Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma arginine vasopressin (PAV) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay during the diurnal cycle in 8 recombent healthy male subjects. Two subjects were studied again 3 weeks later while receiving 1 mycles. In 8 out of 10 cycles, a nocturnal increase in PAV was found; there was a progressive rise during the night in 5 subjects and a peak occurred at 2400 or 3400 h. In 1 subject no variation was detected and in another, the pattern was compleetly different. The mean PAV in the 10 cycles was significantly (P less than 0.001) higher during the night than during the day. Dexamethasone did not modify the pattern of variation, but induced a significant (P less than 0.001) decrease in PAV. Hematocrit remained stable throughout the study as did osmolality, except at 2000 h, when a significant (P less than 0.001) increase (5 mOsm) on average occurred in every subject. Blood sugar, sodium or chloride did not account for the observed rise in osmolality and no simultaneous change in PAV occurred. A rise in PAV explains, to some extent, the known nocturnal decrease in urine output. Diurnal variations in PAV must be taken into account in clinical investigations involving vasopressin.
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PMID:Diurnal variation of plasma vasopressin in man. 117 96

Excessive nocturnal diuresis and natriuresis have been reported in patients with sleep apnea. The mechanisms responsible for these alternations in nocturnal renal function have not been clearly identified. To gain further insight into this matter, we studied 12 patients (one woman) with a mean +/- SD age of 50 +/- 9 yr and body mass index of 36.9 +/- 8.6 kg/m2. Polysomnography showed in all a sleep apnea syndrome with an apnea-hyponea index (AHI) of 81.3 +/- 41.7. Treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) resulted in an AHI of 19.4 +/- 13.7 and in normalization of sleep characteristics. Diurnal renal function was normal in all subjects. Although untreated, patients showed an abolition of the well-known decrease in diuresis and natriuresis during the night (diurnal and nocturnal diuresis 56.3 +/- 26.8 and 77.2 +/- 33.4 ml/h, respectively, p = NS; diurnal and nocturnal fractional urinary Na+ excretion 0.42 +/- 0.09 and 0.70 +/- 0.55 ml/100 ml glomerular filtration [GF], respectively, p = NS). Results of nocturnal studies under nCPAP therapy showed a significant decrease in diuresis and natriuresis (nocturnal diuresis before and under nCPAP, respectively: 90.4 +/- 27.3 and 70.6 +/- 25.1 ml/h, p less than 0.02; nocturnal fractional urinary sodium excretion before and under nCPAP, respectively: 0.76 +/- 0.53 and 0.44 +/- 0.37 ml/100 ml GF, p less than 0.03). Morning blood levels of renin, aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, epinephrine, and atrial natriuretic factor showed no significant difference before and under nCPAP, whereas norepinephrine significantly decreased from 309.5 +/- 104.2 before to 230.4 +/- 88.4 pg/ml under nCPAP (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Diurnal and nocturnal diuresis and natriuresis in obstructive sleep apnea. Effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy. 843 Sep 77

1. Diurnal changes in plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were investigated in seven normal volunteers studied under standardized conditions of dietary sodium, posture and physical activity. After completion of the diurnal study serial measurements of these variables were continued during, and on recovery from, a 2 day period of severe sodium depletion. 2. Clear diurnal variations in plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were observed. 3. Plasma ANP concentrations also varied significantly over 24 h. Values peaked about mid-day and a distinct trough in peptide concentrations occurred in the early evening. However, variations in plasma ANP values were of relatively small amplitude and not clearly independent of modest parallel shifts in sodium balance. 4. Changes in plasma ANP concentrations both within the diurnal study period and during sodium deprivation were closely and positively correlated with concomitant changes in cumulative sodium balance. 5. No simple parallel or reciprocal relationships between plasma concentrations of ANP, on the one hand, and concurrent plasma concentrations of other hormones or in the rate of urinary sodium excretion, on the other, were observed during the 25 h of the diurnal study.
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PMID:Diurnal change in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations. 296 Apr 80

Diurnal changes in vasopressin and oxytocin levels in cerebrospinal fluid were investigated under normal diurnal conditions. The patients examined had ruptured intracranial aneurysms, and underwent neck-clipping operations and continuous drainage from the basal cistern. All of the patients recovered consciousness without signs of neurological deficit. The investigations were conducted for 2 days starting 5-9 days after the neck-clipping operations were performed. The oxytocin concentration decreased as night fell, remained low during this period and then increased during the day. The vasopressin level demonstrated no definite rhythmic tendency. No correlation was revealed between the changes in the concentrations of either vasopressin or oxytocin in the cerebrospinal fluid and the osmolality.
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PMID:Diurnal changes in vasopressin and oxytocin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of post-operative patients with intracranial aneurysms. 320 3

Diurnal changes in the expression of the vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) genes in the supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN) and suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the rat were investigated by dot-blot and in situ hybridization of the VP and OT mRNAs. A significant diurnal variation in VP mRNA level was measured in the SCN, with highest levels around 17.00 h and lowest levels around midnight. No variations in levels of VP mRNA and OT mRNA were detected in SON and PVN. The data indicate that the regulation of the VP gene in the SCN is independent of that in the magnocellular nuclei.
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PMID:Diurnal variation in vasopressin and oxytocin messenger RNAs in hypothalamic nuclei of the rat. 321 75

