Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Clinical Trials described in this article were presented at the Hotline and Clinical Trial Update Sessions of the European Society of Cardiology Congress held in September 2007 in Vienna, Austria. The sessions chosen for this article represent the scope of interest of Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. The presentations should be considered preliminary, as further analyses could alter the final publication of the results of these studies. PROSPECT evaluated echocardiographic criteria for optimal selection of patients with moderate to severe heart failure who may benefit from cardiac resynchronisation therapy, however concluded that no single echocardiographic measure can be recommended. EVEREST found that tolvaptan, a vasopressin V(2) antagonist, resulted in early weight reduction and improvement of dyspnoea in patients with acute heart failure, but lacked long term improvement. In ARISE, the anti-oxidant succinobucal did not affect the primary outcome in high risk cardiovascular patients, but improved the combination of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke, and diabetic control in diabetics. ALOFT showed that the addition of the renin inhibitor aliskiren to an ACE inhibitor or ARB and a beta-blocker leads to favourable effects on neurohormonal actions in heart failure. FINESSE markedly improved coronary patency before PCI with half-dose reteplase/abciximab in STEMI patients, however without significantly improving short-term outcome. The Prague-8 Study evaluated whether routine clopidogrel administered >6 h pre-angiography would be a safe way to achieve therapeutic drug levels in case a follow-up intervention would be considered immediately, but appeared not justified because of bleeding complications. CARESS in MI showed that high risk patients with evolving STEMI who undergo thrombolytic therapy should undergo PCI early after the thrombolysis. Finally, the ACUITY trial found that in moderate or high risk Non ST elevation ACS patients triaged to PCI, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, or medical management, bivalirudin, with or without associated GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy, resulted in a marked reduction of bleeding at 30 days whilst preserving the ischemic and mortality benefit at 1 year follow up.
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PMID:Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Vienna, 2007: PROSPECT, EVEREST, ARISE, ALOFT, FINESSE, Prague-8, CARESS in MI and ACUITY. 1799 67

The external layer of the median eminence is comprised of nerve fibres that terminate on the primary plexus of the hypophysial portal vessels. This system is a unique neurovascular synapse which can be used as a window through which may be studied the characteristics of central neurotransmission. The heterogeneity of the neuropil of the external layer of the median eminence, in terms of neurotransmitter types, carries the advantage that interactions between different classes of neurons can be investigated. These points are illustrated by physiological and pharmacological studies on the release into hypophysial portal blood of several neuropeptides including luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, thyrotrophin releasing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptide, somatostatin 14, 28 and (1-12) 28, vasopressin and oxytocin. The portal vessels convey these neurohormones to the anterior pituitary gland where they stimulate or inhibit the release of pituitary hormones. The way in which the pituitary gland may be used to investigate the "post synaptic" effects of neuropeptides is illustrated with special reference to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. In addition to the "established" neurohormones, attention is also focused on a recently discovered hypothalamic pituitary system that controls the release of plasminogen activator and on thyrocalcitonin and the calcitonin gene related peptide which demonstrate the way in which studies of the hypothalamus have led to the discovery of new neural control mechanisms.
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PMID:The external layer of the median eminence: A neurovascular synapse. 2049 12

Stimulation with the vasopressin analogue desmopressin (DDAVP) of extrarenal arginine vasopressin (AVP) V2-receptors in endothelial cells and possible in platelets increases the circulating levels of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor (VWF) and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). The purpose of this paper is to provide an updated review of current information on the efficacy and safety of DDAVP in the treatment of haemophilia, von Willebrand disease (VWD), uremia, liver cirrhosis, and in congenital or drug-induced platelet dysfunction--under surgical or non-surgical conditions. In summary, desmopressin is an effective haemostatic drug that when administered i.v., s.c. or intranasally increases plasma levels of FVIII and VWF 2-6 times and improves platelet function. It has a proven haemostatic efficacy in mild haemophilia A and VWD as well as in uremia, liver cirrhosis and in congenital and acquired, drug induced platelet dysfunction. Desmopressin has few side effects but observation is advised in small children and elderly.
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PMID:Desmopressin in treatment of haematological disorders and in prevention of surgical bleeding. 2470 70


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