Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of prolonged enflurane and halothane administration on urine-concentrating ability were determined in volunteers by examining their responses to vasopressin before anesthesia and on days 1 and 5 after anesthesia. A significant decrease in maximum urinary osmolality of 264 +/- 34 mOsm/kg (26 per cent of the preanesthetic value) was present on day 1 after enflurane anesthesia, whereas subjects anesthetized with halothane had a significant increase in maximum urinary osmolality of 120 +/- 44 mOsm/kg. Serum inorganic fluoride level peaked at 33.6 muM and remained above 20 muM for approximately 18 hours. Thus, the threshold level for inorganic fluoride nephrotoxicity is lower than previously suspected.
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PMID:Inorganic fluoride nephrotoxicity: prolonged enflurane and halothane anesthesia in volunteers. 84 83

Changes of an accessory neurosecretory cell group were investigated in acute experiments on cats under chloralose anesthesia. The unilateral stimulation of the supraoptic nuclei (with vasoconstrictory effect) caused activation of cells of the accessory group at the side of stimulation, and increase of the nucleolar size. No changes in the paraventricular nuclei were observed, whereas cells of the supraoptic nuclei were activated. The identity of the main and the accessory neurosecretory group reaction and literature data on histochemistry suggest that both cell groups produced vasopressin stored in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis, and acted partially as a mediator outside the hypothalamus.
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PMID:[Changes in the accessory group of hypothalamic neurosecretory cells following stimulation of the supraoptic nucleus]. 85 22

The local haemostatic and cardiovascular effects of ornithine-8-vasopressin (POR 8) 5.5 IU and adrenaline 350 microng were compared in middle ear operations in combined and methoxyflurane anaesthesia. The study was double-blind. Adrenaline had statistically significantly better haemostatic properties than POR 8 and the method of anaesthesia did not affect the difference between adrenaline and POR 8. With both methods of anaesthesia adrenaline increased systolic arterial pressure and pulse rate, and transiently increased and then decreased diastolic arterial pressure. In contrast to adrenaline, POR 8 markedly increased diastolic arterial pressure and decreased pulse rate. All the parameters studied, the vasoconstrictors, the methods of anaesthesia as well as the times of measuring statistically significantly affected the changes both in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures. Only the methods of anaesthesia markedly affected the changes in the pulse rate. Transient electrocardiographic changes occurred from 6% to 17% in different groups.
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PMID:Comparison of the haemostatic and cardiovascular effects of adrenaline and ornithine-8-vasopressin (POR 8) in middle ear operations. 85 11

1. A method is described for the serial determination of renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids in the ethanol-anaesthetized rat. It utilizes intravenous radio-labelled inulins, automated amino acid analysis and forced diuresis. 2. Intravenous loading with phenylalanine and infusion of phenylalanine analogues in this preparation decrease reabsorption of endogenous amino acids in accordance with existing concepts of amino acid transport. 3. Maximal tubular reabsorption (Tmax) could not be demonstrated for phenylalanine at plasma concentration below 9 mmol/l. 4. Infusion of phenylalanine analogues into phenylalanine-loaded ('phenylketonuric') rats did not specifically inhibit tubular reabsorption of phenylalanine and it is unlikely that any of the substances tested have a potential therapeutic use in man. 5. p-Guanidino derivatives of phenylalanine, in contrast to p-amino derivatives, appear to cause a dose-related basic aminoaciduria. 6. Consideration of urinary flow rates and sodium excretion suggests that the ethanol anesthesia does not modify amino acid reabsorption through effects on sodium transport or antidiuretic hormone.
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PMID:Effects of phenylalanine analogues on renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids in the rat. 91 60

Central angiotensin effects may include baroreceptor alterations and/or ventilated, were given angiotensin intravertebrally (10 ng/kg/min), into a lateral cerebroventricle (0.4 microgram/min) or intravenously (10 ng/kg/min). Surgery was completed under methoxyflurane anesthesia; wounds were periodically infiltrated with viscous tetracaine and the methoxyflurane discontinued. The experiments were performed with the brain unanesthetized to optimize detection of an angiotensin effect on the cardioinhibitory component of the baroreceptor reflex. Bradycardia was evoked by norepinephrine injections (2 microgram/kg i.v.). Intraventricular and intravertebral angiotensin increased basal mean blood pressure 16 mm Hg (p less than 0.05); norepinephrine-induced pressor responses and bradycardia were unaffected by the peptide. Intravenous angiotensin did not affect basal blood pressure; a 16 mm Hg increase (p less than 0.05) in the norepinephrine pressor response with no change in bradycardia was observed. Atropine reversed the norepinephrine bradycardia and increased the pressor response in all cats, thus demonstrating the integrity of the reflex. We conclude that centrally administered angiotensin produces no change in the cardioinhibitory reflex to an acute pressor stimulus. The possibility of a peripheral effect of the peptide exists. The hypertensive response observed in the conscious spinal cats after central angiotensin infusions could be due to vasopressin release and/or action of the peptide at cardiovascular sites at high spinal levels.
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PMID:Norepinephrine-induced reflex bradycardia after central administration of angiotensin II. 91 46

