Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a manifestation of clinico pathological entity encephalo-myelo-neuropathy associated with anti-neuronal antibodies type 1 (ANNA-1 also called anti-Hu). Isolated PLE is rare. We reported a case of PLE in a 61-year-old heavy smoker man. An inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome was associated. Cranial MRI showed hyperintensity in amygdalo-hippocampic regions on T2 weighted sequences which appeared hypointense on T1-weighted sequences without gadolinium enhancement. Anti-Hu antibodies were absent in serum and in CSF. Despite chemotherapy, he died 18 months after disease onset. Our patient presented PLE without myelonouropathy and without ANNA-1 which suggests a different immunopathology.
 ...
PMID:[Limbic encephalitis and SIADH revealing small-cell anaplastic lung cancer: MRI and immunologic findings]. 977 88

The incidence of diabetes insipidus secondary to Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) varies among different reports, ranging from 9.5 to 50%, but it has never been reported in literature in Taiwan. Therefore, we presented a case suffering from polyuria, polydipsia, body weight loss for more than one year and seborreic dermatitis-like skin lesions over the scalp and trunk for more than two years. Her body weight and body length were both less than 3 percentile. Fluid restriction and vasopressin test were performed to differentiate nephrogenic from neurogenic diabetes insipidus. Skin biopsy revealed picture of LCH and LCH with complete central diabetes insipidus was diagnosed. Brain MRI and other laboratory examinations were all within normal limits. She received nasal DDAVP treatment and chemotherapy with TPOG-H 94 protocol. After 3 months treatment, her skin lesions disappeared and daily urine amount returned to normal range.
 ...
PMID:Diabetes insipidus in Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: report of a case. 1037 74

A 68 year old woman with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is described, who neither showed characteristic EEG abnormalities nor a positive test of the neuronal protein 14-3-3 or neuron specific enolase (NSE) in CSF, despite a clinical presentation with ataxia of cerebellar type, rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, and marked hyperintense signal abnormalities in the deep cortical layers and the basal ganglia on T2 and diffusion weighted MRI. Moreover she showed atypical clinical features with a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion (SIADH) and a peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Whether these disturbances are independent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or a feature of it is discussed. It has recently been shown that in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease different clinical and pathological phenotypes correlate with the polymorphism at codon 129 of the prion protein gene (PRNP) and the type of the protease resistant fragment that accumulates in the brain. According to the new classification at least six sporadic variants of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease exist. The molecular genetic analysis showed heterozygosity of PRNP at codon 129 for methionine and valine and the presence of PrP(CJD) type 2 in the brain of this patient. As a new feature of changes on MRI, striking cortical changes of hyperintense signals are described in diffusion weighted as well as T2 weighted MRI that directly correlate with the histomorphological spongy degeneration of the brain in this region. In cases of rapidly progressive dementia, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease always needs to be considered even if unusual features are present and current diagnostic criteria are not in favour of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical range and MRI in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with heterozygosity at codon 129 and prion protein type 2. 1051 81

A 37-year-old male patient with a diffuse pleomorphic B-cell-lymphoma, which has been diagnosed two month earlier with the primary site at the pterygopalatine fossa on both sides with infiltration of the clivus and cavernous sinus was referred to our hospital for continuation of the third course of CHOP chemotherapy. At admission he reported about a recent history of painful swallowing and intermittent substernal chest pain. Alleviation of the pain on swallowing and the chest pain was apparently only possible by drinking 10 to 15 l of cold coca cola throughout the day and night, a regimen that resulted in polyuria. Physical examination revealed extensive thrush stomatitis and soor esophagitis. Despite successful treatment with fluconazole, polydipsia continued unabated. The classic osmotic test of dehydration and exogenous vasopressin revealed hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (DI). Basal hormones and stimulated endocrine function tests of the adenohypophysis were found to be normal. MRI-scan revealed lymphoma infiltration of the neurohypophysis. After the third course of CHOP chemotherapy the patient surprisingly recovered completely from his excessive thirst. The present report shows that clinical disorders such as thrush stomatitis can mask diabetes insipidus caused by an early relapsing lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Diabetes insipidus in a patient with a highly malignant B-cell lymphoma and stomatitis. 1096 68

To report an unusual case of leukemia presenting as both bilateral exudative retinal detachment (ERD) and central diabetes insipidus (DI), we evaluate the clinical hematological records including bone marrow aspirations and CSF tapping, both osmolarity and electrolytes concentration of the serum and urine, brain MRI, fundus photographs and fluorescein angiographs in this 25-year-old female patient. Examinations of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML-M0). Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed bilateral ERD, dense choroidal leukemia cell infiltration with overlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and focal areas of choroidal infarction. Changes in both osmolarity and electrolytes concentration of the serum and urine from vasopressin test supported the diagnosis of central DI. Central DI and ERD may be presenting signs of acute leukemia and both may represent CNS involvement. In our case, dense choroidal leukemic cell infiltration results in devitalization of RPE and choroidal infarction. Leukemic disruption of hypothalamic pituitary area may lead to complete or partial deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Rapid improvement in visual acuity and partial symptom relief of DI may ensue from appropriate chemotherapy and nasal DDAVP (1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) supply.
 ...
PMID:Acute leukemia presenting as diabetes insipidus and bilateral exudative retinal detachment--a case report. 1148 47

