Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Different parameters of the response to the 5-day metyrapone test were evaluated for their diagnostic accuracy in tests given to 58 children and adolescents as part of an investigation for short stature. Insulin test, vasopressin test and ACTH test were used for diagnostic reference. A log transformation of the data was clearly appropriate. The maximal daily excretion of 17-ketogenic steroids was distinctly positively correlated with the basal excretion. Consequently, the most correct parameter of the response is the SD score of the deviation of the maximal excretion from the regression of the maximal excretion on the basal excretion in the reference population. This parameter, 'relative maximal excretion' was shown to be the diagnostically most accurate index of the response of 11 parameters studied.
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PMID:Critical evaluation of the 5-day metyrapone test. 19 92

The in vitro corticotropic releasing effects of vasopressin (VP) and hypothalamic median eminence (HME) extract were compared as a function of their concentration and preincubation and incubation times. Whereas HME extract augmented the ACTH secretion from non-preincubated adenohypophyses, VP released corticotropin from the pituitaries only after a 2 h preincubation period. The disappearance of endogenous VP during the preincubation time rendered the gland responsive. The maximal stimulation of ACTH secretion by VP was markedly less than that induced by HME extract. The results suggest the presence of VP receptor sites in the anterior pituitary (AP) which are probably different from the receptor sites of the hypothalamic corticotropin releasing factor (CRF).
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PMID:Comparative in vitro studies on corticotropin releasing activity of vasopressin and hypothalamic median eminence extract. 19 42

The present study shows that in a group of 6 euadrenal patients, previously treated by complete adrenalectomy for pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome, the stress stimulus of insulin induced hypoglycaemia is followed by a plasma ACTH response which is of similar magnitude as the response obtained with lysin-vasopressin. Both observations indicate that the central nervous system-pituitary axis is basically normal in pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome as assessed by insulin induced hypoglycaemia. It is concluded that non-responsiveness of the pituitary-adrenocortical system to insulin induced hypoglycaemia in untreated patients with pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome does not represent a fundamental defect of the stress mechanism, but is due to hypercorticism per se.
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PMID:Insulin stimulation tests in pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome after complete adrenalectomy. 20 44

For the assessment of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in the presence of pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas, insulin tests, lysine-vasopressin tests, and rapid ACTH tests were performed and plasma cortisol was assayed. Rapid ACTH test and lysine-vasopressin test, which examine adrenal and mainly pituitary function respectively, showed normal function in ten among 14 cases. But insulin test, which examines the whole hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function, showed various levels of abnormality in eight among 14 cases. Frequent association of functional disturbances of this axis in these diseases was stressed.
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PMID:Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. Part I: Insulin test, lysine-vasopressin test, and rapid ACTH test. 20 36

The effects of intravenous infusion of Asp1. Ile5-angiotensin II on blood pressure, plasma vasopressin, ACTH and 11-hydroxycorticosteroid levels and on plasma renin activity were studied in five trained, conscious dogs. The dogs were prepared with bilateral carotid loops. Infusion of angiotensin II at rates of 5, 10, and 20 ng/kg.min raised its plasma concentration from 23 +/- 7 to 48 +/- 8, 125 +/- 8, and 187 +/- 21 pg/ml, respectively. The lowest rate of infusion was mildly pressor, the two higher rates more so. All rates of infusion promptly increased vasopressin levels and depressed renin levels. The two higher rates also stimulated ACTH, although with a latency of 30-45 min. Since the rates of infusion of angiotensin II employed produced plasma levels within the physiological range, it is suggested that peripherally generated angiotensin II may play an important role in the regulation of vasopressin, and ACTH secretion.
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PMID:Angiotensin II infusion increases vasopressin, ACTH, and 11-hydroxycorticosteroid secretion. 20 99

Using incubated glands, we showed that cerebral cortex and liver extracts (CCE and LE) stimulated ACTH release from neurointermediate lobe (NIL) of hypophysis as well as hypothalmus extract (HE) did. Moreover, the HE-induced ACTH release was much smaller for the NIL (1.9 X basal level) than for the anterior lobe (AL; 13.7 x basal level). Thus, under these conditions, HE seemed to have no specific effect on NIL ACTH release. Using superfused glands, we showed: (a) that both spontaneous and HE-induced ACTH release decreased during superfusion; (b) that using this system, a specific stimulatory effect on HE on NIL was observed. In contrast to HE, CCE and LE had only a small effect on NIL ACTH release (always less than 20% of that caused by HE) which could be considered as a nonspecific response; (c) that trypsin suppressed the stimulating effect on HE as well on NIL as on AL; and (d) that arginine antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was not responsible for the stimulating effect of HE on NIL ACTH release, because synthetic ADH had no effect and HE containing ADH (from normal rats) or HE containing no ADH (from Brattleboro rats or from immunoneutralization of ADH in normal HE) had the same effect. From these results, we can conclude that HE contain a peptidic factor different from ADH which is able to stimulate in vitro release of ACTH from the NIL.
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PMID:In vitro regulation of ACTH release from neurointermediate lobe of rat hypophysis. I. Effect of crude hypothalamic extracts. 20 49

