Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

PMS is probably a group of entities which include various symptoms that occur during the 7 to 10 days before menstruation and disappear a few hours after the onset of menstruation. The definition of PMS lacks objective criteria. The most common symptoms are irritability, bloating, aggressiveness, mastodynia, and headaches. The prevalence of PMS is estimated at 30 to 40 per cent. PMS is more prevalent among women working outside the home, alcoholics, women of high parity, and women with toxemic tendency; it probably runs in families. The etiology of PMS is no less obscure to us than when it was first described by Frank in 1931. No single theory has been established to explain the entire diversity of PMS symptomatology. The multitude of possible etiologic factors includes psychosocial bases, progesterone deficiency, prolactin excess, thyroid hypofunction, renin angiotensin alternations, antidiuretic hormone excess, decreased colloidosmotic pressure, endorphin activity alternations, serotonin metabolism alternations, prostaglandin action, vitamin deficiency, and such unconventional theories as the ovarian infection or the "yeast overgrowth" theory. A partial resolution of this divergence of hypotheses comes from the biopsychosocial model developed by Keye and Trunnel. According to this model, a biologic, perhaps genetically determined, predisposition to PMS is realized when past and present life experiences, attitudes, beliefs, coping styles, and social forces interact to stress a woman. The diagnosis of PMS is based on establishing a relationship between the luteal phase of the cycle and the symptoms. The evaluation of PMS patients includes the use of a monthly diary to scale the symptoms, a physical examination, and biochemical studies to rule out other disorders. Management includes education, reassurance, and drug therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The premenstrual syndrome. 218 58

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the female genital tract is rare, constituting less than 2% of all gynecologic malignancies. It occurs most frequently in the cervix but can also occur in the endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube, vagina, and vulva. SCC of the genital tract is microscopically indistinguishable from that of the lung. Neuroendocrine differentiation is often manifested by a histologic growth pattern, argyrophilia, ultrastructural demonstration of secretory granules, and expression of neuroendocrine markers. Patients with SCC of the female genital tract may be asymptomatic but usually present with localized pain, vaginal bleeding, abdominal bloating or a mass, or symptoms of metastasis disease to the liver, bone, lung, or regional lymph nodes. Ectopic Cushing's syndrome has been reported in SCC of the vagina, and hypercalcemia and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone have been noted with SCC of the ovary. In general, these tumors have an aggressive clinical course with a propensity for extensive local invasion and distant metastases. Therapy has included surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy akin to those regimens used for SCC of the lung. Although there are no randomized clinical trials, it appears that multimodality therapy is associated with the best results and is the treatment of choice for most patients. Despite aggressive therapy, however, the prognosis for SCC of the female genital tract is poor, with only a minority of patients enjoying a prolonged survival. Indeed, the majority of patients have an early demise with extensive distant disease. We review the clinical features, evaluation, and management of SCC of the female genital tract based on a comprehensive review of the literature.
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PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the female genital tract. 1727 Jun 67