Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An immunocytochemical investigation was carried out on round and spreading hemocytes of Planorbarius corneus by using 20 antisera to vertebrate bioactive peptides. The immunotests showed the presence of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin-bombesin-, calcitonin-, CCK-8 (INC)-, CCK-39-, gastrin-, glucagon-, Met-enkephalin-, neurotensin-, oxytocin-, somatostatin-, substance P-, VIP-, and vasopressin-immunoreactive molecules in the spreading hemocytes. The round hemocytes were only positive to anti-bombesin, anticalcitonin, anti-CCK-8 (INC), anti-CCK-39, anti-neurotensin, anti-oxytocin, anti-substance P and anti-vasopressin antibodies. No immunostaining was observed with anti-CCK-8 (Peninsula), anti-insulin, anti-prolactin, anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroxin (T4) antibodies. As probably in vertebrates, these bioactive peptides may modulate immuno cell function.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical evidence of vertebrate bioactive peptide-like molecules in the immuno cell types of the freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus (L.) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). 169 11

In order to isolate and characterize genes whose expression may be altered in breast malignancy, we screened a cDNA library with a polyclonal anti-serum against breast-cancer-metastasis membranes and isolated several immunopositive clones. One of these, AJ1, was analyzed in detail and found to be expressed at varying levels as a 3.3-kb mRNA in all of 143 breast cancers. High expression was associated with lymph-node involvement (p = 0.03). Comparison between high- and low-expressing groups showed a significant difference at 4 and 6 years for both overall (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002 respectively) and disease-free (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.04 respectively) survival, but not at 11 years. AJ1 was expressed at much lower levels in non-malignant biopsies as compared with malignant tissue (p = 0.001). Expression was observed in breast-cancer cell lines MCF-7, ZR-75-1, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and HBL 100. Partial sequence analysis of the 620 bp clone showed complete homology with human heat-shock protein 89 alpha. In addition to being heat-inducible in all the breast cell lines examined, AJ1 levels were increased by estradiol (blocked by cyclohexamide and tamoxifen), EGF, oxytocin and vasopressin in a time-dependent manner in MCF-7 cells and by estradiol, EGF, prolactin and hydrocortisone in T47D cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, EGF caused down-regulation of AJ1 mRNA levels. The increasing evidence for the association of heat-shock proteins with steroid receptors suggests that AJ1 may play an important role in the control of estrogen-receptor transcriptional activity in breast cancers.
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PMID:Clinical and biological significance of HSP89 alpha in human breast cancer. 173 10

The effect of a physiological range of concentrations of three stress-related hormones, oxytocin (OT), arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and prolactin (PRL) was tested upon human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) secretion by placental explants from early pregnancy in static and superfusion cultures. In static cultures, OT and AVP significantly increased HCG secretion, whereas PRL had no effect. In superfusion, 1-min pulses of OT induced a significant (two- to 10-fold) rise in HCG pulse amplitude compared to the control. This effect of this neuropeptide was blocked by coadministration of a specific receptor antagonist. AVP also increased the glycoprotein pulse amplitude by two- to five-fold, but only with every second pulse administered. PRL pulses caused a progressive inhibition of spontaneous HCG pulsatility. In conclusion, stress-related hormones affect placental HCG secretion in vitro. The involvement of these factors in impairing early pregnancy development is suggested.
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PMID:Stress-related hormones affect human chorionic gonadotrophin secretion from the early human placenta in vitro. 175 12

To investigate the role of vasopressin in prolactin (PRL) release during lactation, vasopressin antiserum (VP-Ab) was administered to lactating rats, giving it intravenously 15 min before permitting their previously isolated pups to suckle or to continuously suckled rats. The suckling-induced rise in plasma PRL levels was significantly less in VP-Ab-treated mothers than in rats receiving a similar amount of normal rabbit serum (NRS). The inhibitory effect of VP-Ab could not be detected on the next day. Angiotensin II antiserum (AII-Ab) had no effect on plasma PRL response induced by suckling. VP-Ab given to continuously suckled rats reduced the high amplitude oscillation of PRL concentration observed in NRS-injected rats. A transient increase of water intake was detected on the day of VP-Ab treatment only, which provides direct evidence for at least partial neutralization of vasopressin in the circulation. These findings suggest that vasopressin released from the neural lobe of the pituitary gland is essential for the normal PRL secretory response induced by suckling and the episodic pattern of PRL release in continuously suckled mother rats. Furthermore, these results support the assumption that disturbance in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance at the level of the neuro-intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland may alter PRL secretion during lactation.
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PMID:Attenuation of the suckling-induced prolactin release and the high afternoon oscillations of plasma prolactin secretion of lactating rats by antiserum to vasopressin. 178 43

