Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this prospective study, a series of 1812 consecutive mild head injured adult patients who visited the hospital emergency department were assessed. Twenty-eight patients (1.5%) deteriorated after head injury; 23 of these (1.3% of the series) required surgical intervention. Five patients (0.3%) deteriorated due to non-surgical causes [post-traumatic seizure 2, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 3]. Most of the deterioration occurred within the first 24 hours (57%). Post-traumatic headache was found in 280 patients (15.5%) and 84 patients (4.6%) suffered post-traumatic vomiting. The relative risk is calculated. Age over 60, presence of drowsiness, focal motor weakness, post-traumatic headache and vomiting has increased risk of deterioration (p < 0.001). This study suggests that post-traumatic headache and vomiting deserve more clinical attention rather than being considered as post-traumatic syndrome only.
 ...
PMID:Relative risk of deterioration after mild closed head injury. 874 3

A 15-year-old boy with sequelae of perinatal asphyxia experienced intractable startle-induced epileptic seizures, which were transiently suppressed with episodic vomiting. His vomiting was associated with adrenocorticotropin and antidiuretic hormone discharge, and the alteration of urinary catecholamine excretion, which might modulate epileptic seizures. Because startle-induced epileptic seizures are resistant to conventional antiepileptic therapy, this case is informative for the treatment of startle epilepsy.
 ...
PMID:Vomiting attack with ACTH and ADH discharge improves startle epilepsy. 880 77

One-hundred-and-thirty-six children below 12 years of age hospitalized with a diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) have been investigated to identify the underlying cause of convulsions. One-hundred-and-one children (74 per cent) presented with seizures before and/or during hospitalization. Generalized tonic and clonic seizures (GTCS) were the commonest (58 per cent) type of seizures followed by focal seizures (FS) (38 per cent) and tonic spasms (TS) (4 per cent). EEG changes were more frequently observed in cases with FS and in those children with GTCS who presented after first week of hospitalization. EEG findings included generalized dysrythmia with paroxysmal slow activity (38 per cent), interhemispheric asymmetry (23 per cent), multiple spike and wave pattern (10 per cent), and focal spike and wave pattern (15 per cent). CT scan findings were more common in those children with GTCS and TS who presented with recurrent seizures and/or seizures manifesting after first week of hospitalization. FS presenting at any stage of the disease were associated with CT scan abnormalities. Abnormalities detected in CT scan of brain included meningeal enhancement (55 per cent), hydrocephalus (32 per cent), tuberculomas (27 per cent), and cerebral infarctions (13 per cent). Clinical presentation and investigations indicate that the probable cause of convulsions could be attributed to cerebral edema (57 per cent), syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (35 per cent), hydrocephalus (32 per cent), tuberculoma (27 per cent), abnormal electric focus (25 per cent), and cerebral infarction (13 per cent).
 ...
PMID:Convulsions in tuberculous meningitis. 898 21

The amounts of cortisol and testosterone in the plasma or urine of Mongolian gerbils exposed to stress factors or treated subcutaneously with insulin (2 IU), vasopressin (1 IU), ACTH (6 IU) or dexamethasone (50 micrograms) were determined. Increased plasma cortisol was observed in animals stressed by ether anesthesia or immobilisation (1-4 hours), or treated with insulin, vasopressin or ACTH. Cortisol levels were reduced after dexamethasone administration. Plasma testosterone was elevated in animals stressed by ether anesthesia or handling plus seizure; no other treatment altered testosterone levels. An augmented cortisol excretion, which lasted one day, occurred in gerbils immobilised for one as well as for four hours. A much more prolonged stimulation of cortisol excretion, lasting three days, was seen in animals receiving ACTH or dexamethasone plus ACTH. Testosterone excretion was stimulated by ACTH and dexamethasone plus ACTH; it was not influenced by any other treatment. The present study shows that analysis of circulating steroid levels is the only reliable approach to assess the secretory activity of Mongolian gerbil adrenals or testes. In some experimental conditions (e.g. after stressor application or ACTH treatment) cortisol excretion may be used as an index of adrenal secretory function. In contrast, the striking differences between cortisol values present in plasma and urine of peptide-or dexamethasone-treated gerbils indicate that urinary cortisol does not reflect short-term changes of adrenal function. Similarly, the striking differences of testosterone values in plasma and urine indicate that urinary testosterone monitoring cannot be used to determine the secretory activity of gerbil testes.
 ...
PMID:Dissociation of plasma and urinary steroid values after application of stressors, insulin, vasopressin, ACTH, or dexamethasone in the Mongolian gerbil. 902 44

A 37-year-old woman undergoing laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy experienced seizures and subsequent coma on the first postoperative day. Early recognition of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone with aggressive treatment and avoidance of hypoxia resulted in full recovery without sequelae. Menstruant women are 25 times more likely to die or suffer permanent brain damage from hyponatremic encephalopathy than menopausal women.
 ...
PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone after laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. 905 May

