Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to clarify the nature of histaminergic neuromodulation of the vasopressinergic system, several studies under different experimental paradigms were carried out. L-Histidine loads (8 mmol/kg, i.p.) induced a marked increase in histamine (HA) in the anterior (AHR) and posterior (PHR) hypothalamic regions, the median eminence (ME) and adenohypophysis (Ah) with no apparent effect on the concentration of HA in the neurohypophysis (Nh), as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. These findings correlated with decreases in vasopressin (VP) levels in the AHR and ME, accompanied by increases of the neuropeptide in the PHR and Ah. Intraperitoneal injections of HA (6 mumol/kg), resulted in a significant (p less than 0.005) rise in VP levels in the PHR, ME and Ah. HA induced an elevation of VP in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) from 6.23 +/- 2.02 to 43 +/- 4.05 microU/mg, as well as a 60% reduction in neurohypophyseal VP. These HA-induced VP responses were abolished by both mepyramine (3 mumol/kg) and famotidine (4 mumol/kg) in the PHR and PFC. Mepyramine suppressed the HA-induced VP response in the Ah and enhanced it in the Nh, while famotidine did the opposite. When alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (FMH), an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, was administered at doses of 100 mg/kg/day (i.p.), hypothalamic HA levels fell by 40-45% after 1 h, by 50% after 3 h, and by 65-80% after 24 h in adrenalectomized rats. In the same conditions, but after a week of treatment with FMH, the VP response to adrenalectomy was clearly impaired.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Histaminergic neuromodulation of the release of vasopressin. 303 9

The role of histamine (H) and prostaglandins (PGs) in the renal vasoconstriction prompted by a 10-min intrarenal infusion of norepinephrine (NE, 0.2 micrograms), antidiuretic hormone (ADH, 10 mU), or angiotensin II (ANG II, 0.05 micrograms) was evaluated in anesthetized dogs (amounts are per min per kg). Renal blood flow (RBF, flow probe) decreased four- to fivefold during the 1st min of infusion with each agonist but then gradually returned toward base line. This "escape" was greatest with ADH, less with NE, and small with ANG II. There was a postinfusion reactive hyperemia (RH) only after NE; NE-RH was 4.26 +/- 0.75 (SE) ml/g. Meclofenamate (MFA) reduced NE-RH to 60 +/- 11% of control and decreased NE escape. The H1-receptor antagonist, chlorpheniramine (CP), decreased NE-RH to 24 +/- 5% of control and reduced NE escape. MFA slowed, but did not block, ADH escape and had little effect on ANG II escape. CP did not affect ADH or ANG II escape. The histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, p-toluenesulfonohydrazine, did not affect NE escape but decreased NE-RH to 22 +/- 6% of control. Bolus injections of ADH during a constant infusion of the hormone were not vasoactive, indicating a tachyphylaxis-like phenomenon; this was not found with ANG II or NE. Finally, the excretion of histamine-like material increased from a control value of 0.69 +/- 0.08 to 1.28 +/- 0.28 micrograms/min during NE-RH. These results indicate that NE releases histamine and PGs from the kidney and that PGs account, primarily, for NE escape, whereas histamine accounts, primarily, for NE-RH.
 ...
PMID:Vasoconstrictor-induced changes in renal blood flow: role of prostaglandins and histamine. 335 83

The hypothalamus regulates numerous autonomic responses and behaviors. The neuroactive substances corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), arginine-vasopressin (AVP), histidine decarboxylase (HDC), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), and orexin/hypocretins (ORX) produced in the hypothalamus mediate a subset of these processes. Although the expression patterns of these genes have been well studied in rodents, less is known about them in humans. We combined classical histological techniques with in situ hybridization histochemistry to produce both 2D and 3D images and to visually align and quantify expression of the genes for these substances in nuclei of the human hypothalamus. The hypothalamus was arbitrarily divided into rostral, intermediate, and caudal regions. The rostral region, containing the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), was defined by discrete localization of CRF- and AVP-expressing neurons, whereas distinct relationships between HDC, MCH, and ORX mRNA-expressing neurons delineated specific levels within the intermediate and caudal regions. Quantitative mRNA signal intensity measurements revealed no significant differences in overall CRF or AVP expression at any rostrocaudal level of the PVN. HDC mRNA expression was highest at the level of the premammillary area, which included the dorsomedial and tuberomammillary nuclei as well as the dorsolateral hypothalamic area. In addition, the overall intensity of hybridization signal exhibited by both MCH and ORX mRNA-expressing neurons peaked in distinct intermediate and caudal hypothalamic regions. These results suggest that human hypothalamic neurons involved in the regulation of the HPA axis display distinct neurochemical patterns that may encompass multiple local nuclei.
 ...
PMID:Expression patterns of corticotropin-releasing factor, arginine vasopressin, histidine decarboxylase, melanin-concentrating hormone, and orexin genes in the human hypothalamus. 2088 24