Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A change in the response of the blood coagulation system to the intravenous injection of vasopressin (AVP), DDAVP and DGAVP has been studied in the experiments on white rats. Intensification of the procoagulant activity on AVP is of the dose-dependent character. Maximal effect is observed 5-15 min after i.v. injection of AVP in a dose of 4 mg/kg. The administration of this peptide increases the fibrinolytic activity, that is connected with an increase in the level of plasminogen activator. DDAVP and DGAVP have a weaker effect on fibrinolysis. AVP and DDAVP increase the level of FVIII by 5-6% during the first minutes, but DGAVP increases the level of FVIII only after 15-30 minutes. While using AVP, DDAVP and DGAVP in clinical practice it is necessary to allow for their hormonal action, the initial state of haemostasis and the age of patients.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of vasopressin and its analogs on blood coagulation in rats]. 239 44

High physiological concentrations of plasma vasopressin (aVP) when achieved by infusion cause an increase in plasma factor VIII coagulant activity and shortening of the euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT). To investigate the effects of aVP on components of the fibrinolytic pathway and on thrombin generation, 9 healthy volunteers were infused with saline for 30 min followed by aVP for 1 hour and blood samples taken every 30 min for measurement of aVP, ECLT, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), t-PA inhibition (tPA-I), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1 Ag), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinopeptide A (FPA), fibrinopeptide B 15-42 (FPB beta 15-42) and cross-linked fibrin breakdown products (XL-FDP). Plasma aVP rose to a median of 75 pg/ml after 90 min and fell to 13.8 pg/ml 30 min later. The APTT fell from 43.5 to 35 sec (p less than 0.01) but there was no change in plasma FPA or in XL-FDP. Plasminogen activator activity (10(6)/ECLT2) increased from 25 to 736 units (p less than 0.01) and t-PA from 200 to 1012 mIU/ml (p less than 0.01). tPA-I fell from 8.0 to 2.7 IU/ml at 90 min (p less than 0.05) but PAI-1 Ag remained unchanged. Plasma FPB beta 15-42 was 2.4 and 1.2 pmol/ml before infusion with aVP and showed a small rise to 3.5 pmol/ml after 60 min (p less than 0.05). The results show the effects of aVP on fibrinolysis are mediated by an increase in t-PA. In the absence of thrombin generation the rise in t-PA was not accompanied by changes in XL-FDP.
 ...
PMID:Effect of physiological concentrations of vasopressin on components of the fibrinolytic system. 250

Vasopressin infusions in normal volunteers that produce concentrations in plasma comparable to those seen during stress, cause an increase in plasma factor VIII and shortening of the euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT). We have investigated the relationship between endogenous vasopressin (aVP) release and haemostatic function in 7 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Blood samples were taken at nine intervals during the operative procedure. Plasma aVP levels peaked at median values of 51 pg/ml during bowel manipulation and remained elevated on the first post-operative day. Following, and in close temporal relationship with the rise in aVP there were increases in factor VIII coagulant activity, the ristocetin co-factor, von Willebrand antigen, plasminogen activator activity (10(6)/ECLT2) and fibrinopeptide A concentrations with shortening of the activated partial thromboplastin time. The relationship was similar to that seen following infusion of aVP in human volunteers. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that aVP is an important mediator of changes in haemostatic function which accompany stress and might contribute to the thrombotic risk associated with surgical operations.
 ...
PMID:Intra-operative activation of coagulation--a stimulus to thrombosis mediated by vasopressin? 308 60

Factor VIII (FVIII) and plasminogen activator activity (PAA) rise during hypoglycaemia, and this might contribute to the vascular complications of diabetes. Similar changes in haemostasis accompany raised plasma levels of vasopressin (aVP) and adrenaline. To investigate the effects of these hormones on haemostasis during hypoglycaemia and the role of plasma insulin concentrations, eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients underwent controlled hypoglycaemia for 20 min and 13 diabetic patients were investigated during hyperinsulinaemia with blood glucose maintained at 8.0 mmol/l. During hypoglycaemia, insulin levels increased to median values of 114 mU/l, a VP rose from 0.5 to 4.4 (p less than 0.005) pg/ml and adrenaline from 0.4 to 4.4 nmol/l (p less than 0.005). FVIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C) rose from 0.75 to 1.09 IU/ml (p less than 0.01) and the ristocetin co-factor (FVIIIR:Co) and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) showed similar responses. PAA increased from 156 to 745 units (p less than 0.005). During hyperinsulinaemia, insulin rose following infusion from 24 to 52 and 118 mU/l, maintained for an hour at each level. Despite this, plasma aVP, FVIII:C, FVIIIR:Co, vWF:Ag and PAA remained unchanged. This study indicates that the marked changes in FVIII, vWF and PAA concentrations which accompany hypoglycaemia depend on low blood glucose and not raised plasma insulin. The response in probably mediated by increases in adrenaline and aVP, which are part of the physiological response to hypoglycaemia.
 ...
PMID:Hormonal control of haemostasis during hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus. 311 5

