Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An identical cytochrome b561 was found to be an integral component of both chromaffin vesicles from adrenal medulla and neurosecretory vesicles from posterior pituitary by spectrophotometric and immunological techniques. The neurosecretory vesicles had 6.8 micrograms of cytochrome/mg of membrane protein versus 69 micrograms/mg in chromaffin vesicles. This cytochrome was also immunologically detected in various regions of bovine brain and was immunologically distinct from the cytochrome found in serotonin-containing vesicles from platelets. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase involved in the biosynthesis of catecholamines was not present in neurosecretory vesicles, suggesting an alternative functional role for the cytochrome in these vesicles. Neurosecretory vesicles do contain a mixed function oxidase (peptidyl alpha-amidase) which appears to be involved in alpha-amidation of the carboxyl termini of vasopressin and oxytocin. We suggest that cytochrome b561 in the two vesicles may be functionally associated with different ascorbic acid-dependent, copper-containing mixed function oxidases: dopamine beta-hydroxylase and peptidyl alpha-amidase.
 ...
PMID:An identical cytochrome b561 is present in bovine adrenal chromaffin vesicles and posterior pituitary neurosecretory vesicles. 671 27

There is an increasing interest on one of the smallest human chromosomes as it is shown by the First International Symposium on the Human Chromosome 20 and by the genetic map prepared by EUROGEN. The conserved part of the long arm of human chromosome 20 is synthenic with the distal part of the mouse chromosome 2 allowing for some analogies between them. Human chromosome 20 contains several important genes for the human pathology. Mutations of one of them, the vasopressin-neurophysin II gene, are responsible for hereditary neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus. Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosin deaminase deficiency is the first human disorder successfully treated by somatic gene therapy. Spongiform encephalopathies are related to mutation and/or polymorphisms of the PRNP amyloid gene. One form of benign familiar neonatal convulsions is mapped to a specific locus on chromosome 20. In some families, maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is caused by alterations of a hypothetical gene closely linked to the ADA locus. Allegile syndrome is often associated with deletions and microdeletions of the short arm of the chromosome. Finally, deletions of the long arm of the chromosome is a frequent finding in several hematologic malignities, specifically in myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes.
 ...
PMID:[The human genome--chromosome 20]. 748 83

The mechanisms by which cannabinoids alter coronary vascular tone and cardiac performance are controversial. We investigated the effects of various cannabinoids in spontaneously beating Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. Bolus injections of anandamide (0.1-1 micromol) caused no change in coronary flow (CF) or left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP). In hearts preperfused with vasopressin to induce vasoconstrictor tone, anandamide or the selective CB1 receptor agonist ACEA (1-100 nmol) dose-dependently increased CF by up to 267% and LVSP by 20 mm Hg. The metabolically stable endocannabinoid derivatives, R-methanandamide and noladin ether, displayed similar effects. In contrast, Delta-THC (10-100 nmol), the major psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, strongly decreased CF and LVSP. The CB2 receptor agonist JWH-133 (10-100 nmol) elicited vasodilator and positive inotropic effects only at higher doses. The CB1 antagonists SR141716A and AM-251 as well as the potassium channel inhibitors tetraethylammonium and iberiotoxin blocked the anandamide-induced increases in CF and LVSP, whereas the CB2 antagonist SR144528 and the putative "CB3 antagonist" O-1918 did not have an inhibitory effect. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of cardiac CB1 but no CB2 receptors. Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol were detected in heart tissue. However, combined application of fatty acid amidohydrolase inhibitors and the transport inhibitor AM-404 to augment tissue levels of endocannabinoids was without effect on CF or LVSP. We conclude that in the rat isolated heart with reestablished vasoconstrictor tone, cannabinoids including anandamide elicit coronary vasodilation and a secondary increase in contractility via CB1 receptors and potassium channels.
 ...
PMID:Coronary vasodilator effects of endogenous cannabinoids in vasopressin-preconstricted unpaced rat isolated hearts. 1611 41