The effect of morphine anaesthesia on plasma antidiuretic hormone levels was studied in seven adult patients. Measurements of ADH showed no significant change with morphine and 50 per cent nitrous oxide. Significant elevation occurred with surgical stimulation as previously reported. Changes in urine flow with high doses of morphine are then not ADH related.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay of antidiuretic hormone during morphine anaesthesia. 93 66

Since Braun in 1905 first associated adrenalin with Einhorn's novocaine (procaine) to augment anaesthetic action, many attempts have been made to replace this vasoconstrictor because of the often severe inconveniences it can cause (cardiovasculopathic, arteriosclerotic, etc.). Reduction in dosimetry is recalled in brief: 1-corbasil; vasopressin; nor-adrenalin. It is personally considered that none of these measures ever successfully replaced adrenalin, nor did they prove to be so harmless as was originally believed. Finally, the refinement of biochemical research enabled more powerful and less toxic locoregional anaesthetics to be marketed and these provided ideal anaesthesia without vasoconstrictors. Pure carbocaine has been personally used exclusively for more than four years, with the two-fold advantage of practically completely avoiding any general inconvenience, particularly in cardionephrotics, diabetics, etc. and, in plexic (or terminal) injections, avoiding the threat of ischaemia which is the most frequent cause of alveolitis and of secondary haemorrhage. This locoregional anaesthetic without vasoconstrictor is therefore recommended, while the vast majority of clinics continue to use anaesthetics associated wtih non-indispensable and dangerous vasoconstrictors.
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PMID:[Local-regional dental anesthesia without vasoconstrictors]. 106 3

1. In pentobarbitone-anaesthetized dogs, prazosin (2 x 1-3 micronmol day-1 kg-1; 2 x 0-5 mg day-1 kg-1) administered orally for 3 days reduced resting aortic blood pressure as well as the pressor response to bilateral carotid occlusion. Prazosin neither affected resting heart rate nor the tachycardia induced by intravenous isoprenaline, noradrenaline and electrical stimulation of preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres. Prazosin significantly attenuated the fall in perfusion pressure in a perfused hind leg resulting from the section of the ipsilateral sympathetic lumbar chain. Furthermore, the drug inhibited by about 50% the hind-leg pressor responses elicited by intra-arterial administration of alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists and by stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic chain, without altering the effects of angiotension II. 2. Acute administration of prazosin into the innervated hind leg provoked a dose-related reduction in vascular resistance. However, after spinal anaesthesia no such an effect was observed even when vascular tone was increased by infusion of vasopressin. Under the same experimental conditions administration of papaverine induced a vasodilatation. 3. This study confirms that prazosin impairs the function of vascular alpha-adrenoreceptors, and strongly challenges the claim that this compound produces a directly mediated vasodilatation of the leg vascular bed.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of prazosin in dogs. 107 89

The metabolism and renal effects of enflurane were studied during and after anesthesia in ten surgical patients without renal disease; ten control patients received halothane. Enflurane was metabolized to inorganic fluoride with a mean peak serum level of 22.2 +/- 2.8 muM four hours after anesthesia. Urinary inorganic and organic fluoride excretions were increased but oxalic acid excretion was not, suggesting that the latter is not an enflurane metabolite. Postanesthetic renal function, including the response to vasopressin, was normal in both groups. During enflurane anesthesia renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and urinary flow rate were 77, 79, and 67 per cent of control values, respectively. In this study of patients without renal disease, metabolism of enflurane to inorganic fluoride was insufficient to cause clinically significant renal dysfunction.
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PMID:Metabolism and renal effects of enflurane in man. 124 74

The effects of iso-osmolar and hypo-osmolar volume expansion on renal water and sodium excretion were studied in dogs during light chloralose anesthesia. Saline or a hypo-osmolar of glucose and urea was given i.v. (20 ml/kg b.w.t. in 60 min). From the start of this infusion the combined weight of the hydration infusate and the dog was maintained constant by a servo system, which controlled the rate of infusion of a hypo-osmolar solution. Consequently the degree of hydration increased linearly during the infusion period after which it remained constant throughout the experiment. No increase in free water clearance was seen after iso-osmolar volume expansion. The rate of excretion of sodium increased considerably. Hypo-osmolar volume expansion provoked a water diuresis during which the rate of excretion of sodium fell to less than 0.1 mumol/kg b.w.t. min. It is concluded that under the present circumstances infusion of iso-osmolar saline is not associated with a decrease in the rate of secretion of vasopressin.
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PMID:Effects on renal water and sodium excretion of infusions of either iso-osmolar saline or a hypo-osmolar solution of non-electrolytes. 127 14


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