Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01189 (beta-endorphin)
 21,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight ovarian heterologous Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors containing gastrointestinal-type cells, including two tumors that contained carcinoids, were stained for argyrophilia and argentaffinity; in addition, these specimens were stained by immunohistocytochemical techniques for the demonstration of chromogranin, serotonin, and a variety of peptide hormones. Intestinal- and gastric-type epithelial and carcinoid cells within the tumors were focally argyrophilic and chromogranin-positive, but only intestinal-type epithelial and carcinoid cells contained argentaffin granules, serotonin, and corticotropin. Somatostatin, gastrin, neurotensin, and glucagon were demonstrated additionally in varying numbers of specimens containing intestinal-type epithelium and carcinoid, and somatostatin was present in gastric-type epithelium in one case. Staining for calcitonin and insulin was negative. Despite the frequent identification of serotonin and peptide hormones in the tumors in the present series, evidence of the carcinoid syndrome or syndromes associated with peptide hormone excess was lacking on review of the patients' records.
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PMID:Ovarian heterologous Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors with gastrointestinal-type epithelium. An immunohistochemical analysis. 375 27

The endocrinological, radiological, surgical, and pathological experience with 34 consecutive patients operated on for Cushing's disease is presented. Preoperative endocrine evaluation demonstrated that 19 patients had "typical" endocrine patterns for pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent hypercortisolism and 11 had "atypical" testing. Pituitary pathology was found in 95% of the patients with typical preoperative endocrine testing but in only 55% of those with atypical testing. Eight of 34 preoperative computerized tomography scans demonstrated tumors, which correlated in all instances with the surgical findings. Microadenomas were removed from 25 patients, 22 of whom achieved postoperative remission of endocrine symptoms. Macroadenomas were found in three patients, only one of whom achieved remission after surgery. One patient had removal of an adenoma in the pharyngeal pituitary, and in another an ectopic lung carcinoid was excised; both of these patients were in postoperative remission. Four patients underwent transsphenoidal exploration but no definitive explanation was found for their hypercortisolism; these patients were not in remission. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on every specimen and all tumors showed excessive ACTH-secreting cells. A new rapid stain of the fibrovascular stroma is described.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of Cushing's disease. 380 3

A morphologic, histochemical, and immunocytochemical study of 20 cases of pure gastrointestinal carcinoids, adenocarcinomas, and mixed neoplasms composed of both elements, so-called composite carcinoma-carcinoid tumors (CCC), was undertaken in order to correlate the morphologic patterns with the immunocytochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serotonin, and a battery of polypeptide hormones (calcitonin, glucagon, insulin, gastrin, somatostatin, and adrenocorticotropin [ACTH]). Paraffin sections from five pure carcinoids, seven pure adenocarcinomas, and eight CCC from the stomach, small bowel, appendix, and colon were studied with mucicarmine, silver impregnation stains, and a peroxidase-anti-peroxidase technic. Of the eight CCC, all were mucin positive, four were argyrophilic, and three were argentaffin positive. CEA was present in all eight, serotonin in seven, and calcitonin in one. No other neurohormonal peptides were demonstrated. The distribution of serotonin and CEA generally corresponded to the morphologic pattern, but discordance was observed in two cases, i.e., serotonin was not always localized to areas of carcinoid and CEA not always confined to areas of carcinoma. All five pure carcinoids demonstrated intracytoplasmic localization of serotonin, whereas none contained intracytoplasmic CEA. In two cases, CEA was present within acinar lumens only. The seven colonic adenocarcinomas were argyrophil and argentaffin negative. All contained CEA within the cytoplasm and in gland lumens. None contained serotonin. None of the neurohormonal peptides was localized in either pure adenocarcinomas or carcinoids. This study reveals that among gastrointestinal neoplasms displaying morphologic patterns of adenocarcinoma and carcinoid, immunocytochemical localization of CEA and serotonin confirms their bidirectional differentiation and justifies the designation "composite carcinoma-carcinoid."
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PMID:Composite carcinoma-carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. A morphologic, histochemical, and immunocytochemical study. 389 86

We report a case of mammary intracystic papillary carcinoma occurring in a 75-year-old man. The tumor was present on the left pectoral area for five years. Grossly, the neoplasm was a cystic structure 10 cm in diameter, with multiple intramural filiform papillae and small foci of cyst wall invasion. By transmission electron microscopy the tumor cells had the normal complement of organelles and also multiple electron-dense, membrane-bound secretory granules. These granules were also demonstrated with multiple stains for argyrophilia and with periodic acid-Schiff. Immunoperoxidase stains were negative for neuron-specific enolase, S100 protein, vasoactive intestinal peptide, corticotropin, calcitonin, lactalbumin, and bombesin, and positive for human heart factor (myoepithelial cells) and carcinoembryonic antigen. We believe that this rare neoplasm represents a variant of mammary adenocarcinoma and not a neuroendocrine (carcinoid) neoplasm.
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PMID:Intracystic papillary carcinoma of the male breast. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. 389 93