Some patients with von Willebrand's disease do not respond to stimuli such as venous occlusion and infusion of a vasopressin analogue DDAVP. In these patients, fibrinolytic activity is not enhanced and von Willebrand's factor is not released into the blood. Skin biopsies and cryostat sections were used to study the fibrinolytic activity of skin vessels and localization of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in three patients with severe form of von Willebrand's disease. On fibrin films, no fibrinolysis developed around the skin vessels of the patients; however, using specific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to t-PA, and peroxidase coupled specific IgG, presence of t-PA antigen was demonstrated in endothelial cells (EC) of all of them. In plasma no t-PA activity was detected either before or after venous occlusion although t-PA inhibitor activity was in a normal range. Small amounts of t-PA antigen was measured in blood by ELISA. From these results, it is concluded that in patients with severe forms of von Willebrand's disease, t-PA present in EC is not functional and can not transform plasminogen into plasmin.
 ...
PMID:Absence of functional activity of tissue plasminogen activator in patients with severe forms of von Willebrand's disease. 311 91

Release of tissue plasminogen activator into the circulation of rats in response to intravascular injections of vasoactive agents is studied by using a sensitive and specific clot lysis assay. Intra-arterial bradykinin elicits a rapid and transient rise in circulating plasminogen activator, which is maximum within one minute and is cleared within four to eight minutes. The plasminogen activator is fibrin dependent and is neutralized by an antiserum to human tissue-type plasminogen activator. Bradykinin is 1,000-fold more potent than the other agonists tested, which include histamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, eledoisin-related peptide, arginine-vasopressin, lysine-vasopressin, desmopressin acetate, carbachol, and acetylcholine. Potency of bradykinin is related to its amino acid sequence. Sequential infusions of bradykinin produce a tachyphylactoid response that could be overcome by increasing the dose of the sequential bradykinin challenge. It is concluded that the characteristics of the responses to bradykinin and other agents in vivo differ significantly from those observed in isolated tissue preparations.
 ...
PMID:Tissue plasminogen activator release in vivo in response to vasoactive agents. 392 59

Plasma concentrations of vasopressin (aVP) attained under conditions of stress were simulated by infusing four volunteers with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 pressor units of aVP over 1 h (units/h). Three subjects had all four infusions and one received only 1.0 unit/h. Blood samples were taken for assay of factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIIIC), factor VIII related antigen (FVIIIRAg), the ristocetin cofactor (FVIIIRiCof), euglobulin lysis time (ELT) and aVP concentrations before infusion (time 0) and every 20 min for 80 min. Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) generation time was measured at time 0, 60 and 80 min. At infusion rates of 0.25 unit/h median aVP levels peaked at 6.5 pg/ml and there was no change in FVIII or FPA generation time, and plasminogen activator activity (10(6)/ELT2) rose from 100 to 400 units. At 1.0 unit/h, aVP levels rose to 25.4 pg/ml, FVIIIC rose by 160% and activator activity from 87 to 360 units. At 2.0 units/h, aVP concentrations reached 83 pg/ml, there was an increase in all modalities of FVIII and activator activity rose from 251 to 452 units. FPA generation time shortened and circulating plasma levels of FPA were increased. There was a highly significant correlation between the percentage increases in all three components of FVIII and plasma aVP levels (FVIIIC: r = 0.87, P less than 0.0001; FVIIIRAg: r = 0.61, P less than 0.0001; FVIIIRiCof: r = 0.80, P less than 0.0001) and between the increase in plasminogen activator activity and aVP levels (r = 0.56, P less than 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Effects of physiological concentrations of vasopressin on haemostatic function in man. 393 Jan 28

