Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amongst the spinal peptide candidates believed to be involved in the mediation of analgesia, only somatostatin fulfills the criterium of a real analgesia substance. Spinal somatostatin specifically blocks the transmission of painful stimuli. Spinal calcitonin may lower the opioid dose requirement in patients with bone metastases but it fails to relieve acute pain. The usefulness of ACTH and CRF for treatment of pain remains to be established. The role of CCK-8, vasopressin and neurotensin is unclear. The contradictory findings on antinociception using simple rodent withdrawal reflex tests (e.g. the tail flick test), or more complex behavioral tests in which supraspinal sensory processing is involved, (e.g. the hot plate test), indicate that these tests are inappropriate when neuropeptides are employed. Furthermore, due to their inability to predict analgesia in humans, they do not fulfill the guidelines proposed by the IASP that animal test procedures have to be for the benefit of humans.
 ...
PMID:Non-opioid peptides for analgesia. 831 62

A 43-year-old woman with advanced pulmonary blastoma was admitted for worsening back pain. Her drug regimen included hydromorphone and benazepril. On admission, hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was started for acute pain control and dexamethasone for possible cord compression. Baseline laboratory tests were unremarkable, but magnetic resonance imaging revealed T3 and L3 lesions. Irradiation was started with improvement in her pain. In anticipation of discharge, a fentanyl transdermal patch was given, and PCA was tapered. Two days later, the patient became progressively confused and fell. Neurologic examination and computed brain tomography were normal. Her serum sodium was 119 mEq/L (normal 136-144 mEq/L) and was confirmed on repeat testing, urine sodium was 194 mEq/L, and urine and serum osmolalities were 554 mOsm/kg (normal 300-900 mOsm/kg) and 245 mOsm/kg (normal 280-300 mOsm/kg), respectively, consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Fluids were restricted, hydromorphone PCA was started again, and fentanyl was discontinued. After 36 hours, her serum sodium increased to 136 mEq/L. Because we were unsure whether the fentanyl or her cancer was causative and were unable to find any published reports of fentanyl-associated SIADH, we readministered the fentanyl patch 2 days later. Within 48 hours, serum sodium dropped to 123 mEq/L. Fentanyl was discontinued, fluids were restricted, and 3% saline was started. Her serum sodium increased to 132 mEq/L in 48 hours. The patient was prescribed oral hydromorphone and benazepril and was discharged. The repeated temporal relationship between the administration of fentanyl and the onset of SIADH strongly implicates fentanyl as the causative agent in this case. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fentanyl-associated SIADH.
 ...
PMID:Fentanyl-associated syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. 1222 57

Recently, there has been a growing interest in long-term consequences of neonatal pain because modern neonatal intensive care units routinely employ procedures that cause considerable pain and may be followed by local inflammation and hyperalgesia lasting for several hours or even days. To address this question, we developed a rat model of short lasting (<2 days) early local inflammatory insult produced by a single injection of 0.25% carrageenan (CAR) into the plantar surface of a hindpaw. Previously, we demonstrated that rats receiving this treatment within the first week after birth grow into adults with a global reduction in responsiveness to acute pain. Here, we report that these animals also manifest a low anxiety trait associated with reduced emotional responsiveness to stress. This conclusion is based in the following observations: (a) rats in our model display reduced anxiety on an elevated plus-maze; (b) in the forced swim test, these rats exhibit behavioral characteristics associated with stronger ability for stress coping; and (c) these animals have reduced basal and stress-induced plasma levels of such stress-related neuroendocrine markers as corticotropin-releasing factor, vasopressin, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone. In addition, we used DNA microarray and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to profile long-term changes in gene expression in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG; a region involved in both stress and pain modulation) in our animal model. Among the affected genes, serotonergic receptors were particularly well represented. Specifically, we detected increase in the expression of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C and 5-HT4 receptors. Several of these receptors are known to be involved in the anxiolytic and analgesic activity of the PAG. Finally, to determine whether neonatal inflammatory insult induces elevation in maternal care, which may play a role in generating long-term behavioral alterations seen in our model, we examined maternal behavior for 3 days following CAR injection. Indeed, we observed a substantial increase in maternal attention to the pups at the time of inflammation, but this increase was not without its cost: a period of significant maternal neglect afterward.
 ...
PMID:Alterations in stress-associated behaviors and neurochemical markers in adult rats after neonatal short-lasting local inflammatory insult. 1573 Aug 69