Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Effects of various hypophyseal, placental, hypophysiotropic, and steroid hormones on ovipositor elongation and ovulation were investigated using the mature female rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus. Mammalian LH and HCG were effective at high doses whereas mammalian prolactin, FSH, ACTH, TSH, and neurohypophyseal hormones were ineffective. Synthetic LH-RH had some effects at very high doses. Fish pituitary extracts were much more potent than mammalian gonadotropins and a dose-response curve of elongation was obtained. This suggests that the ovipositor test is a good bioassay for fish gonadotropin. Some C21-steroids, especially 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxy-20 beta-dihydroprogesterone, also had prominent effects on ovipositor elongation, indicating the effects of gonadotropins may be via some C21-steroids. Hypophysectomy did not affect the sensitivity to gonadotropin but somewhat reduced the response to steroid. The relationship between the activity of steroids and their structure is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Dec
PMID:Effects of hypophyseal, placental, hypophysiotropic, and steroid hormones on ovipositor elongation and ovulation in the rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus. 636 84

The neurohypophysial hormones of the quokka wallaby (Setonix brachyurus) have been isolated through preparative high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). One oxytocin-like and two vasopressin-like peptides have been found. These peptides have been characterized by their amino acid composition and by their retention time in HPLC. Mesotocin ([I1e8]-oxytocin) has been identified by amino acid composition, polar partition chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography with a reversed phase column, and pharmacological properties. Lysine vasopressin and phenypressin ([Phe2]-arginine vasopressin) have been characterized by amino acid composition, ion-exchange chromatography, and high pressure liquid chromatography. Lysine vasopressin is about twice as abundant as phenypressin. These three peptides have previously been found in three species belonging to the genus Macropus, namely the red kangaroo, the Eastern gray kangaroo, and the tammar wallaby; they are therefore current in the family Macropodidae. Comparison with other native Australian mammals is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Aug
PMID:Marsupial neurohypophysial hormones: identification of mesotocin, lysine vasopressin, and phenypressin in the quokka wallaby (Setonix brachyurus). 661 61

Extracts of cerebral and pleuro-pedal ganglia from two terrestrial slugs, Ariolimax columbianus and Limax maximus, and from the marine opisthobranch, Aplysia californica, contain immunoreactivity resembling that of a vasotocin or vasopressin. Radioimmunoassays using several antisera indicate that the immunoreactivity is not due to vasotocin, vasopressin, or any other known naturally occurring neurohypophyseal peptide. Immunoreactivity of extracts on a relatively nonspecific vasopressin antiserum is well correlated with activity on antidiuretic assays on rats. Both immunoreactivity and antidiuretic activity are adsorbed onto bovine neurophysin affinity columns. Thus these extracts contain one or more peptides that closely resemble the vertebrate antidiuretic hormones, vasotocin and vasopressin, both immunologically and pharmacologically. The amounts of immunoreactivity and antidiuretic activity in ganglion extracts do not appear to change during dehydration and rehydration. Although both ganglionic extracts and vasotocin stimulate exudation of fluid across the slug body wall, the present experiments provide no evidence that the vasotocin-like material(s) in these ganglia may participate as neurotransmitters or hormones in the regulation of fluid balance. This remains an attractive hypothesis.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 Apr
PMID:Immunological and biological characteristics of the vasotocin-like activity in the head ganglia of gastropod molluscs. 672 97

