Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiments were conducted on rat jejunum pouches turned inside-out. On addition of blood plasma containing the natriuretic factor there was a reverse relationship between the natriuretic factor concentration and the processes of absorption in the jejunum. No such effect was noted under the effect of aldosterone and vasopressin.
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PMID:[Effect of aldosterone, vasopressin and natriuretic factor on the process of absoprtion in the rat small intestine]. 88 99

Comprehensive studies on body fluid balance on 5 divers were conducted during the Hana Kai II dive (17 days at 18.6 ATA and 7 days of decompression). Daily urine flow increased from about 2000 ml at 1 ATA to 2600 ml at 18.6 ATA, at 31 degrees C. This diuresis was accompanied by a reduction in urine osmolality (from 650 to 500 mOsm) and a slight increase in osmolal clearance. Endogenous creatinine clearance remained at about 173 ml/min throughout the dive. Despite such a sustained diuresis, neither daily water intake nor total body water volume changed significantly. The plasma renin activity changed little, while both plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary aldosterone excretion increased significantly during the first week at 18.6 ATA. The plasma prolactin concentration showed a significant decrease during the first 3 days at 18.6 ATA. The daily excretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) decreased significantly (by 40%) 4 days after compression and remained low throughout the rest of the dive. Insensible waterloss at 18.6 ATA was 35% lower than that at 1 ATA. It is suggested that the observed hyperbaric diuresis is due primarily to suppression of ADH as a result of suppression of insensible water loss.
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PMID:Hana kai ii: a 17-day dry saturation dive at 18.6 ATA. III. Body fluid balance. 91 Mar 16

In babies ranging in age from 1 to 25 weeks and in children between 1 and 14 years, plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone activity were determined in relation to urinary sodium excretion. A reciprocal correlation was found demonstrating that the hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is stimulated in infants by a low sodium intake. A second stimulus was observed in the influence of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system, when the plasma renin activity was suppressed by administration of antidiuretic hormone and sodium excretion increased due to a decreased aldosterone activity. Our study suggests that there exists a feedback between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and ADH release and that this feedback plays an important role in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance in the young infant.
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PMID:Effects of ADH on the activity and function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in infants and in children. 93 34

The effects of 10 days dehydration and rapid rehydration on the sodium and potassium metabolism in the one-humped camel were examined. The research was carried out during two periods in the summer, a cool and a hot period. In the hot period the effects of dehydration were found to be more severe. The potassium metabolism was more affected than that of the sodium. The concentrations of potassium in the urine declined while those of sodium increased. There were also marked changes in the filtered loads, excreted loads, and reabsorption of the two cations. Following rehydration significant changes in the cation metabolism were recorded within 15-45 min. It is suggested that antidiuretic hormone and not aldosterone caused the changes in the two-cation metabolism.
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PMID:Sodium and potassium metabolism in the dehydrated and rehydrated Bedouin camel. 98 85

Recent studies have shown that chronic hypotonic volume expansion (HVE) induced by administration of vasopressin and water stimulates distal hydrogen ion secretion and thereby (a) permits dogs with HCl-acidosis to restore acid-base equilibrium to normal despite continued acid feeding and (b) permits normal dogs to conserve filtered bicarbonate quantitatively despite the natriuresis induced by water retention. To examine whether these effects of chronic HVE are mediated by augmented mineralocorticoid secretion, urinary and plasma aldosterone levels were monitored during prolonged administration of vasopressin. In HCl-fed animals, the HVE-induced rise in plasma [HCO3] (from 13.8 to 21.3 meq/liter) was associated with a rise in aldosterone excretion from 0.45 to 0.88 mug/day (P less than 0.02). In normal animals, in which plasma [HCO3] remained stable during HVE (21.9 vs. 20.0 meq/liter), aldosterone excretion rose from 0.51 to 2.28 mug/day (P less than 0.02) and plasma aldosterone concentration rose from 8.1 to 39.8 ng/100 ml (P less than 0.01). Vasopressin and water were also administered to adrenalectomized animals maintained on glucocorticoids and a slightly subphysiologic replacement schedule of mineralocorticoids. In the HCl-fed adrenalectomized group, plasma [HCO3], instead of rising to normal, showed no significant change (16.9 vs. 15.0 meq/liter). In the non-HCl-fed adrenalectomized group, plasma [HCO3], rather than remaining stable, fell significantly (20.3 vs 16.5 meq/liter, P less than 0.1). Two conclusions can be drawn from this study: (a) the well-known inhibitory effect of volume expansion on aldosterone secretion can be overridden by a potent stimulatory effect on the adrenal produced by severe chronic hypotonicity, and (b) the response of plasma [HCO3] observed during severe chronic HVE is mediated by augmented mineralocorticoid secretion. These findings, furthermore, offer a possible explanation for the puzzling observation that plasma [HCO3] in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is maintained at normal levels even in the face of severe hyponatremia.
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PMID:The critical role of the adrenal gland in the renal regulation of acid-base equilibrium during chronic hypotonic expansion. Evidence that chronic hyponatremia is a potent stimulus to aldosterone secretion. 99 40

