance and novelty seeking (F(4, 53)=3.37, p<.05) revealed that participants with both high levels of harm avoidance and low levels of novelty seeking had the highest cortisol responses to the Dex/CRH test. Plasma ACTH concentrations did not differ as a function of temperament. The results indicate that temperament traits linked to sensitivity to negative stimuli are associated with greater cortisol reactivity during the Dex/CRH test. Increased adrenocortical reactivity, which previously has been linked to major depression and anxiety disorders, may contribute to the association between temperament/personality traits and these disorders.
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PMID:Cortisol and ACTH responses to the Dex/CRH test: influence of temperament. 1829 37

The mechanisms of action for selective serotonin re-uptake in-hibitors (SSRI) in depressed patients remain widely unknown. The serotonergic neurotransmitter system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system may interact. Further, the serotonergic neurotransmitter system seems closely linked to personality and cognition. It is not known if SSRIs have a direct effect on the HPA system, personality or cognition that is independent of their effect on depression. Thus, healthy individuals with a genetic liability for depression represent a group of particular interest when investigating if intervention with SSRIs affects these potential biomarkers. SSRIs may affect these potential biomarkers in depressed patients, but it is unclear if the effect is directly on the biomarkers or is secondary to the effect of SSRIs on depressive symptoms. It has newer been tested whether an intervention with a SSRI has a beneficial effect on these potential biomarkers in healthy individuals with a genetic liability for depression. The aim of the thesis was by an experimental medicine blinded controlled trial, to investigate if long-term intervention with SSRI versus placebo decreases cortisol response in the dexamethasone corticotropin-releasing hormone (DEX-CRH) test in healthy first-degree relatives to patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Further, to test the hypothesis that a SSRI may reduce neuroticism in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with MDD. Finally, to test whether SSRI enhance cognitive function in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with MDD. Eighty healthy first-degree relatives to patients with MDD were randomised to receive escitalopram 10 mg versus matching pla-cebo daily for four weeks in a blinded trial. The primary outcome measure was the intervention difference in the change of the total area under the curve (CorAUCtotal) for plasma cortisol in the DEX-CRH test at entry to after four weeks of intervention. The secondary outcomes were a) change in self-reported neuroticism scores on the 240-items Revised Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness-Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the 101-items Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPQ) at entry to after four weeks of intervention and b) the change in the general cognition score, which was the standardised mean of 13 cognitive test measures. Change in CorAUCtotal showed no statically significant difference between the escitalopram and the placebo group, p = 0.47. Fur-ther, escitalopram did not significantly affect self-reported neu-roticism compared with placebo, NEO-PI-R (p = 0.09) and EPQ (p = 0.73). Finally, mean change in the general cognition score was not significantly increased with escitalopram compared with placebo, (p = 0.37). In univariate analyses, no statistically significant correlations were found between change in the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively, and the covariates age, sex, Hamilton depression score 17-items, and plasma escitalopram levels. In conclusion, the present trial does not support an effect of escitalopram 10 mg daily compared with placebo on the HPA-axis, neuroticism and cognitive function in healthy first-degree relatives to patients with MDD.
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PMID:The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with major depressive disorder - an experimental medicine blinded controlled trial. 2245 24


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