Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thermoregulatory reactions evoked by selective preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (PO/AH) heating in conscious rabbits were associated with significant changes in renal function. Urine flow rate decreased from a control value of 0.92 +/- (S.E.) 0.08 to 0.47 +/- 0.07 ml/min after 10-20 min of heating, urine osmolality increased from 273 +/- 34 to 417 +/- 46 Osm/kg H2O, and free water clearance per 100 ml GFR decreased from 1.11 +/- 0.46 to -0.50 +/- 0.23 ml/min. These changes were followed by a gradual recovery despite continued heating. Clearances of exogenous creatinine and p-aminohippurate fell transiently during the first 10 min of heating and then returned to normal. Plasma antidiuretic activity (ADA) measured by rat bioassay increased regularly and markedly during PO/AH heating but was poorly correlated with changes in urine concentration. Moreover, a similar increase in plasma ADA observed with selective heating of a different brain area (supraoptic nucleus) never produced urine concentration or other renal changes. This suggests that a large and variable fraction of ADA appearing in rabbit blood in response to thermal stimuli was not identical with antidiuretic hormone. Therefore, the causal relationship of ADH release and antidiuresis associated with thermoregulatory reactions could not be clearly demonstrated. The physiological role of renal water conservation would be to compensate for extrarenal water loss related to thermal sweating or panting.
 ...
PMID:Renal function changes during preoptic-anterior hypothalamic heating in the rabbit. 56 82

The stress of motion sickness was experimentally provoked by Coriolis effect. Significant and reproducible increases from the basal serum level (delta mean +/- S.E.) of antidiuretic hormone delta - ADH: 48.2 +/- 4.6 pg/ml; p less than 0.0005), of growth hormone (delta - hGH: 10.0 +/- 1.2 ng/ml; p less than 0.0005), of prolactin (delta - hPRL: 186.5 +/- 29.9 muU/ml; p less than 0.0005), and of cortisol (delta - F; 12.3 +/- 0.9 microgram%; p less than 0.0005) were observed, whereas the luteinizing hormone levels did not change significantly. The stimulation of hormone secretion induced by different degrees of motion sickness seems to correlate with the severity of motion sickness. The secretion of antidiuretic hormones is the most sensitive indicator for the stress of motion sickness whereas growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol responses to the stress of motion sickness are more delayed and less pronounced.
 ...
PMID:Increased secretion of growth hormone, prolactin, antidiuretic hormone, and cortisol induced by the stress of motion sickness. 62 65

Post-traumatic diabetes insipidus was observed in 14 among 702 patients with severe trauma. The cause of the abnormal vasopressin secretion may be cerebral oedema, cerebral contusion near the hypothalamus, pull on the hypophyseal stalk by displacement or gross destruction of the brainstem. The hormonal hypofunction disappears once the cerebral damage has regressed. Treatment consists of exact balancing of water and electrolyte loss, using salt-free solutions. Drug treatment with vasopressin and with ADH-secretion stimulators has given unsatisfactory results, but should be used. Seven of the 14 patients died of their injuries. The symptoms of the diabetes insipidus syndrome regressed in the survivors.
 ...
PMID:[Post-traumatic diabetes insipidus syndrome (author's transl)]. 62 50

We have investigated the effect of indomethacin and DDAVP on water excretion in a patient with familial Bartter's syndrome in whom urinary concentration was impaired during ad libitum fluid intake without any decrease in maximal concentrating ability. In response to indomethacin urine osmolality and free water reabsorption increased, simultaneously with the decrease in the excretion of prostaglandin E2. The indomethacin induced improvement was however less than that obtained after DDAVP with or without indomethacin. The results can be interpreted on the basis of either a direct "vasopressin-like" action of indomethacin or abolishment of the peripheral vasopressin--prostaglandin interaction. The clinical implication is that the theoretical possibility of indomethacin-induced inappropriate ADH syndrome should be borne in mind when a patient is treated with this drug on a long term basis.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacologic studies in Bartter's syndrome: effect of DDAVP and indomethacin on renal concentrating operation. Part II. 63 67

The influence of the prevailing PaCO2 on the water-retaining effects of sustained elevations in ADH was assessed by administering vasopressin (5 U in oil, twice daily) and a fixed water intake to dogs with eucapnia (n, 7), chronic hypercapnia (n, 6), and chronic hypocapnia (n, 8). Although water excretion initially fell to a similar extent in all three groups, cumulative water retention by day 4 of vasopressin administration was 77 mg/kg in the hypocapnic group, 46 ml/kg in the eucapnic group, and only 14 ml/kg in the hypercapnic group. These differences were reflected in a marked disparity in the degree of hyposmolality of body fluids, plasma osmolality falling by day 4 to an average value of 223, 237, and 268 mosmol/kg in the hypocapnic, eucapnic, and hypercapnic animals, respectively. In a separate group of dogs, water deprivation and water loading studies revealed that sustained hypercapnia does not affect the maximal concentrating or diluting ability of the kidney. We conclude, therefore, that the striking influence of the prevailing PaCO2 on the water-retaining effects of administered vasopressin cannot be ascribed to an altered responsiveness of the nephron per se, but that this influence reflects an alteration in the ease with which the kidney can escape from the antidiuretic effects of this substance.
 ...
PMID:Influence of steady-state PaCO2 on escape from ADH-induced water retention in the dog. 64 65