Hypernatraemic states are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. To examine the relative contributions of sodium and vasopressin, we infused hypertonic saline in 11 male volunteers and measured the effect on factor VIII (FVIII), euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT) and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) generation. Samples were taken pre-infusion, hourly during a 3h infusion of 450 ml 6M saline and one hour after the infusion had stopped. Mean plasma osmolality (SEM) rose from 287(0.7) to 302(10) mOsm after 3h (p less than 0.01). Plasma vasopressin concentrations rose from 1.0(0.3) to 4(0.94) pg/ml over 3 hr (p 0.01). Plasminogen activator activity (10(6)/ELT2) rose from 65(10) to 372(55) units (p less than 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between plasma osmolality and plasminogen activator activity (r = 0.5 p less than 0.0001). FPA generation time shortened from 7.2(0.4) to 5.4(0.6) min after 2h and 5.3(0.6) after 4h (n = 6). Values for FPA after 4 min incubation steadily increased from 5.8(1.2) to 14.3(4.6) pmol/ml during the infusion but differences failed to achieve statistical significance. FVIIIC (1 stage) remained constant at 75(5.5%) during the infusion. There was a small and statistically insignificant increase in FVIII RiCof after 3h and FVIII RAg decreased slightly. The results suggest that hypernatraemia and increasing plasma aVP concentrations produce changes in haemostatic function consistent with a hypercoaguable state. The mechanisms for the effect are unclear. These changes in haemostatic function might contribute to the thrombo-embolic complications of conditions such as hyperosmolar coma in diabetes mellitus or severe heatstroke in which degrees of hypernatraemia occur.
 ...
PMID:Does hypernatraemia promote thrombosis? 393 26

Plasminogen activators are highly selective proteases that activate the proenzyme plasminogen to the general protease, plasmin. We studied a porcine kidney cell line, originally isolated as a high producer of plasminogen activator, in which activities of cellular adenylate cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase are increased in response to calcitonin. We found that salmon calcitonin, in the concentration range 0.03-300 nM, increased plasminogen activator production up to approximately 1,000-fold and concurrently inhibited cell multiplication; both of these effects were reversible. Human calcitonin was approximately 0.01 times as potent as salmon calcitonin, corresponding to potency differences observed in other biological systems. Plasminogen activator production was also stimulated by other agents that raise cellular cAMP levels such as cholera toxin, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and vasopressin, but not to the same extent as by calcitonins. The rapidity and sensitivity of the plasminogen activator determination and other cellular responses may make it possible in the future to use this cell stain in a convenient bioassay for calcitonins and their analogues.
 ...
PMID:Calcitonin stimulates plasminogen activator in porcine renal tubular cells: LLC-PK1. 627 91

Several angiogenic preparations that have been shown to stimulate plasminogen activator (PA) and collagenase production by cultured bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cells were tested for their ability to stimulate BCE cell motility in the phagokinetic track assay. Bovine retinal extract, medium conditioned by 3T3-F442A differentiated mouse adipocytes, SK HEP-1 human hepatoma cell lysate, mouse sarcoma 180 cell lysate, and medium conditioned by mouse sarcoma 180 cells stimulated motility 68.7%, 48.5%, 140.9%, 56.5%, and 102.1%, respectively, relative to untreated cells. The motility-stimulating activity of these preparations was dose dependent and linear over the 16-h assay period. Several hormones and growth factors were tested for BCE cell motility-stimulating activity, including insulin, vasopressin, fibroblast growth factor, and a partially purified preparation of sarcoma growth factor, and were found to be ineffective. 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate (TPA), a potent stimulator of both PA and collagenase activities in BCE cells, also did not stimulate motility, indicating that protease production is not sufficient to stimulate BCE cell motility in this assay. Neither SK HEP-1 hepatoma cell lysate nor TPA was effective in stimulating motility in bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells. The inability of SK HEP-1 hepatoma cell lysate to stimulate movement in BAE cells is consistent with the observation that angiogenesis occurs by sprouting of capillaries, not large vessels.
 ...
PMID:Stimulation of motility in cultured bovine capillary endothelial cells by angiogenic preparations. 632 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>