Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Desmopressin (1-desamino-[8-D-Arg]-vasopressin) (DDAVP) was given by nose drops to 22 children with persistent nocturnal enuresis (mean age, 6.6 +/- 2.9 years; range, 4 to 12 years) the evening before sleep. With saline alone as placebo and with comparison to enuretic frequency before the onset of the trial, fortnightly periods were compared under double-blind conditions with the children at home. Pretreatment and placebo fortnights showed wetting frequencies (nights per fortnight) of 10.6 +/- 4.9 and 11.0 +/- 4.4, respectively. The value of the fortnight during desmopressin therapy was 4.2 +/- 4.5, which was significantly different from either of the previous means (P less than .01). Of the 22 subjects, four failed to react to therapy at all. There was decreased enuretic frequency in the remaining 18, of whom 12 decreased markedly or ceased wetting. One month after the trial, seven of the respondents were dry with desmopressin therapy. There was clear evidence of a large nocturnal volume of dilute urine before treatment in six of the respondents in whom such measurements could be reliably made. These children responded to dehydration with urine concentration, however, so that the suggestion can be made that a failure to develop a normal diurnal pattern of urine volume and concentration may underly some cases of enuresis.
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PMID:Desmopressin in the management of nocturnal enuresis in children: a double-blind study. 36 38

We investigated the effects of V1 IOPC-21268, 1-(1-[4-(3-acetylaminopropoxy)benzoyl]-4-piperidyl)-3,4-dihydro-2( 1H)- quinolinone) and V2 (OPC-31260, 5-dimethylamino-1[4-(2-methylbensoylamino)benzoyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahy dro-1H- benzazepine) vasopressin receptor antagonists on the negative inotropic response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the isolated perfused heart preparations of the dog. AVP (7.5-750 pmol) decreased the atrial and ventricular contractile force when the preparation was perfused with constant pressure or constant flow. AVP induced a small increase in sinus rate. Desmopressin, a selective vasopressin V2 agonist, did not change the sinus rate and atrial or ventricular contractile force. OPC-21268 (0.01-3 mumol) and OPC-31260 (0.01-1 mumol) induced a small negative inotropic effect. Both OPC-21268 and OPC-31260 inhibited the negative inotropic response to AVP in a dose-dependent manner. The doses of 50% inhibition (ID50) for OPC-21268 and OPC-31260 on the inotropic effect were 0.30 +/- 0.16 mumol and 0.084 +/- 0.034 mumol, respectively. Neither OPC-21268 nor OPC-31260 affected the acetylcholine-, adenosine- or norepinephrine-induced inotropic and chronotropic effects. It has been reported that the concentration of OPC-21268 that displaced 50% of specific AVP binding is 0.4 microM for V1 receptors and > 100 microM for V2 receptors and the concentration of OPC-31260 is 0.01 microM for V2 receptors and 1 microM for V1 receptors. We, therefore, suggest that AVP directly causes negative inotropic effects mediated at least in part by V1 receptors in the dog heart.
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PMID:Blocking effects of V1 (OPC-21268) and V2 (OPC-31260) antagonists on the negative inotropic response to vasopressin in isolated dog heart preparations. 133 8

Cranial diabetes insipidus (DI) arises when release of arginine vasopressin (AVP, antidiuretic hormone) in response to osmotic stimuli is inadequate. The correct diagnosis and management of cranial DI is particularly important when it arises as an acute complication of surgery, trauma or in subjects who lack thirst sensation. Desmopressin (1-desamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, DDAVP) provides an effective and convenient replacement therapy when given by the intranasal route. However, nasal administration is difficult for some patients, and in the future oral or transcutaneous desmopressin formulations may prove to be satisfactory alternatives. By contrast, treatments for nephrogenic DI, where there is failure of the antidiuretic response to endogenous or exogenous vasopressin, have been disappointing and water replacement remains the mainstay of therapy. An understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of water homeostasis and correct interpretation of water balance and electrolyte data are essential for correct diagnosis and management of all cases of DI.
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PMID:Diabetes insipidus. Current treatment recommendations. 138 16

Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone L-arginine vasopressin. Because it can raise circulating levels of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor, desmopressin is used for nontransfusional treatment of mild and moderate hemophilia and von Willebrand disease. Desmopressin also shortens the prolonged skin bleeding time in patients suffering from von Willebrand disease and is given to prevent or stop excessive bleeding in such conditions.
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PMID:Desmopressin: a nontransfusional treatment of hemophilia and von Willebrand disease. 147 39

Twelve patients undergoing total hip replacement, with regional anaesthesia and with dextran infusion for plasma expansion and thromboprophylaxis, were given the vasopressin analogue desmopressin (DDAVP) or placebo in a randomized, double-blind prospective study. In controls (n = 6) we found a prolongation of the bleeding time, low factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) and a decrease in antithrombin III to levels known to be at risk for venous thrombosis. Desmopressin shortened postoperative bleeding time, gave an early FVIII/vWF complex increase, prevented antithrombin III from falling to critically low values and appeared to activate the fibrinolytic system, both by tPA increase and PAI-1 decrease. Thus in the controls we found changes in both coagulation and fibrinolysis indicating a haemorrhagic diathesis as well as a risk for thromboembolism. Desmopressin induced factor changes that possibly reduce both risks.
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PMID:Effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis of desmopressin in patients undergoing total hip replacement. 179 9