Changes in the excretion of bicarbonate, sodium and potassium in one kidney after exclusion (complete sudden ligation of renal pedicle) of its partner have been studied in 16 dogs undergoing bicarbonate diuresis. Fluid balance, haematocrit, plasma electrolyte and protein concentrations were maintained constant throughout the experiment. Acute contralateral renal pedicle ligation lead to an immediate increase in bicarbonate as well as water, sodium and potassium excretion by the remaining kidney. The rapid and immediate increase in the fractional and absolute rates of bicarbonate excretion was observed at varying levels of bicarbonate loading, with the greatest response occurring at the highest infusion rate. Sodium, potassium and water excretion also increased in parallel with urinary bicarbonate loss. The increase in bicarbonate exposition, glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, aldosterone and vasopressin. In 8 sham-operated animals, no abrupt increase in sodium and bicarbonate excretion occurred despite similar continued infusion of sodium bicarbonate. It was concluded that exclusion of one kidney induces immediate adaptive excretory changes for sodium and bicarbonate in the remaining kidney, and that these changes are not accounted for by any of the known factors normally regulating sodium and bicarbonate excretion.
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PMID:Compensatory adaptation of bicarbonate excretion following acute contralateral kidney exclusion in the dog. 100 48

The peculiarities of water and electrolytes elimination prior to and following therapy with diuretics were studied in 92 patients with Stage II-III cardiac insufficiency. The control group was comprised of 23 patients with Stage 0-I insufficiency and 12 normal volunteers. A progressing cardiac insufficiency was found to be accompanied by a reduction in sodium and water excretion. The results of the study permit to suggest the localization of enhanced reabsorption of sodium in cases of cardiac insufficiency, to evaluate the proportion of the participation of the antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone in the pathogenesis of sodium retention in the kidney, and to assess the diuretics as means of pathogenetic treatment of cardiac insufficiency, which proves rational on early stages of the disease without accompanying severe circulatory disorders.
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PMID:[Characteristics of sodium and water elimination in chronic cardiac insufficiency]. 101 5

Vertebrate peptides and hormones have been appled to a number of identified neurosecretory and ono-neurosecretory cells in two molluscan preparations. Active peptide hormones included vasopressin and analogues. Active steriod hormones included aldosterone and hydrocortisone. Peptide effects were present at 10-9 M concentration of peptide, were confined to two neurosecrotory cells and consisted of long lasting changes in the membrane properties of these cells (characterized either by the initiation or potentiation of bursting pacemaker potential activity in these cells). The regulatory changes in membrane properties induced by the peptides were unlike the transient conductance changes produced by conventional neurotransmitters. Steroid effects were observed at 10-6M concentration of steroid and consisted of an increase in membrane potential and conductance which was dependent on the species of divalent cations present. The net effect of peptide activation would be to increase the release of neurosecretory material form the cell terminals, while the net effect of the steroids would be to decrease the release of this material. The results obtained with these invertebrate preparations may serve to describe new forms of cellular communication in the nervous system whereby peptides and steroids modulate electrical activity.
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PMID:Studies on bursting pacemaker potential activity in molluscan neurons. III. Effects of hormones. 112 83

In preparation for the conduct of biochemical experiments in the Skylab Orbital Workshop a study was performed on the stability of various chemical constituents in urine in 2 different techniques for preservation and storage. Urine samples were either vacuum dried or frozen and maintained in storage at minus 20 degrees for periods of up to 10 weeks. The urinary constituents studied included aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, urea, nitrogen, creatine, hydroxyproline, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, calcium, sodium potassium, chloride, magnesium and phosphate. Some degradation of urinary compounds was observed after both treatments. The rate and variability of destruction following the vacuum drying treatment, however, was greater than for freezing. It was concluded that only the freezing treatment could be used to preserve with predictable loss the urinary samples which would be returned to earth following the conclusion of each Skylab flight.
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PMID:Acomparative study of two methods of urine preservation. 112 11

1. Healthy subjects, given a long-acting preparation of vasopressin intramuscularly, excreted a significantly less concentrated urine than when subjected to fluid deprivation for 28 h. 2. When fludrocortisone, a potent mineralocorticoid, was given in addition to vasopressin the urine was not significantly less concentrated than after fluid deprivation. 3. Oral urea-loading also enhanced the urine-concentrating power of vasopressin but its effect was less marked than that of fludrocortisone. Oral urea did not increase further the urine concentration achieved by combined fludrocortisone and vasopressin. 4. Renal concentrating power was assessed in fourteen patients with renal disease and impaired concentrating ability. Fludrocortisone significantly enhanced the urine concentration achieved by vasopressin alone and the resultant urine was not significantly less concentrated than that achieved by fluid deprivation. 5. The action of fludrocortisone in enhancing the urine-concentrating effect of vasopressin is similar to that of aldosterone and is probably due to the increased sequestration of solute in the renal medulla, caused by increased reabsorption of sodium chloride in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. 6. In the clinical assessment of renal concentrating power, the combined use of fludrocortisone and vasopressin has potential advantages over established methods.
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PMID:Assessment of urine-concentrating ability in man: effect of fludrocortisone and urea in enhancing response to vasopressin. 112 20


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