The aim of this study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative changes of ACTH-cells in the rat after application of a specific and a non-specific stimulus. A CRF-analog (lysin-vasopressin) and a prostaglandin (prostaglandin E1) were used. 40 rats were injected lysin-vasopressin or prostaglandin E1, respectively, for 4 weeks. The pituitary glands were investigated by means of light microscopy, electron microscopy and morphometry. Activation of the ACTH-cells could be observed after use of both substances, the effect of lysin-vasopressin being more intense than that of prostaglandin E1. Enlargement of the nucleus, the cytoplasm and the organelles involved in hormone-production and -transport were found and verified by morphometry. Additionally an increase in number of the cells could be demonstrated. Prostaglandin influenced not only ACTH-cells, but also other cells of the anterior pituitary.
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PMID:Ultrastructure and morphometry of ACTH-producing cell in the rat anterior pituitary gland stimulated by lysin-vasopressin and prostaglandin E1. 20 15

The hypothesis that the effects of ACTH 4-10 on avoidance are mediated via the release of endogenous vasopressin was investigated. To test this hypothesis, we observed the effect of ACTH 4-10 on the passive avoidance of Brattleboro rats with diabetes insipidus resulting from a total genetic deficiency of vasopressin (DI) and Brattleboro rats without diabetes insipidus (HE). Normal Long-Evans rats (LE) were also included for comparison purposes. The results did not support the hypothesis. ACTH 4-10 did influence the passive avoidance of DI rats; this should not have occurred if the release of endogenous vasopressin is necessary for ACTH 4-10 to influence avoidance.
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PMID:Effect of ACTH 4-10 on passive avoidance of rats lacking vasopressin (Brattleboro strain). 20 31

8 children with precocious puberty were treated with cyproterone acetate (CPA). During treatment there were no definite clinical signs of depressed adrenocortical function. The plasma cortisol concentrations were grossly depressed and the diurnal cortisol rhythm was abolished. Two months after discontinuation of CPA treatment the adrenocortical function had greatly improved. The lysin-vasopressin stimulation test revealed in one child a normal, in another child an exaggerated ACTH response during CPA therapy. Fasting plasma ACTH concentrations were elevated compared with normal controls, but they were very low compared with patients with Addison's disease. The results suggest that CPA has a twofold effect leading to adrenocortical insufficiency: i.e., inhibition of cortisol secretion by the adrenals themselves and inhibition of ACTH secretion at the hypothalamopitiuitary level.
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PMID:The effect of cyproterone acetate on adrenal cortical function in children with precocious puberty. 20 51

When mice were subjected to footshock treatment and subsequently injected with [3H] lysine, the cerebral uptake of [3H] lysine, its incorporation into brain protein and the relative radioactivity (RR = protein radioactivity divided by amino acid radioactivity) were all increased. In the liver, footshocked mice showed decreased free lysine radioactivity, and increased protein radioactivity and relative radioactivity compared to quiet mice. The possibility that ACTH mediated these effects was investigated. The injection of saline had no effect in the brain but partially mimicked the footshock responses in the liver. Injections of ACTH 1--24 mimicked the effects of footshock in the brain, and further augmented the saline-induced effect on the RR in the liver. ACTH 4--10 increased the RR of brain protein, but produced no significant change in brain free lysine radioactivity or in any measure in the liver. Pretreatment of mice with the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, did not enhance these effects and diminished the effect of ACTH 4--10 in the brain. ACTH treatment did not alter the profiles of brain polyribosomes. Lysine vasopressin, which is also released during stress, did not alter the incorporation of [3H] lysine into brain or liver protein, except at high doses when it decreased plasma radioactivity. These results suggest that secretion of ACTH at least partially mediates the stress-induced changes of [3H] lysine incorporation into brain and liver proteins, but that it is probably not the only factor involved.
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PMID:ACTH and the stress-induced changes of lysine incorporation into brain and liver proteins. 20 77


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