Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

44 patients undergoing major abdominal and thoracic surgery received different anaesthetic treatment and different pain therapy during the postoperative period (4 groups). Analysis of plasma vasopressin was performed in all patients pre-, intra- and five days postoperatively. In two groups of patients under neuroleptanalgesia (group A and B) ADH-levels increased markedly during the operation procedure, whereas those of patients under NLA plus epidural analgesia with bupivacaine 0.5% (group C and D) showed only a slight increase intraoperatively. During the postoperative period pain relief was provided by giving fentanyl epidurally (group B and D) or with systemic administration of piritramide (group A and C). During the investigation period vasopressin secretion in patients under epidural opiate therapy was significantly less pronounced as in patients under systemic opiate therapy.
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PMID:[Anesthesia procedure and postoperative ADH secretion]. 688 20

Stereotactic instillation of absolute alcohol into the sella turcica for pituitary destruction was carried out in 29 patients divided into two groups. Seventeen with prostatic carcinoma underwent a total of 19 injections with 94% good to excellent results that persisted throughout the remainder of the patient's life-span. The longest survival was 9 months. Brief relapses did occur, but spontaneous remissions were the rule. A second group of mixed cancers contained 12 patients who received a total of 13 injections. Eleven patients had good to excellent results that persisted in all but 1 patient. The longest survival was 7 months. Hormonal levels and prolactin stimulation tests failed to show any correlation between hormonal changes and pain relief. Naloxone reversal of analgesia did not occur. There was no loss of cognitive function shown on psychological testing. Pathological studies showed destruction of the pituitary gland, which was subtotal in some patients despite good pain relief. All examinations showed that the pituitary stalk was destroyed. Patients who survived longer also showed degeneration of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and the median eminence. All but 1 patient with pain relief exhibited a lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production. Interpretation of the data indicates that ADH or its associated neurophysins act as central pain transmitters. The production of these transmitters is decreased or abolished by chemical hypophysectomy through the destruction of hypothalamic nuclei.
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PMID:Treatment of pain of diffuse metastatic cancer by stereotactic chemical hypophysectomy: long term results and observations on mechanism of action. 699 70

Vasopressin produced analgesia in mice as estimated by using abdominal constriction tests (ED50 8.5 micrograms/kg i.v.) or hot plate method (ED50 63 micrograms/kg i.v.). However, vasopressin (10 micrograms/kg i.v.) produced no depression of locomotor activity in mice. Vasotocin had slight analgesic action; oxytocin or norepinephrine had none and there was no direct correlation between pressor response and analgesia. The analgesic action was nonopiate in nature as it was uninfluenced by the narcotic antagonist naltrexone at 5 to 15 mg/kg, but it was reserved by a vasopressin antagonist. Intraventricular administration of vasopressin (1-10 micrograms/kg) to mice produced no significant analgesia, suggesting a primarily peripheral locus of analgesic action. Vasopressin may play a role as an endogeneous pain regulating substance.
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PMID:Characterization of vasopressin analgesia. 705 94

We have studied plasma and cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin (CSF-AVP) and osmolality in 28 patients with cervical or lumbar pain syndromes (control patients), 11 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and in 5 patients with benign intracranial hypertension (BIH). Vasopressin concentration in lumbar CSF to a high extent reflected the actual ventricular CSF-AVP concentration. In all groups CSF-AVP was lower than plasma AVP. Mean CSF-AVP in the control group was 1.3 pg/ml +/- 0.1 (SEM). In the NPH patients, who all suffered from severe dementia, CSF-AVP level was not different from that found in the control group (1.4 pg/ml +/- 0.2). In contrast to the findings in the two other groups CSF osmolality in BIH patients was higher than plasma osmolality (P less than 0.0). CSF-AVP in the BIH patients, characterized by an elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), was higher than in the control group (2.7 pg/ml +/- 0.4, P less than 0.001).
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PMID:Vasopressin in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus and benign intracranial hypertension. 711 92

Vasopressin (VP) neurons project to extrahypothalamic sites involved in pain perception, including the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord as well as the trigeminal and vagus nerves. Previous studies have reported antinociceptive activity following intracerebroventricular (ICV) or subcutaneous (SC) VP injections (16-100 microgram) on the tail-flick test while hyperalgesia has been observed in rats either genetically deficient in VP or treated with antisera to VP. The present study investigated whether nanogram (ng) doses of lysine-vasopressin (LVP) and a VP analogue with prolonged activity increased tail-flick latencies and flinch-jump thresholds following ICV or SC injections. LVP (150 and 500 ng, ICV) significantly increased tail-flick latencies while the analogue 1-deamino-(8-Lys-N epsilon-(Gly-Gly-Gly))-VP (500 ng, ICV) produced more powerful and prolonged analgesia. In contrast, latencies were not increased by SC injections of LVP (150-1500 ng). Further, flinch-jump thresholds were affected minimally by either ICV or SC LVP injections. These data suggest a role for VP in pain modulation and a central site of this action.
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PMID:Central antinociceptive effects of lysine-vasopressin and an analogue. 713 29

The secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is mainly influenced by changes in osmolality and blood volume. In addition stress and surgical trauma may cause an elevation in plasma-ADH levels. In 20 patients scheduled for similar surgical procedures two different anaesthesia techniques were applied: in group 1 (n = 10) a combination of peridural anaesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia (PDA/NLA) was performed, in group 2 halothane anaesthesia with intubation was used. The perioperative control of plasma-ADH levels demonstrated a smaller increase in group 1 (PDA/NLA) compared to group 2 (Halothane), thus implicating a better attenuation of stress and pain.
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PMID:[Plasma antidiuretic hormone level as an indicator of perioperative stress (Part I) (author's transl)]. 732 44

For a period of five days serum levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) have been investigated postoperatively in a group of 20 patients with upper abdominal surgery. In addition serum electrolytes (Na+, K+) and plasma osmolality have been controlled regularly. Patients in group A (n = 10) received Fentanyl epidurally (0.1-0.2 mg diluted with 0.9% saline solution) for treatment of postoperative pain, whereas in group B (n = 10) systemic opiate therapy was performed by intramuscular application of piritramide (Dipidolor, 15-25 mg). There was a significant increase in ADH in all patients, whereas serum electrolytes (Na+, K+) and plasma osmolality stayed within normal range. ADH-levels in group A (epidural opiate), however, were significantly lower than mean values in group B (systemic opiate application). The postoperative increase in ADH is interpreted as a reaction to stress and trauma, being less pronounced, when epidural opiate therapy is performed for postoperative pain treatment.
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PMID:[Plasma-antidiuretic hormone level as indicator of postoperative stress (part II) (author's transl)]. 732 45

Eight burn patients with smoke inhalation were studied. High levels of plasma vasopressin and plasma cortisol in the presence of polyuria were observed. Stress and pain seem to be the main factors in the vasopressin oversecretion; the polyuria probably resulted from fluid administration and osmotic diuresis.
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PMID:Nonoliguric vasopressin oversecretion in severely burned patients. 736 62

A seventy-four-year-old woman with arteriosclerosis obliterans, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension was admitted for the treatment of intermittent claudication and coldness and pain in the right lower extremity. After the administration of a vasopressin V1 antagonist, OPC21268, the symptoms were markedly improved. Furthermore, blood flow in the dorsalis pedis artery and the cutaneous temperature in the right foot increased in response to acute and chronic administration of OPC21268. OPC21268 may be a new useful therapeutic tool for the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans.
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PMID:Improved skin blood flow and cutaneous temperature in the foot of a patient with arteriosclerosis obliterans by vasopressin V1 antagonist (OPC21268). A case report. 748 24

A 32-year-old woman was bedridden for a year because of chronic pain and headaches. She had insomnia, depression, suicidal thoughts and a severe chemical allergy. She had been on steroid therapy for two years and became Cushingoid with striae in the arm pits, groins and abdomen. However, she had no hypertension, nor the buffalo fat and hirsutism. She was very edematous, with a weight gain from 112 to 180 lbs. The fluid retention did not conform to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Studies revealed abnormal scalp EEG discharges and high-voltage seizure discharges in the posterior thalamus. Electrothalamic stimulation suppressed the thalamic discharges and relieved the patient's pelvic pain and headaches. After one month of several thalamic stimulations per day, she was able to get out of bed and ambulate. In addition, the patient no longer was edematous and was tolerating perfumes and floor detergents. Steroids were progressively reduced without complications of withdrawal. She went from a completely steroid dependent state to independent during the first 1-1/2 yrs of thalamic stimulation. With continued thalamic stimulation she has done well for 8-1/2 yrs, weighs 112 lbs, keeps house and drives a car. It's speculated the illness is a chronic pain multiple syndrome predominantly due to mesothalamic discharges and body infirmities. The mesothalamic discharge implicated neural networks, which represent biologic systems, i.e. pain, sleep, fluid retention, etc. Therapeutic stimulation attenuates the discharges and the neural networks return to their normal set points of homeostasis.
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PMID:Mesothalamic discharge in a chronic pain, allergy and fluid retention syndrome (case report). 766 2


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