Seven chronically prepared dogs (electromagnetic flow transducers around the pulmonary and left renal artery, left atrial catheter) maintained on a controlled sodium and water intake were studied. About 20 h after the last intake of food and water, the effects of i.v. methohexitone (initial dose: 6.10 +/- 0.84 mg/kg bw; sustaining infusion: 0.34 +/- 0.10 mg/min.kg bw) on renal excretion of sodium, potassium, urea and water as well as on several haemodynamic values were investigated over a period of 60 min (MP) after a control period (CP) of 60 min in the unanaesthetized state. In 18 of 19 experiments water diuresis (U/Posm less than 1) was observed between 20 and 40 min after starting the administration of methohexitone. Urine volume increased from 44 +/- 21 microliter/min.kg bw (CP) to 104 +/- 62 microliter/min.kg bw (MP).I.v. administration of arginine-vasopressin (ADH) completely abolished water diuresis. During MP, there was a decrease in cardiac output (-11%), stroke volume (-36%) and left atrial pressure (-27%), heart rate increased (+ 43%). Mean arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow did not change. It is assumed-as plasma osmolality did not change-that the central release of antidiuretic hormone is suppressed by methohexitone.
 ...
PMID:[Water diuresis during methohexitone anaesthesia. Studies in chronically instrumented dogs (author's transl)]. 65 67

A slight optokinetic stimulation induces a significant increase of serum levels of antidiuretic hormone 1,1 +/- 0.8 pg/ml (mean +/- SD) to 3,3 +/- 1,9 pg/ml (mean +/- SD). Serum levels of gGH and cortisol remain unchanged, whereas serum prolactin levels decrease slightly. The ADH secretion seems to be the most sensitive hormonal parameter of the stimulation of the vestibular nuclei induced either by the optokinetic stimulation or by the Coriolis effect.
 ...
PMID:[Pituitary hormone secretion induced by optokinetic stimulation (author's transl)]. 68 96

The water metabolism was studied in homo- and heterozygous Brattleboro rats suffering from hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. In homozygous Brattleboro rats the spontaneous water intake and urinary output and the diuretic reactions signficantly increased after water and salt loading. No antidiuretic activity was found in the urine, posterior pituitary or hypothalamus of these animals, and this state was not affected by hyperosmosis. For the heterozygous rats the spontaneous water intake and urinary output and the diuretic reaction exceed the respective control values, the posterior pituitary, the hypothalamus and the urine are of reduced antidiuretic activity and this activity is less mobilizable by hyperosmosis. It is concluded that the ADH-reserve deficiency is total in the homozygous Brattleboro rats, and partial in the heterozygotes. As a result of hyperosmosis, the vasopressin release is of a reduced extent, yet detectable in the heterozygotes.
 ...
PMID:The ADH-reserve capacity in Brattleboro rats. 74 41

The antidiuretic effects of graded intravenous and intranasal doses of a new vasopressin analogue (DDAVP) were investigated in two groups of patients with pituitary diabetes insipidus. In the first group, three patients with a high requirement of maintenance doses of peroral anti-diuretic drugs were included; and in the second group, ten patients with a normal (usual) requirement were included. Comparing the antidiuretic responses during 24-hour collection periods, DDAVP, on a microgram basis, was less effective in the "high peroral-dose requirement" patients. The duration of action of single intravenous doses (0.04-24 micrograms) of DDAVP was significantly shortened in the "high peroral-dose requirement" group. However, comparing the peak responses induced by increasing doses of DDAVP in the two groups, there was no demonstrable diminution in the anti-diuretic ability of DDAVP in the "high peroral-dose requirement" patients. Although the possibility of a smaller remnant reserve of ADH was also considered, shortened duration of action ot DDAVP suggests more probably enhanced metabolic breakdown of vasopressin in "high peroral-dose requirement" patients.
 ...
PMID:Shortened duration of action of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) in patients with diabetes insipidus requiring high doses of peroral antidiuretic drugs. 78 14

The effect of CPB on plasma ADH levels, urine flow, and urine osmolality was studied in nine patients. All patients received morphine, 1 mg. per kilogram, and 50 per cent nitrous oxide-50 per cent oxygen for anesthesia. CPB utilized a Travenol disposable bubble oxygenator and the prime consisted of 3 L. of Ringer's lactate. Measurements were made prior to induction of anesthesia , at 30 minutes following surgical incision, and at 15, 30, and 45 minutes during CPB. There were no statistically significant changes in mean arterial BP, cardiac index, serum sodium, or serum osmolality in any period. Urine flow increased from 0.99 +/- 0.3 ml. per minute to a high of 6.13 +/- 2.0 ml. per minute at 30 minute at 30 minutes on CPB (P less than 0.02). Urine osmolality declined from a control value of 691 +/- 142 mOsm. per kilogram to a low of 425 +/- 48 mOsm. per kilogram at 45 minutes on CPB (p less than 0.05). ADH levels rose from a control value of 4.3 +/- 1.5 to 13.0 +/- 3.3 pg. per milliliter with surgical stimulatiion (p less than 0.05). During CPB the ADH levels rose to a peak of 23.7 +/- 3.6 pg. per milliliter at 30 minutes (p less than 0.01) and were declining at 45 minutes. These data suggest that the stress of CPB results in an outpouring of ADH (or vasopressin) to function as a pressor to produce an increase in peripheral resistance. The ADH concentrations far exceed those required for normal physiologic control of water excretion and the urineflow will thus vary more with the hemodynamic changes than with the ADH levels.
 ...
PMID:Antidiuretic hormone levels during cardiopulmonary bypass. 83 Oct 6


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>