Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Desmopressin (1-desamino-[8-D-Arg]-vasopressin) (DDAVP) was given by nose drops to 22 children with persistent nocturnal enuresis (mean age, 6.6 +/- 2.9 years; range, 4 to 12 years) the evening before sleep. With saline alone as placebo and with comparison to enuretic frequency before the onset of the trial, fortnightly periods were compared under double-blind conditions with the children at home. Pretreatment and placebo fortnights showed wetting frequencies (nights per fortnight) of 10.6 +/- 4.9 and 11.0 +/- 4.4, respectively. The value of the fortnight during desmopressin therapy was 4.2 +/- 4.5, which was significantly different from either of the previous means (P less than .01). Of the 22 subjects, four failed to react to therapy at all. There was decreased enuretic frequency in the remaining 18, of whom 12 decreased markedly or ceased wetting. One month after the trial, seven of the respondents were dry with desmopressin therapy. There was clear evidence of a large nocturnal volume of dilute urine before treatment in six of the respondents in whom such measurements could be reliably made. These children responded to dehydration with urine concentration, however, so that the suggestion can be made that a failure to develop a normal diurnal pattern of urine volume and concentration may underly some cases of enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Desmopressin in the management of nocturnal enuresis in children: a double-blind study. 36 38

Fifty five children with nocturnal enuresis referred to a hospital enuresis clinic entered a controlled trial to compare the efficacy of one month and three month courses of intranasal desmopressin (Desmospray). There was no significant difference in outcome between the two groups. Overall 36% improved by at least two dry nights/week during treatment, but only five children (18%) in the one month group and three (11%) in the three month group became completely dry and only one in each group remained dry after treatment. To determine whether nocturnal polyuria was associated with a therapeutic response to desmopressin, the nocturnal urine volume, osmolality, and vasopressin concentration were measured in desmopressin responsive enuretics, desmopressin non-responders, and non-enuretic control children. There were no significant differences between the three groups. A three month course of desmopressin is no more effective than a one month course. Although many children will improve during treatment, only a small number become dry and most will relapse when treatment is stopped.
 ...
PMID:Desmopressin for bed wetting: length of treatment, vasopressin secretion, and response. 141 62

A five-year experience with the vasopressin analogue desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) for nocturnal enuresis is described in 59 children. The initial starting dose of 5 micrograms at bedtime is lower than that reported in other series. Eighty-one percent of patients required 10 micrograms or less to achieve improvement or resolution of bedwetting.
 ...
PMID:Low-dose DDAVP in nocturnal enuresis. 158 97

The role played by antidiuretic hormone in enuresis remains controversial. As a symptomatic treatment, desmopressin (DDAVP) has already proved to be a useful addition to the measures applied against this condition.
 ...
PMID:[Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and urination]. 179 88

Eight patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (age 11-24 years) were investigated prior to and after 24 weeks of desmopressin treatment in order to evaluate the impact on the endogenous vasopressin secretion and urinary output. No effect on plasma vasopressin, diurnal urinary volume, and urinary osmolality were found after this long-term treatment. Overall no changes in either body weight, blood pressure, or hematological variables were demonstrated. This supports previous findings that the treatment appears to be well tolerated and free of side effects in longer term.
 ...
PMID:Long-term treatment of nocturnal enuresis with desmopressin. A follow-up study. 192 58

We studied the neurohypophyseal function of 20 patients with complete GH deficiency owing to pituitary stalk transection by means of the water deprivation and the hypertonic saline infusion test. In T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, high-signal intensity of the posterior lobe of the hypophysis was missing in all the patients. An ectopic posterior lobe was observed at the proximal stump of the transected stalk in 17 patients, whereas the 3 patients without ectopic posterior lobe had overt diabetes insipidus or intractable nocturnal enuresis. After water deprivation, 3 patients with large ectopic posterior lobes (length along the pituitary stalk axis exceeding 5 mm) showed urinary osmolality and plasma AVP levels as high as those of 13 patients with partial GH deficiency in whom magnetic resonance images revealed no abnormalities. On the other hand, 14 patients with small ectopic posterior lobes (length less than 5 mm) showed significantly lower urinary osmolality and plasma AVP levels than the patients with large ectopic posterior lobes (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.01, respectively) and the patients with partial GH deficiency (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.01, respectively). Urinary osmolality in the patients with small ectopic posterior lobes, however, was higher than that in 3 patients without ectopic posterior lobes (p less than 0.01). During the hypertonic saline infusion test, peak plasma AVP levels in the patients with small ectopic posterior lobes were significantly lower than those in the patients with partial GH deficiency (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Neurohypophyseal function of an ectopic posterior lobe in patients with growth hormone deficiency. 235 59

