Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carbamazepine has been reported to decrease urine output and increase urinary concentration in patients with diabetes insipidus. The effects of the drug on the osmotic water permeability of the bladder of the toad, Bufo marinus, were studied. Carbamazepine had no effect on osmotic water flow when present in the serosal or mucosal bathing media. The submaximal or maximal increase in osmotic water flow caused by vasopressin was inhibited by serosal carbamazepine concentrations as low as 0.01 mM. Higher concentrations of carbamazepine in the mucosal solution also inhibited the submaximal antidiuretic hormone (ADH) response. The response to 2 mM cyclic AMP was inhibited by 0.5 mM serosal carbamazepine. Carbamazepine did not affect the response to 20 mM theophylline. Significant inhibition of the ADH response occurred only after preincubation of the bladders with the drug for at least 1 hour. The inhibition was reversed by rinsing the drug from the bladders before ADH was added. The mechanism of action of carbamazepine in diabetes insipidus remains obscure. In the toad bladder, the drug neither directly increases osmotic water flow nor potentiates the response to vasopressin.
 ...
PMID:Effects of carbamazepine on the water permeability and short-circuit current of the urinary bladder of the toad and the response to vasopressin, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate and theophylline. 18 8

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a disorder in which a sustained release of antidiuretic hormone occurs because of certain diseases, pharmacological agents, or trauma. Fluid volume expands with a resultant hyponatremia which, depending on the degree, may be asymptomatic or result in death. This case report describes a 38-year-old male in whom SIADH was strongly suspected secondary to Tegretol therapy to control a seizure disorder. Medical consultation is imperative for these patients before administering a fluid challenge during general anesthesia.
 ...
PMID:Suspected inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a male with mental retardation. 144 Jan 23

Carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced water intoxication occasionally limits its usefulness in refractory seizures and trigeminal neuralgia. Fluid restriction, CBZ dose reduction, or concomitant phenytoin therapy may be impractical or ineffective. Demeclocycline (7-chloro-6 demethyl tetracycline) (DMC) corrected the CBZ-induced water intoxication in a 51-year-old man with refractory complex partial seizures and a normal antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level. DMC inhibits ADH-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity in the renal collecting duct and may be useful in correcting the ADH-like or renal antidiuretic effect of CBZ.
 ...
PMID:Perspective on carbamazepine-induced water intoxication: reversal by demeclocycline. 309 19

Carbamazepine (CBZ) has been reported to have an antidiuretic action, though it is not known how it produces this effect. This is a well recognized complication of CBZ therapy in adults. However this syndrome has been rarely observed in childhood. We present an epileptic child with fluid overload due to CBZ treatment who was referred with chest pain and cardiomegaly. Our patient developed fluid retention with cardiomegaly during treatment with CBZ alone at a normal dose and for a short time. To our knowledge this is the first case of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) due to CBZ therapy which has been observed to be associated with cardiomegaly.
 ...
PMID:Fluid retention and cardiomegaly associated with carbamazepine in an epileptic child. 831 22

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a drug which can induce the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Until 1980's, there were reports regarding CBZ-induced SIADH, but it is rarely reported these days. We here report two cases of CBZ-induced SIADH. Hyponatremia in these cases was rapidly improved by withdrawal of administration of CBZ. According to the previous reports, the rate of hyponatremia in patients receiving CBZ is not small. It ranges from 48% to 31%. As CBZ is frequently used for patients with epilepsy and neuralgia, not only their blood CBZ concentration but also their serum Na level should be monitored.
 ...
PMID:[Carbamazepine induced hyponatremia]. 1002 90

Carbamazepine is chemically related to imipramine. It can reduce prostaglandin E2-like activity in inflammation. It caused overflow urinary incontinence, increased bladder capacity, sensitized renal tubules to antidiuretic hormone and leading to antidiuresis. This encouraged to use carbamazepine to treat primary enuresis. Twenty-six patients of either sex with a history of enuresis from birth were included in study. Their age ranged between 7 and 15 years (mean 9.3 years). They were assessed by history, physical examination, blood glucose, renal function tests, intravenous urogram and videocystourethrography. 30 days drug-free observation was performed to establish baseline voiding pattern. This was followed by two, 30 day treatment periods of either placebo or carbamazepine (200 mg) tablets, in a randomized, double-blind cross-over design. There was one week washout period between medications. The patients or their parents received calendar sheet to record wet and dry nights and offered subjective opinions concerning changes in sleep patterns, occurrence of nocturia and appearance of side-effects. A tablet was given to each patient before retiring. Those patients who showed no response to carbamazepine and placebo would be treated with 100 mg of indomethacin suppositories. The results show that of 26 patients 20 had 7 to 30 of 30 dry nights with carbamazepine, while 6 had 0 to 5 of 30 dry nights. The latter 6 patients reacted in the same manner with placebo, 4 of them showed better response with use of indomethacin. Six patients had 10 to 15 of 30 dry nights during placebo therapy and 20 had 0 to 6 of 30 dry nights. The mean number of dry nights was 3.92 +/- 5.22 with placebo and was 18.8 +/- 8.82 with carbamazepine. The difference in response to placebo and carbamazepine was statistically significant (p < 0.001). All the patients who responded sufficiently to indomethacin slept until the morning. No side effect was noticed with either treatment and repeated serum electrolytes and other laboratory tests were normal after treatment. It might be concluded that carbamazepine is useful for treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Carbamazepine to treat primary nocturnal enuresis: double-blind study. 1065 88

The notable incidence of epilepsy in the general population, with the presence, more and more frequent of refractory therapeutic, it forces the anticonvulsant polytherapy. If we depart from the fact, that many of the epilepsies have a secondary cause, with affective disorders associate, we can understand the most habitual association of anticonvulsant and antidepressant. We present the clinical case of a 37-year-old-woman with refractory therapeutic epilepsy associated to exogenous depressive syndrome, in combined treatment with Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine and Venlafaxine, that suffers a episode of syncope secondary to symptomatic hyponatraemia, generated by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The relevance of this case resides in the fact that the hyponatraemia generated by this pharmacological combination, up to now, it has not been described in the literature. This electrolytic anomaly can derive in secondary neurological and cardiovascular effects, in so outstanding occasions, as to produce the phenomenon denominated sudden death in the epileptic patient (SUDEP). We recommended a strict ionic control in those patients that require anti-epileptic and anti-depressant treatment combined, in order to avoiding paroxistic vascular episodes and to minimize the risk of SUDEP.
 ...
PMID:[Symptomatic secondary hyponatraemia due to combined treatment anticonvulsant and antidepressant: risk of sudden death in epilepsy?]. 1802 Aug 91

Carbamazepine-induced hyponatremia is a rare condition. The patients may or may not be symptomatic. Epilepsy is considered a social taboo. Hence, patients do not reveal history of being on antiepileptic agents. Carbamazepine is a known antiepileptic and psychotropic agent. It is commonly used for the treatment of seizures and psychiatric disorders. We present a case of a 60-year-old female patient presenting in emergency department with history of carbamazepine-induced hyponatremia. It raises antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels. This leads to increased sensitivity of renal tubules to ADH levels. She was diagnosed as a case of syndrome of inappropriate ADH and was treated accordingly. She was asymptomatic and was ambulatory. She recovered significantly. Hence, it is essential to monitor sodium levels in patients on carbamazepine therapy and also on drugs with similar mechanism of action.
 ...
PMID:Carbamazepine-induced hyponatremia - A wakeup call. 3119 59