Diurnal rhythms in the concentrations of vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) differ between species and are unrelated to changes in the levels of these hormones in the peripheral circulation. We have investigated neurohypophysial hormone rhythms in the CSF of the conscious goat by determining whether they are entrained by daily cycles of light and darkness and by assessing the effect of the suppression of plasma cortisol. Goats were implanted with cisternal cannulae under halothane anaesthesia and allowed to recover. They were accustomed to a 12 h light:12 h darkness lighting cycle (lights on from 07.30 to 19.30 h). After initial serial CSF and plasma sampling the daily cycle of light and darkness was reversed. Three goats were kept in constant light for 8 days before the study and five were given dexamethasone (5 mg/12 h) for 4 days. There was a significant (P less than 0.01) diurnal variation in CSF concentrations of AVP, with a maximum of 3.6 +/- 0.8 (S.E.M.) pmol/l at 12.00 h and a minimum of 1.4 +/- 0.3 pmol/l at 24.00 h. There were no significant changes in CSF concentrations of oxytocin or plasma AVP. After the light:darkness cycle was reversed the AVP rhythm in the CSF was disrupted after 24 h and reversed after 8 days. The diurnal rhythm of AVP in CSF persisted in animals exposed to constant light. After treatment with dexamethasone plasma cortisol was suppressed and showed no diurnal rhythm but the AVP rhythm in CSF remained unchanged.
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PMID:Diurnal rhythm of vasopressin but not of oxytocin in the cerebrospinal fluid of the goat: lack of association with plasma cortisol rhythm. 366 36

Under controlled light-dark cycle (LD 12:12) and two hydratory conditions, mongrel dogs display marked day-night variations in urine flow and in its constituents. Diurnal peaks were found in urine flow and sodium excretion, while nocturnal peaks were observed in osmolality and potassium excretion. Diuretic responses, after fluid intake, were consistently faster and higher during the day than during the night. Nocturnal increases were found in plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH), in aldosterone and in plasma renin activity (PRA), which could partially explain the present results. In all dogs there was a decrease in ADH level in the early morning hours which could account for the increased urine flow and decreased osmolality observed at this time. Plasma cortisol did not show significant temporal variations throughout the 24-hour period. Kidney denervation did not alter the day-night variations in urinary flow, sodium and osmolality, but affected the pattern of potassium excretion. A neural control of potassium excretion pattern, probably mediated by PRA-aldosterone is tentatively postulated.
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PMID:Day-night variations in urine excretions and hormones in dogs: role of autonomic innervation. 390 8

Direct determination of cortisol (F) in human saliva and its clinical applications were investigated. For this purpose, a solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) was carried out. The detection limits for F in 50 and 400 microliter of saliva were 0.125 and 0.0156 micrograms/100 ml, respectively, and the intra-assay coefficient of variation was 5.9--12.2%. Salivary F levels measured by this method were in good agreement with those by the RIA after extraction with dichlormethane reported previously. Salivary F levels were studied in 10 healthy adults with regard to diurnal rhythms, in rapid ACTH tests, and following intravenous injections of 20 mg F, and they showed almost similar changes to serum unbound F levels. Diurnal variations of salivary F in 8 normal children were nearly the same as those in healthy adults. In patients with Cushing's syndrome, neither normal diurnal rhythm of salivary F nor suppressed salivary F with dexamethasone were observed. Patients with adrenocortical insufficiency showed a lack of responsiveness in salivary F levels to stimulation with ACTH or lysin-vasopressin. These findings suggest that salivary F can be measured directly by the solid phase RIA and accurately reflects serum unbound F. The method is simple, accurate and useful for assessing adrenocortical function, especially in pediatric subjects and/or outpatients.
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PMID:Direct assay of cortisol in human saliva by solid phase radioimmunoassay and its clinical applications. 627 17

Diurnal changes in the intranuclear release of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) in the suprachiasmatic (SCN), paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) of the rat were studied by means of brain microdialysis. A significant diurnal variation in VP release in the SCN was detected, with the highest levels occurring during midday and a trough around midnight. OT release from the SCN was below detection limit. The release of neither of these neurohypophysial peptides showed diurnal variations within the PVN or SON.
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PMID:In vivo measurement of a diurnal variation in vasopressin release in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. 755 30

To investigate the development of Arg-vasopressin (AVP) content and its diurnal rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), AVP was measured by enzyme immunoassay in the rat pup SCN punched out from tissue slices obtained at postnatal day (PD) 1, 5, 10, 12 and 20 from animals maintained under a light-dark cycle (LD). The AVP levels, measured at a restricted time of day, increased from PD1 reaching the adult level at PD10-12. Diurnal rhythm similar to that in adults was evident at PD10-12 under the LD conditions used. The peak value of AVP was observed at the earlier light period, and its trough occurred at the end of the light period. The circadian rhythm remained for 7 days under constant dark (DD) or constant light (LL) conditions. These results indicate that the AVP, one of the output signals from the SCN, starts to oscillate after PD10-12, and shows a free-running rhythm during the nursing period.
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PMID:Arg-vasopressin content in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of rat pups: circadian rhythm and its development. 778 Nov 68


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