Carcinoid tumors of the thymus gland have occasionally been associated with endocrine hyperfunction. A case of thymic carcinoid was initially observed as Cushing's syndrome and was also associated with marked hyperpigmentation. While the hyperpigmentation may be related to the excessively high levels of corticotropin, it is also possible that thymic carcinoids could produce melanocyte-stimulating hormone-like (or beta-lipotropin) material.
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PMID:Thymic carcinoid with cutaneous hyperpigmentation. 397

A case of bronchial carcinoid tumor with ectopic corticotropin production is described. Cushing's syndrome refractory to therapy, including pituitary irradiation and hypophysectomy, had been present for 12 years before the neoplasm was discovered at autopsy. The tumor was a small nodule localized in the pulmonary parenchyma and an adjacent hilar lymph node. Corticotropin, serotonin, and neuron-specific enolase were localized in the neoplasm by immunoperoxidase staining.
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PMID:Cushing's syndrome produced by a bronchial carcinoid tumor. 608 84

An endocrine pancreatic tumour that had not caused any endocrine symptoms was examined by histological, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic techniques. The majority of the tumour cells were argentaffin and contained secretory granules of the enterochromaffin cell type. Immunocytochemically a minority of tumour cells reacted to antisera against beta-endorphin, met- and leu-enkephalin, gastrin, somatostatin and ACTH. The tumour was thus multihormonal, and appeared to be more closely related to the classic Carcinoid tumours of the mid-gut than to most pancreatic endocrine tumours.
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PMID:Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy of an argentaffin endocrine tumour of the pancreas. 611 99

A series of 25 apudomas of the gastrointestinal tract (22 cases), bronchus (2 cases), and thymus (1 case) were subjected to staining with silver impregnation (Masson-Fontana and Grimelius) techniques and with the commercial immunoperoxidase kits for the peptide hormones adrenocorticotropin, calcitonin, gastrin, glucagon, growth hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), insulin, somatostatin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. Of the tumors studied, 16 were regarded as malignant, and 5 of the patients showed clinical symptoms due to inappropriate hormone secretion. A total of 16 tumors contained cells positive for 1 or more (6 were multihormonal) of the hormones studied. One bronchial carcinoid stained for hCG, which has not been previously reported. In addition, one of the rectal carcinoids contained somatostatin-positive cells, only once described previously. The thymic tumor proved frankly malignant, most probably identical to the oat-cell carcinoma recently described. The findings also substantiate the recent suggestion that gastrointestinal carcinoids cannot be adequately classified on the basis of silver stains only and strongly advocate the use of the immunoperoxidase kits in routine assessments of all the endocrinologically active tumors, whatever their localization might be.
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PMID:Stainability of the peptide hormones in gastrointestinal apudomas as demonstrated by immunoperoxidase kits. 614 78

A total of 87 surgical cases of gastric carcinoma including 3 carcinoid tumors were investigated with the methods of silver reaction and immunoperoxidase stain for 8 different brain-gut hormones. Argyrophil (AP) cells were demonstrated in 38 cases (44%), argentaffin (AF) cells in 18 (21%) and endocrine cells in 13 (14%). The occurrence of endocrine cells had no relation with histological types. Glicentin cells were demonstrated in 10 cases, somatostatin in 7, motilin in 3, beta-endorphin in 2 and gastrin in one. Endocrine cells appeared generally in small numbers except one carcinoid tumor which had numerous somatostatin cells. No single cell positive for more than two kinds of hormones could be demonstrated. Two undifferentiated carcinomas looking like carcinoid tumors had argyrophil cells and endocrine cells of either somatostatin or beta-endorphin. These results suggest that carcinoid-like carcinoma or endocrine cell carcinoma may lie on the intermediate state between carcinoma and carcinoid tumor.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of brain-gut hormones in gastric carcinoma with relation to argyrophil cells. 614 33

Two types of endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells have been detected histochemically and ultrastructurally in normal and hyperplastic prostates; i.e. type I cells resembling intestinal EC (enterochromaffin) cells and type 2 cells similar to urethral EP cells previously reported by Casanova et al. (1974). About one-third of the 40 prostatic carcinomas studied contained EP cells: two of these were composite tumours exhibiting both adenocarcinomatous and carcinoid patterns. These four tumours have also been studied histochemically and ultrastructurally. ACTH and beta-endorphin immunoreactive cells, ultrastructurally resembling pituitary corticotrophic cells, have been identified in three tumours. Cells identical with type I and type 2 cells of the normal prostate were detected in two cases and in a further case, respectively.
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PMID:The endocrine component of prostatic carcinomas, mixed adenocarcinoma-carcinoid tumours and non-tumour prostate. Histochemical and ultrastructural identification of the endocrine cells. 616 91


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