In 8 adult patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (age 18-44 years) we twice investigated the circadian rhythm of plasma vasopressin, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, serum osmolality, serum electrolytes as well as urinary excretion in relation to urodynamic variables. Seven of the patients showed a lack of diurnal rhythmicity in plasma vasopressin at both diurnal studies with no night-time increase. The nocturnal urinary volumes exceeded the bladder capacities with an average of 155%. This was mainly caused by a large excretion of poorly concentrated urine during the first hours of sleep. Although a slight nocturnal peak in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide was found no clear pathophysiological role could be determined for this peptide. It is concluded that the previously established vasopressin production abnormality in juvenile enuresis seems to persist in adult enuretics.
 ...
PMID:Adult enuresis. The role of vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide. 253 42

Six new cases of psychogenic water intoxication are discussed in the light of 150 observations published in the literature since 1935. 87% of all patients were schizophrenic, and 13% had other psychoses and a variety of functional and organic psychopathies. Psychogenic polydipsia is a prerequisite of psychogenic water intoxication. Water intake either overrides an intact osmoregulation (46% of all cases) or, allied to an inadequate urinary dilutional capacity (54%), leads to a transitory, sometimes repeated, and (in 8% of all cases) lethal water intoxication and hypoosmolality. - The consequence of hypoosmolality is metabolic encephalopathy, with agitation, convulsions and coma as its most common symptoms. Profuse diuresis, enuresis and urinary retention, gastric dilatation, watery vomiting and watery diarrhea are diagnostically helpful symptoms of polydipsia typically denied by the patients. Hypoosmolality/hyponatremia are the hallmarks of water intoxication. However, fewer than 50% of all patients present with the expected maximal urinary dilution. Inadequate ADH activity and increased sensitivity of the renal tubule to antidiuretic hormone are the pathogenetic factors in this inappropriate urinary dilution, while psychosis, psychotropic drugs, diuretics, nicotine and alcohol withdrawal are possible causes and cofactors of polydipsia and inadequate urinary dilution. New aspects of treatment are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Psychogenic water intoxication]. 264 58

The diurnal variation of plasma vasopressin (AVP), urinary excretion rate, urinary osmolality, and serum osmolality was studied twice in 15 patients with enuresis and in 11 age, weight, and sex matched nonenuretic normal subjects. A diurnal rhythm of AVP with constant levels during the day (8 AM-10 PM) and a highly significant increase during the night (10 PM-8 AM) was found in normal subjects. In contrast, enuretics showed a significantly less pronounced nocturnal increase in AVP with significantly lower nocturnal levels than normal subjects. Normal subjects showed a diurnal rhythm in urinary excretion rate reciprocal to urinary osmolality with a low and highly concentrated nocturnal urinary output. In enuretics, however, this normal diurnal rhythm was absent. In conclusion, an abnormal diurnal rhythm of AVP seems to be an important pathophysiological factor in enuresis, explaining the abnormally high nocturnal urinary volume and the low nocturnal urinary osmolality found in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal diurnal rhythm of plasma vasopressin and urinary output in patients with enuresis. 270 37

An 11 5/12-year-old girl with pituitary dwarfism had intractable nocturnal enuresis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed pituitary stalk transection and the formation of an ectopic posterior lobe. The results of responses to dehydration, infusion of hyperosmolar NaCl solution, and 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin showed that the nocturnal enuresis in the present case was due to a partial vasopressin deficiency. We suggest that the ectopic posterior lobe is one cause of nocturnal enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Ectopic posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and intractable nocturnal enuresis in a case with pituitary dwarfism. 274 94


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>