Using the methods described in the preceding paper (Levine et al., 1984) for measuring the magnitude of the water-permeable barriers in series with the luminal membrane, we correct measured values of Pd(w) in bladders stimulated with low doses of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or 8-bromo cyclic AMP to obtain their true values in the luminal membrane. Simultaneously, we also determine Pf. We thus are able to calculate Pf/Pd(w) for the hormone-induced water permeation pathway in the luminal membrane. Our finding is that Pf/Pd(w) approximately equal to 17. Two channel models consistent both with this value and the impermeability of the ADH-induced water permeation pathway to small nonelectrolytes are: (a) a long (approximately equal to 50 A), small-radius (approximately equal to 2 A) pore through which 17 water molecules pass in single-file array, and (b) a shower-head-like structure in which the stem is long and of large radius (approximately equal to 20 A) and the cap has numerous short, small-radius (approximately equal to 2 A) pores. A third possibility is that whereas the selective permeability to H2O results from small-radius (approximately equal to 2 A) pores, the large value of Pf/Pd(w) arises from their location in the walls of long tubular vesicles (approximately 2 micron in length and 0.1 micron in diameter) that are functionally part of the luminal membrane after having fused with it. Aggregate-containing tubular vesicles of these dimensions have been reported to fuse with the luminal membrane in response to ADH stimulation and have been implicated in the ADH-induced hydroosmotic response.
J Gen Physiol 1984 Apr
PMID:The water permeability of toad urinary bladder. II. The value of Pf/Pd(w) for the antidiuretic hormone-induced water permeation pathway. 672 74

The plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration and the kidney medulla responsiveness to vasopressin were measured in adult jerboas ( Jaculus orientalis) in different states of hydration. In 15 jerboas adapted to 30 degrees and fed a dry diet, the average ADH concentration in blood plasma was 479 +/- 59 pg/ml, as measured by a radioimmunoassay. About 6 hr after receiving a 5% body wt water load by gavage, the plasma ADH concentration fell to 130 +/- 30 pg/ml in the 5 jerboas still producing hypertonic urine (1022 +/- 267 mosmol/liter) and to 41.5 +/- 8.4 pg/ml in the 6 jerboas producing hypoosmotic urine (157 +/- 6 mosmol/liter). In vitro biochemical experiments were performed on the kidney medullas from two groups of 5 jerboas fed a dry diet (group I) or a water-enriched diet (group II), respectively, for 4 to 7 weeks. Compared to group II, group I animals exhibited (a) higher plasma ADH values, 372 +/- 86 versus 76 +/- 25 pg/ml; (b) higher urine osmolarities (3817 +/- 638 versus 647 +/- 90 mosmol/liter); (c) some decrease in [3H]lysine-vasopressin (LVP) binding capacity to kidney membrane fractions (maximal binding: 0.4 versus 0.6 pmol [3H]LVP bound/mg protein); d) decreased adenylate cyclase responses to arginine-vasopressin, lysine-vasopressin, and oxytocin in kidney membrane fractions; and (e) weaker adenylate cyclase responses to arginine-vasopressin in microdissected pieces of the medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. The values found for (a) the dissociation constant of [3H]lysine-vasopressin binding to membranes (KD); (b) adenylate cyclase sensitivity to the three neurohypophyseal hormones (KA); and (c) adenylate cyclase sensitivity to arginine-vasopressin (KA) in medullary collecting tubules and medullary thick ascending limbs are similar in the two groups of jerboas and roughly comparable to those previously reported for the rat kidney medulla. The reduced maximal adenylate cyclase responses to vasopressin in the jerboas fed a dry diet might indicate some physiological "down regulation" of the number of vasopressin-specific receptors in the kidney as a result of the huge ADH concentration present in blood plasma under these conditions. However, this desensitization is not sufficient to account for the production of hypoosmotic urine in spite of the relatively high ADH plasma levels which persisted after acute overhydration.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 May
PMID:Plasma antidiuretic hormone levels and kidney responsiveness to vasopressin in the jerboa, Jaculus orientalis. 673 46

The application of cell culture techniques to the study of epithelial transport function is illustrated by the renal-derived MDCK system. MDCK cells display a typical epithelial morphology with an asymmetric localisation of the (Na+-K+)-ATPase to the lateral interspace membranes. Transepithelial ion transport is observed (using cell monolayers grown on permeable millipore filters clamped into standard Ussing chambers) which is sensitive to hormonal stimulation by adrenaline, exogenous ATP, PGE1, vasopressin and aldosterone. The development of epithelial characteristics in culture is discussed.
Gen Pharmacol 1982
PMID:Cultured monolayers of MDCK cells: a novel model system for the study of epithelial development and function. 675 30

