Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Desmopressin acetate (DA) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin that may improve perioperative coagulation in cardiac surgical patients. Twenty-seven adult patients with good left ventricular function and normal preoperative coagulation profiles scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery participated in the double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The 14 patients in the DA group received the drug over 10 minutes (starting 15 minutes after protamine administration). The 13 patients in the placebo group received an equal volume of saline. Preoperative template bleeding time was longer in the placebo group (P = 0.04). Otherwise, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in demographics, coagulation variables, renal concentrating function, blood loss, or transfusion requirements at any study interval. The only significant hemodynamic differences detected were an increase in cardiac output in the DA group and a corresponding decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Five of 13 patients who received DA required treatment for hypotension, whereas none of 12 patients who received placebo required treatment during the infusion (P = 0.008). The authors conclude that DA causes mild vasodilation, but does not reduce blood loss or transfusion requirements in patients undergoing primary uncomplicated cardiac surgical procedures.
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PMID:Desmopressin acetate is a mild vasodilator that does not reduce blood loss in uncomplicated cardiac surgical procedures. 186 25

We evaluated 38 newborns with acute renal failure (plasma creatinine (Pcr) concentration greater than = 1.5 mg/dl), measured between the 2nd and 5th days. We used renal ultrasound to exclude the possibility of congenital renal anomalies, obstructive pathology or vascular disorders. We calculated the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using Schwartz' formula and the maximal concentrating capacity using intranasal administration of desamino-cis-1-D-arginine-8-vasopressin (DDAVP test). Two newborns were treated with peritoneal dialysis and died during the first month of life. Thirty-six had a follow-up blood sample drawn: 24 preterm babies between 1 and 12 months, and 12 full-term babies between 1 and 36 months of life. From this sampling 4 babies (11.1%) showed defective maximal concentrating ability. Our data reveal the persistence of altered concentrating ability in newborns affected by renal failure and shows that this problem needs a longitudinal study and further diagnostic investigations.
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PMID:The prognostic significance of acute neonatal renal failure. 186 76

The influence of arginine vasotocin (AVT) on the interrenal secretion of the clawed toad (Xenopus laevis) was studied combining in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vivo: A single injection of 3 nmol AVT per 100 g body weight was given, and the concentrations of corticosterone and aldosterone in the serum were measured after 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr. The serum levels of both steroids remained elevated over 6 hr and declined to normal levels within 12 hr. The increase of the aldosterone concentration was relatively stronger than that of corticosterone. In vitro: A perifusion system was used to study the influence of AVT concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 50 nM on the secretion rates of corticosterone and aldosterone. The response of the interrenals was dose dependent; corresponding to the in vivo results, the elevation rate was higher for aldosterone than for corticosterone. The effects of several nonapeptides were compared. AVT was most effective, followed by mesotocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP). Isotocin and oxytocin had less effect. The selective agonist of the mammalian V2 receptor (1-deamino-8-D-arginine)-vasopressin (DDAVP) did not stimulate the interrenals, while the V1 receptor-selective antagonist ((1-beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-(O-methyl)-tyrosine)-AVP could not diminish the stimulation by AVT. Thus, the AVT receptor of the amphibian interrenal must be a special one and is different from the V1 and V2 types of mammals. In a comparison of the effects of AVT with other stimulators such as ACTH(1-28) or urotensin II, it was found that the sensitivity of the interrenals to AVT was similar to that of these peptides. The results indicate that AVT plays an important role in the osmomineral regulation of Xenopus laevis by acting on the corticosteroid secretion of the interrenals.
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PMID:Neurohypophysial hormones and steroidogenesis in the interrenals of Xenopus laevis. 196 9

Although several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of the vasopressin analog DDAVP in enhancing human cognition, few previous studies have explored possible interactions of treatment with DDAVP and gender in healthy young adults. The present study was undertaken to explore the effects of treatment with DDAVP on gender-specific tasks. Male and female volunteers were treated with either DDAVP or saline and asked to recall lists of words and to perform the Paper Folding and Stroop Color Word Tests. Although treatment with DDAVP produced few effects in these tasks, the effects that were noted involved impairment of performance.
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PMID:Effects of DDAVP on gender-specific verbal and visuospatial tasks in healthy young adults. 208 43

A patient with acquired von Willebrand's disease (type I) had both plasma cell dyscrasia and angiodysplasia of the intestine. Based on examination of the components of F VIII/von Willebrand's factor (VWF) and the results obtained following the administration of cryoprecipitate and DDAVP (1-desamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin), it was suggested that the production and release of VIII/VWF was normal and the rapid disappearance from the circulation was related to adsorption by abnormal cells in the bone marrow. The relation of acquired von Willebrand's disease, plasma cell dyscrasia and angiodysplasia is discussed and the literature reviewed. Our patient is added to three previous reported cases of such an association of these three disorders.
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PMID:Association of von Willebrand's disease with plasma cell dyscrasia and gastrointestinal angiodysplasia. 212 64