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of the water retaining ability of the organism. It is a polydipsic-polyuric syndrome caused by partial or complete vasopressin deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) or vasopressin resistance of the kidney tubules (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) or increased water intake due to oversensitivity of the thirst centre (dipsogenic diabetes insipidus = primary polydipsia). The pathogenetic factors may affect the osmoreceptors, the vasopressinergic magnocellular nuclei of the hypothalamus, the median eminence, the pituitary stalk, the vasopressin release from the neurohypophysis, the vasopressin inactivating mechanisms and the renal structures mediating the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin. In the evaluation of the results of the diagnostic procedures, it is to be considered that long-term overhydration of any origin suppresses the vasopressin secretion and the "washout" effect of the long-term water-diuresis decreases the concentration gradient of the renal medulla leading to blunted sensitivity towards vasopressin. This is, why the differential diagnostics of central, nephrogenic and dipsogenic diabetes insipidus seems sometimes to be enigmatic. Central diabetes insipidus can be excluded only on the basis of proportional parallel increase of plasma osmolality and plasma vasopressin level. Similarly, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus will be excluded when plasma vasopressin increases proportionately with the increase of urinary osmolality. In equivocal cases T1-weighted MRI of the pituitary may be of help in the establishment of an exact diagnosis. As far as possible, the therapy is to be focused on the diabetes insipidus evoking basal diseases. In central diabetes insipidus, diuresis can be decreased by vasopressin substitution. The first choice compound for this purpose is 1-desamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin. The non-vasopressin containing oral antidiuretics have become outdated in the treatment of central diabetes insipidus. There is no specific treatment for nephrogenic and dipsogenic diabetes insipidus, so far. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can be influenced by non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents or diuretics. Their combined administration is even more effective, however, still does not exceed a 50-percent mitigation in diuresis.
 ...
PMID:[Diabetes insipidus: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy]. 1252 Aug 52

A 52-year-old man presented with vomiting, general fatigue and hyponatremia. His symptoms and signs were consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Endocrine studies revealed hypopituitarism and administration of hydrocortisone resulted in a marked polyuria. The patient was diagnosed as masked diabetes insipidus. The lymphocytic hypophysitis was also diagnosed on the basis of MRI findings and anti-pituitary antibody. Six months later, these abnormalities disappeared. Diabetes insipidus may exist in a case of hyponatremia due to contrastive SIADH. Such patients may recover spontaneously and careful follow-up is required, avoiding a long-term treatment by monotonous continuation of hormonal replacement.
 ...
PMID:Transient lymphocytic panhypophysitis associated with SIADH leading to diabetes insipidus after glucocorticoid replacement. 1460

We report a 14-year-old girl in whom a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma was confirmed while receiving growth hormone (GH) for GH deficiency, detected after presenting with short stature. MRI revealed an enhancing and thickened pituitary stalk with absence of the normal bright signal in the posterior pituitary. Regular MRI surveillance detected progression of the neurohypophyseal changes 13 months into GH treatment. Biopsy confirmed this to be B-cell large cell lymphoma. This case highlights the diagnostic and management challenges inherent in treating such children.
 ...
PMID:Pituitary stalk thickening and primary central nervous system lymphoma. 1507 72

We describe a 4 year-old boy with hypothalamic dysfunction and weight loss, attributed to psychosocial deprivation. Reduced intensity of the posterior pituitary bright signal (PPBS) on MRI, associated with a normal urinary concentrating ability, was documented in the 24 hours prior to the development of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and severe hyponatraemia. The PPBS was normal on MRI 2 months later, following weight gain and resolution of the other hypothalamic abnormalities. This report shows that the abnormalities of ADH associated with decreased intensity of the PPBS include increased secretion and abnormal regulation as well as ADH deficiency. The association of osmotically unregulated ADH secretion with undernutrition and stress suggests that particuar caution should be used when fluid intake in such children is not driven by thirst.
 ...
PMID:Transient reduction in the posterior pituitary bright signal preceding water intoxication in a malnourished child. 1550 86

Our purpose was to determine the pituitary gland signal of premature neonates and infants. We retrospectively measured, in a midline sagittal T1-weighted MRI scan, the pituitary signal of 121 premature infants (mean gestational age: 32.8 weeks, mean chronological age: 6.9 months, mean corrected age: 5.2 months). The relative signal intensity of the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis was measured as (A-V)/V and (P-V)/V, respectively (where A, P, V are the mean signal intensities of the adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis and vermis white matter, respectively). On visual inspection the adenohypophysis was rated relative to the vermis white matter (VWM) and scored as hyperintense (grade 3), isointense (grade 2) and hypointense (grade 1). (A-V)/V and (P-V)/V had a negative correlation with chronological age (r=-0.38, r=-0.35, respectively, P<0.01) and corrected age (r=-0.42, r=-0.40, respectively, P<0.01). The (A-V)/V was different in the three grade groups; significant difference was found between grades 3 and 2 and grades 3 and 1. The adenohypophysis was bright in 93% of babies under 2 months of chronological age. In five babies of mean gestational age 29.1 weeks a hyperintense adenohypophysis was observed at 2.9-3.7 months of chronological age (corrected age 0.37-2 months). We conclude that in pre-term babies the adenohypophysis appears in hypersignal that may persist up to 2 months of corrected age. The adenohypophyseal and neurohypophyseal signals decrease with age.
 ...
PMID:Pituitary gland signal in pre-term infants during the first year of life: an MRI study. 1555 Oct 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>