1. The renal vascular responses to the peptide hormones angiotensin II (ANG II), arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and bradykinin (BK) were studied in anaesthetized rats with flow-meter techniques. The contribution of prostaglandins (PG) to their renal vascular effects was assessed with the aid of the PG-synthesis inhibitor indomethacin. 2. ANG II and AVP induced a dose-dependent increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR). The renal vasoconstrictor effects of both peptides were significantly augmented in rats pretreated with indomethacin. Indomethacin alone induced an increase in RVR, but not in mesenteric vascular resistance (MVR). 3. BK in low doses (1 micrograms/kg . min) tended to decrease RVR but increased RVR in high doses (20 micrograms/kg . min). MVR was reduced after all doses. The renal vasoconstrictor effect of BK was not affected by the ANG II-antagonist saralasin but almost completely blocked by indomethacin. 4. These results suggest that in the rat, as in other animal species and in man, renal PG's attenuate the renal effects of vasoconstrictor hormones such as ANG II and AVP. Although it has no such effect in other species. BK in high doses induces renal vasoconstriction in the rat, which appears also to be mediated by PG's. This response might be peculiar to the rat, since PG's act as renal vasodilators in other species.
Gen Pharmacol 1983
PMID:Renal vascular effects of angiotensin II, arginine-vasopressin and bradykinin in rats: interactions with prostaglandins. 682 26

The neurohypophysial hormones of the eastern gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) have been isolated through molecular sieving and paper chromatoelectrophoresis. One oxytocin-like and two vasopressin-like peptides have been found. These peptides have been characterized by amino acid analysis. Mesotocin ([Ile8]-oxytocin), has been identified both by amino acid composition and by behavior in partition chromatography. Lysine vasopressin has been characterized by amino acid composition and by partial amino acid sequence determination. Phenypressin ([Phe2]-arginine vasopressin) has been identified by amino acid composition. Lysine vasopressin is about twice as abundant as phenypressin. These three peptides have previously been identified in two other macropodids, namely, the red kangaroo and the tammar wallaby, and seem to be present in all the family Macropodidae. The evolution of neurohypophysial hormones is discussed in regard to these results.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Jan
PMID:Identification of mesotocin, lysine vasopressin, and phenypressin in the eastern gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus). 682 50

Decreasing hematocrit values were observed in chick embryos, from Day 17 to 1 day posthatching. Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and mesotocin (MT) were determined radioimmunologically in serum, neural lobe, and hypothalamic tissue. Serum levels of AVT and MT were significantly increased on Day 18 of incubation compared to Day 17. Thereafter AVT levels decreased, reaching at hatching levels even below Day 17. Serum MT remained elevated on Day 19, but decreased thereafter to the concentration values of Day 17. The amount of AVT in the preoptic hypothalamus and infundibulum was maximal on Day 19, whereas in the neural lobe the maximum was attained on Day 20. The MT content of the infundibulum and neural lobe reached a maximum plateau on Day 18. These results suggest that a stimulation of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal axis in the chick embryo occurs at the end of incubation. A possible causal relation with the observed decreasing hematocrit values is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Jun
PMID:The presence of vasotocin and mesotocin in serum and the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal axis of chick embryos before hatching and in posthatch chicks. 688 49

Nine articles published since January 1992 on new methods of evaluating hepatic function are reviewed. These articles described the clinical significance of blood levels of cytokines, fibrin- or fibrinogen-related antigens, vitronectin, and endothelin, and of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, methionine metabolism, vasopressin clearance, vascular compliance, and radioreceptor imaging in gastroenterology. None of the methods have yet been applied to surgery. In addition, the redox theory, the evaluation of hepatic mitochondrial redox potential by arterial ketone body ratio and its clinical application, is introduced, and recent publications on the assessment of graft viability in liver transplantation and preoperative hepatic functional reserve in liver surgery based on the theory are reviewed.
Curr Opin Gen Surg 1994
PMID:Evaluation of hepatic function. 758 58


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