Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the first case of the syndrome of periodic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and vasopressin (ADH) discharge associated with focal glomerulosclerosis. Approximately 30 cases of this syndrome have so far been reported in Japan, but no cases associated with renal dysfunction have yet been reported. The patient, a 10-year-old Japanese boy, was referred to our hospital because of recurrent attacks of vomiting. He was diagnosed as having this syndrome from clinical and laboratory findings. While various drugs were tried to manage his vomiting attacks, only valproic acid appeared to be effective in reducing the frequency of the attacks. Chronic nephritis was manifested when the patient was 12 years old, which required treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Valproic acid was proved to be effective in reducing the number of attacks over 4 months.
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PMID:Periodic discharge of adrenocorticotropin and vasopressin associated with focal glomerulosclerosis. 989 98

The Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb received four cases of severe symptomatic hyponatraemia or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) in association with valproic acid use, in which a causal relationship was suspected. This study describes these cases and gives support for this association from Vigibase, the adverse drug reaction (ADR) database of the WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring, the Uppsala Monitoring Centre. Cases of hyponatraemia in valproic acid users are described. In a case/non-case analysis, the strength of the association between reported cases of hyponatraemia and the use of valproic acid in Vigibase was established by calculating a reporting odds ratio, adjusted for possible confounding by concomitant medication. Four females aged 57, 67, 71 and 88 years developed symptomatic hyponatraemia or SIADH after starting valproic acid. Despite concomitant medication or co-morbidity, a causal relationship was plausible. In Vigibase, valproic acid is disproportionally associated with hyponatraemia and SIADH (corrected reporting odds ratio 1.83 [95% CI 1.61, 2.08]). Based on the described cases and the reports from Vigibase, a causal relationship between valproic acid use and hyponatraemia or SIADH can be suspected. The mechanism by which valproic acid could cause hyponatraemia or SIADH has not been fully elucidated. Valproic acid use could lead to reduced sensitivity of hypothalamic osmoreceptors. It also might directly affect tubular cell function, thereby leading to SIADH. It might be expected that a combination of effects on the osmoreceptors and a lack of compensation of the salt-water unbalance by the nephrons causes SIADH in some patients using valproic acid. It could be a dose- or concentration-related adverse effect. In this report, severe symptomatic hyponatraemia and SIADH have been associated with the use of valproic acid. With this study, not only is the number of published cases doubled, but also the data from Vigibase strongly support the association. Since hyponatraemia and SIADH have a high morbidity, health professionals should be aware of this potential ADR.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) or hyponatraemia associated with valproic Acid: four case reports from the Netherlands and a case/non-case analysis of vigibase. 2000 Aug 66

Recent findings demonstrate that epigenetic modifications are required for the sexual differentiation of the brain. For example, neonatal administration of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, valproic acid, blocks masculinisation of cell number in the principal nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). In the present study, we examined the effects of valproic acid on neurochemistry and behaviour, focusing on traits that are sexually dimorphic and linked to the BNST. Newborn mice were treated with saline or valproic acid and the effect on vasopressin immunoreactivity and olfactory preference behaviour was examined in adulthood. As expected, males had more vasopressin immunoreactive fibres than females in the lateral septum and medial dorsal thalamus, which are two projection sites of BNST vasopressin neurones. Neonatal valproic acid increased vasopressin fibre density specifically in females in the lateral septum, thereby reducing the sex difference, and increased vasopressin fibres in both sexes in the medial dorsal thalamus. The effects were not specific to BNST vasopressin projections, however, because valproic acid also significantly increased vasopressin immunoreactivity in the anterior hypothalamic area in both sexes. Subtle sex-specific effects of neonatal valproic acid treatment were observed on olfactory behaviour. As predicted, males showed a preference for investigating female-soiled bedding, whereas females showed a preference for male-soiled bedding. Valproic acid did not significantly alter olfactory preference, per se, although it increased the number of visits females made to female-soiled bedding and the overall time females spent investigating soiled versus clean bedding. Taken together, these results suggest that a transient disruption of histone deacetylation at birth does not have generalised effects on sexual differentiation, although it does produce lasting effects on brain neurochemistry and behaviour.
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PMID:Effects of neonatal treatment with valproic acid on vasopressin immunoreactivity and olfactory behaviour in mice. 2179 47

Valproic acid (VPA) has been used clinically as an anticonvulsant medication during pregnancy; however, it poses a neurodevelopmental risk due to its high teratogenicity. We hypothesized that midgestational (GD) exposure to VPA will lead to lasting deficits in social behavior and the processing of social stimuli. To test this, animals were given a single IP injection of 600 mg/kg of VPA on GD 12.5. Starting on postnatal day 2 (PND2), animals were examined for physical and behavior abnormalities. Functional MRI studies were carried out after PND60. VPA and control animals were given vehicle or a central infusion of a V(1a) antagonist 90 minutes before imaging. During imaging sessions, rats were presented with a juvenile test male followed by a primary visual stimulus (2 Hz pulsed light) to examine the effects of prenatal VPA on neural processing. VPA rats showed greater increases in BOLD signal response to the social stimulus compared to controls in the temporal cortex, thalamus, midbrain and the hypothalamus. Blocking the V(1a) receptor reduced the BOLD response in VPA animals only. Neural responses to the visual stimulus, however, were lower in VPA animals. Blockade with the V(1a) antagonist did not revert this latter effect. Our data suggest that prenatal VPA affects the processing of social stimuli and perhaps social memory, partly through a mechanism that may involve vasopressin V(1a) neurotransmission.
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PMID:Gestational valproate alters BOLD activation in response to complex social and primary sensory stimuli. 2261 73