Patients with ileostomies show an early diuresis when sodium restricted; this, together with an obligatory ileal sodium loss, predisposes them to severe salt and water depletion. The role of arginine vasopressin in this circumstance and whether it is natriuretic, or antinatriuretic, is unclear. There is also controversy over its likely effect on small bowel fluid reabsorption. We have examined the effect of the non-pressor (V2) synthetic vasopressin analogue 1-deamino-8-D-arginine (desmopressin) on renal and ileal sodium and water excretion in ileostomy patients during acute adaptation to a low sodium diet. Patients were studied on two separate occasions (nonrandomised) with and without the administration of desmopressin (0.75 micrograms intramuscular, three times a day). In eight subjects without desmopressin there was pronounced diuresis on the first low sodium day, associated with a fall in renal sodium excretion and no change in ileal output or composition. In five (of the original) subjects with desmopressin there was pronounced antidiuresis, no change in renal sodium excretion, and no change in ileal output or composition. In both studies rises in plasma renin activity and salivary aldosterone concentration lagged behind the early decline in renal sodium excretion. We have confirmed the phenomenon of 'low sodium' diuresis after sodium restriction in ileostomy patients and shown that it can be prevented by desmopressin. Desmopressin has no direct or indirect effect on renal sodium excretion or ileal fluid and electrolyte loss in humans.
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PMID:'Low sodium' diuresis and ileal loss in patients with ileostomies: effect of desmopressin. 206 Aug 72

Hypotension related to the intraoperative use of desmopressin acetate to improve platelet function following cardiopulmonary bypass has recently been reported. To investigate the direct vascular actions of this drug as a potential mechanism of its induced hypotension, cumulative, dose-dependent (3.7 X 10(-10) to 1.2 X 10(-7) M) effects of desmopressin were studied in isolated phenylephrine precontracted rings of rat and rabbit thoracic aorta and rabbit pulmonary artery. Desmopressin was a potent vasodilator of all vessel types studied with significant (P less than 0.05) vasodilation beginning at 7.5 X 10(-9) M. Vascular relaxation of all vessels was greater when the vascular endothelium was intact (P less than 0.05). Indomethacin potentiated (P less than 0.05) vascular relaxation in rat and rabbit aortic rings and partially inhibited (P less than 0.05) relaxation in rabbit pulmonary artery rings. Selective antagonists of vasopressin V1 (d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)AVP, 1 X 10(-6) M) and V2 (d(CH2)5[D-Ile2,Ala-NH2(9)] AVP, 1 X 10(-6) M) receptors and of histamine H1 (diphenhydramine, 1 X 10(-5) M) and H2 (cimetidine 1 X 10(-5) M) receptors had no effect on desmopressin-induced relaxation of rat aortic rings. Chlorobutanol, the diluent in which desmopressin is supplied, was devoid of vascular effects. To study the effects of desmopressin on vascular cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP concentrations, a cultured bovine aortic smooth muscle--rat vascular smooth muscle coculture model was employed. Desmopressin (1 X 10(-7) and 1 X 10(-8) M) did not significantly alter control values of either cyclic nucleotide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Desmopressin is a potent vasorelaxant of aorta and pulmonary artery isolated from rabbit and rat. 216 Feb 8

Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone L-arginine vasopressin. Because it can raise circulating levels of Factor VIII and of von Willebrand's factor, DDAVP is used for nontransfusional treatment of mild and moderate hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease. DDAVP also shortens the prolonged skin bleeding time in patients with uremia, liver cirrhosis, and platelet dysfunctions and is given to prevent or stop excessive bleeding in such conditions. Finally, there is evidence that DDAVP can reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements during and after surgical operations in which blood losses are unusually large. Hence DDAVP is useful as a nontransfusional hemostatic agent in many of the bleeding disorders frequently encountered in clinical practice.
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PMID:Desmopressin: a nontransfusional hemostatic agent. 218 48

Desmopressin and vasopressin were used to control massive haemoptysis in a patient with cystic fibrosis. After bolus doses a continuous infusion of vasopressin was maintained for 36 hours and haemoptysis stopped.
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PMID:Life threatening haemoptysis in cystic fibrosis: an alternative therapeutic approach. 203 39

The pituitary neural lobe of homozygous Brattleboro rats has high rates of glucose utilization not affected by chronic treatment with exogenous vasopressin, despite attenuation of polydipsia and polyuria. We evaluated whether this effect may result from the inability of vasopressin to affect the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial metabolism or from the development of resistance to chronic vasopressin treatment. We used the [14C]deoxyglucose method to compare 28-h effects of vasopressin treatment (5 U/kg, i.m., twice a day) with that of desmopressin (100 micrograms/kg, i.p., once a day), a long-lasting antidiuretic hormone, on glucose utilization of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system and related structures in conscious homozygous Brattleboro rats. Vasopressin and desmopressin reduced water intake, plasma osmolality and plasma Na+ concentration similarly. Vasopressin decreased glucose utilization in the supraoptic nucleus, subfornical organ and median preoptic nucleus, but did not alter activity in the paraventricular nucleus and neural lobe. Desmopressin decreased glucose utilization in all these structures. The results indicate that desmopressin has a more potent inhibitory action on the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system than vasopressin over this short duration of treatment. The lack of response in the neural lobe from chronic treatment with vasopressin seems to be due to its inability to affect the paraventricular nucleus metabolism. The maintenance of metabolic activity in the paraventricular nucleus of vasopressin-treated Brattleboro rats suggests that this structure contributes importantly to the metabolism of neural lobe.
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PMID:Desmopressin, but not vasopressin, decreases activity of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in Brattleboro rats. 234 62


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