The effect of the synthetic vasopressin derivative 1-desamino-8D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP = Minrin) on bleeding time was studied in nine patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome; four of them were Dutch, five were Belgian. Shortening of bleeding time was observed in four of the patients with this type of storage pool disease; in one patient the response was equivocal, in two patients the response was not dramatic and in two there was no response at all. DDAVP may be useful in managing the bleeding disorder in some patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Therefore, every patient with this syndrome should be tested with DDAVP as a preventive measure.
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PMID:The Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Variable reaction to 1-desamino-8D-arginine vasopressin for correction of the bleeding time. 212 69

Three patients with congenital, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) from two unrelated families were tested for haemostatic and fibrinolytic responses to DDAVP infusion and venous occlusion. None of the three patients showed a response of factor VIII:C, vWF:Ag or t-PA to DDAVP, a V2-agonist. However, the baseline levels of these factors in the patients' plasma were normal and during venous occlusion a rise in t-PA antigen and t-PA activity was observed in all patients. One patient showed a definite response of the t-PA antigen level to exercise. It is concluded that (extrarenal) V2-receptor-mediated responses are absent in these patients, but that baseline homeostasis and the response to venous occlusion and physical exertion are intact. Presumably, these depend on other mechanisms. This observation denies a central role for vasopressin receptors in the on-demand regulation of clotting and clot dissolving properties of the blood.
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PMID:Normal homeostasis of fibrinolysis in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in spite of defective V2- receptor-mediated responses of tissue plasminogen activator release. 213 55

Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone L-arginine vasopressin. Because it can raise circulating levels of Factor VIII and of von Willebrand's factor, DDAVP is used for nontransfusional treatment of mild and moderate hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease. DDAVP also shortens the prolonged skin bleeding time in patients with uremia, liver cirrhosis, and platelet dysfunctions and is given to prevent or stop excessive bleeding in such conditions. Finally, there is evidence that DDAVP can reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements during and after surgical operations in which blood losses are unusually large. Hence DDAVP is useful as a nontransfusional hemostatic agent in many of the bleeding disorders frequently encountered in clinical practice.
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PMID:Desmopressin: a nontransfusional hemostatic agent. 218 48

Hemostatic defects resulting in life-threatening hemorrhagic episodes are a common occurrence in the chronic renal failure patient. Hemorrhagic tendencies correlate best with laboratory tests of bleeding times. The identification of a specific hemostatic defect and its role in bleeding dyscrasias has yet to be elucidated. Our studies demonstrate that factor VIII coagulant activity and factor VIII related antigen (vWF:Ag) are normal or greatly elevated in uremic renal failure patients with greatly prolonged bleeding times. The multimeric state of the von Willebrand factor is also normal in these patients. The bleeding times were normalized in all 15 patients, 90 minutes post-infusion with desmopressin (DDAVP). No significant changes in factor VIII/vWF associated properties, blood cell counts, or coagulation factors were observed post-DDAVP treatment. However, a significant increase in platelet serotonin uptake (p less than .025) and ATP release (p less than .025) was detected after DDAVP treatment. These results indicate that DDAVP acts on the platelet membrane. This is further substantiated by the ability of DDAVP to block vasopressin-induced platelet aggregation in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Perturbations in the movement and storage of serotonin and the release of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the platelets of uremic individuals are proposed to play a critical role in regulating bleeding times.
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PMID:Desmopressin-induced improvement in bleeding times in chronic renal failure patients correlates with platelet serotonin uptake and ATP release. 226 75

Although water alone taken in sufficient amount should correct any metabolic abnormality, a proper therapy is available to reduce the symptoms of the diabetes insipidus. In patients with reduced circulating levels of vasopressin, chlorpropamide, clofibrate, idroclorotiazide etc., enhance the effect of vasopressin on the renal tubule or induce a release of vasopressin, thus reducing the diuresis. On the contrary patients with complete diabetes insipidus require replacement therapy. Different forms of extractive vasopressin unfortunately are available: "aqueous vasopressin", "tannate vasopressin" in a suspension of peanut oil etc., are provided of many side-effects because of the impurities in their preparation. DDAVP is a synthetic analogous of natural vasopressin more specific for antidiuresis and with a long-activity. This compound available in a buffered aqueous solution is administrated by blowing into the nose. In our experience, 23 patients with different forms of central diabetes insipidus have successfully treated with 2-3 daily administrations of this drug without any side effect. The recent demonstration that DDAVP given orally exerts an antidiuretic activity in patients with diabetes insipidus is of therapeutic interest. It is conceivable that DDAVP in a properly formulated tablet will become a therapeutic option for the future treatment of patients with central diabetes insipidus.
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PMID:[Treatment of diabetes insipidus]. 227 21


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