In this study, the regulation of hypothalamic oxytocin and vasopressin messenger RNA expression following the induction of seizures was investigated by in situ hybridization. Following kainic acid-induced seizures, a significant increase in oxytocin messenger RNA in the paraventricular nucleus was demonstrated at 1.5 h, one and two weeks; its level decreased at three weeks and was significantly increased again at four weeks; at eight weeks the messenger RNA level still remained higher than that of controls. Vasopressin messenger RNA in the paraventricular nucleus was increased significantly only at 1.5 h following induction of seizures. The oxytocin messenger RNA level in the supraoptic nucleus was also increased early at 1.5 h and later at four weeks following seizures; however, these increases did not last as long as those in the paraventricular nucleus. Vasopressin messenger RNA in the supraoptic nucleus was also increased after the initial seizures; however, its messenger RNA level vacillated up and down throughout the post-seizure times studied. The earliest significant increase of vasopressin messenger RNA was at one week after seizures, and there was a late significant increase of vasopressin messenger RNA at three weeks after seizures. The present study demonstrates that following kainic acid-induced seizures both, the oxytocin and vasopressin messenger RNA expressions, were up-regulated and these up-regulations were long-term events. The increase of oxytocin messenger RNA in the paraventricular nucleus was more persistent than the others. The pattern of messenger RNA up-regulation was different for oxytocin and vasopressin, and different in the paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus. These different patterns of messenger RNA elevations suggest that the different components of the rat hypothalamus were regulated differentially by kainic acid-induced seizures.
 ...
PMID:Oxytocin and vasopressin mRNA expression in rat hypothalamus following kainic acid-induced seizures. 905 6

Acute symptomatic hyponatraemia is a life-threatening emergency which must be diagnosed and treated promptly. The initial symptoms are often dramatic, with seizures and coma, and there is therefore a risk that the diagnosis and the urgent sodium correction therapy may be delayed by procedures such as computed tomography (CT) of the brain. As the most common aetiological factors are psychotic polydipsia and different iatrogenic causes, this condition usually develops in hospitalised patients. Water intoxication alone is very unlikely to cause severe hyponatraemia in a person with normal renal function, unless for some reason the antidiuretic hormone secretion is increased. We describe a case in which dehydration due to common gastroenteritis in combination with excessive intake of water caused the death of a young, previously healthy woman. Increased awareness of this potentially fatal condition is recommended.
 ...
PMID:Fatal hyponatraemic brain oedema due to common gastroenteritis with accidental water intoxication. 947 92

Intense electrical activity throughout the brain which results from generalized epileptic or kindled seizures is thought to cause persistent and widespread neuronal plastic changes. We have previously reported that stage 5 kindled seizures cause an increase in vasopressin messenger RNA content and nitric oxide synthase activity in neuroendocrine cells of the supraoptic nucleus which lasts for at least four months after the last seizure. To evaluate whether changes in the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits might contribute to these effects, the expression of NR1, NR2A, NR2B. NR2C and NR2D subunit messenger RNAs was examined by in situ hybridization in neuroendocrine cells of the supraoptic nucleus one month after amygdala kindling to stage 5 seizures. No change in NR1 subunit messenger RNA expression was seen. In contrast, NR2B subunit messenger RNA was significantly increased. by about 63%, and NR2D subunit messenger RNA was significantly decreased, by about 22%. indicating a shift in NR2 subunit messenger RNA expression. NR2B subunit messenger RNA was also significantly increased in adjacent limbic structures. The long-lasting shift towards increased NR2B and decreased NR2D messenger RNA expression after kindling suggests that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR2 composition may be an important factor in the maintenance of pathological plasticity following generalized seizures. If these changes in messenger RNA are translated into increased NR2B and decreased NR2D subunits in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in vivo, both a decrease in sensitivity due to a strong magnesium block and an increase in channel ion gating might be predicted.
 ...
PMID:Amygdala kindling alters N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit messenger RNA expression in the rat supraoptic nucleus. 913 Jul 80

Intractable temporal lobe epilepsy is a disabling disorder with far reaching effects on brain function, behavior and neuroendocrine function. Previous work in the kindled-seizure model for temporal lobe epilepsy has shown that these seizures cause vasopressin (VP) release, an increase in resting VP and lasting increases in VP mRNA in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. In this study we used in situ hybridization to examine the effects of kindled seizures on the expression of two other functionally-related, neuroendocrine genes, oxytocin (OT) and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF). Comparisons in kindled and sham-stimulated controls revealed an increase in VP mRNA but not OT mRNA in magnocellular neurons and an increase in CRF mRNA in parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus 1 month after the last seizure. We conclude that kindled seizures induce selective changes in neuroendocrine gene expression in neuroendocrine systems, VP and CRF but not OT.
 ...
PMID:Persistent elevation of corticotrophin releasing factor and vasopressin but not oxytocin mRNA in the rat after kindled seizures. 913 93

The effects of [arginine8, glycine-OH9]-vasopressin (AGV), alone and in combination with adrenaline, on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) seizure threshold by timed intravenous infusion in tall vein and intensity by subcutaneous (s.c.) PTZ test (85 mg/kg) were studied in male albino mice. AGV was administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at doses of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 ng/mouse 5, 15 and 30 min prior to PTZ AGV induced decrease of seizure threshold at middle doses (0.01 and 0.1) 5 and 15 min prior to PTZ (75 and 67% respectively vs. controls). Adrenaline (1 mg/kg, i.p.) potentiated the effect of AGV on seizure threshold. AGV also induced increase of seizure intensity at doses of 0.01 and 1.0 ng and decrease of latency of the first tonic seizure. Adrenaline (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) enhanced the effects of AGV suggesting interactions of vasopressin with adrenergic neurotransmission in the CNS.
 ...
PMID:Effects of [arginine8, glycine-OH9]-vasopressin on pentylenetetrazol seizures in mice. Interaction with adrenaline. 920 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>