The opioid peptide, beta-endorphin, originates from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) under the influence of corticotropin releasing hormone (CHR). It increases the threshold of pain and has a certain influence on the formation of hypophyseal hormones, especially in stress. It is found that beta-endorphin stimulates the secretion of prolactin, a growth hormone, and vasopressin; it inhibates formation of follicle-stimulating and luteinizating hormones, oxytocin and dopamine, and gonadotropin, a releasing hormone. The process of acetylization decreases its activity. The results of experimental trials revealed that acetylisation in the foetal period was absent. The aim of the study was to define beta-endorphin concentration during normal vaginal labor and Cesarean section. Samples of peripheral blood of patients with spontaneous vaginal labor (n = 15) and of those in whom labor was operatively terminated (Cesarean section) (n = 10), were analysed. Values of this opiate were determined in the umbilical cord of newborn infants, in the amniotic fluid and placental compartment. The obtained results were statistically analysed. In intrapartum beta-endorphins were significantly increased reaching the highest level during expulsion (326 pg/ml); in the placental compartment these values were higher (in retroplacental blood 514 pg/ml) reaching the highest value of 917 pg/ml, p less than 0.01 in the placenta. In Cesarean section beta-endorphin values in the peripheral blood showed no significant differences during spontaneous vaginal labor. However, increased values of this natural opiate were observed six hours after surgery. Beta-endorphin concentrations in the placental compartment and the placenta during normal vaginal labor were significantly higher in comparison with labor by Cesarean section (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The opioid peptide, beta-endorphin, in spontaneous vaginal delivery and cesarean section]. 180 97

Ovarian functions are regulated by a wide variety of substances of hypothalamic, pituitary and intraovarian origin. In particular, prolactin (PRL) plays an important role in the control of ovaries. The aim of our in-vitro experiments was to prove a possibility of PRL production by bovine granulosa cells and to search into the endocrine regulators of this process. In the course of experiment 1 it was observed that the marked time-dependent accumulation of immunoreactive PRL took place during long-time cultivation of granulosa cells both in serum-free and in serum-dependent medium. After 12-24 hours of cultivation this level was reduced, but after 120 hours of cell culture the medium PRL-immunoreactivity gradually rose to exceed the starting level 2.1-2.4 times. FSH additions (10-10,000 ng/ml) led to a dramatical rise of PRL-immunoreactivity in a dose-dependent manner. A greater increase in FSH doses (1000 or 10,000 ng/ml) activated this process 14.0-18.0 times. In the other experiments the effects of LH, LH-RH and various nonapeptide hormones on the PRL-like substance production were investigated. LH stimulated PRL-like substance production at a great dose only (10 IU/ml). The lower doses did not have any significant influence on the process. Low doses of oxytocin (1 or 10 IU/ml) blocked, and higher doses (100-1000 IU/ml) stimulated the granulosa PRL-like production. Arginine-8-vasopressin (AVP) (1-1000 ng/ml), arginine-8-vasotocin (AVT) (10-1000 ng/ml), or LH-RH (10-10,000 ng/ml) failed to influence the immunoreative PRL accumulation in the culture medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Secretory activity of ovarian granulosa cells in cows in relation to production of prolactin or prolactin-like substances in vitro]. 180 14

Serum growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in 3 brothers with Hunter syndrome. The secretion of GH was studied by means of insulin (ITT), glucose (GTT), lysine-vasopressin (LVP), and L-Dopa administrations. Mean basal GH levels during the 4 tests were high (x = 14.2 ng/ml) in all cases. In the ITT and LVP tests, GH responses correlated positively with the patients' ages. Contrarily, after L-Dopa administration, GH elevations were normal in the two younger and absent in the oldest case. During GTT, GH levels were suppressed in all cases as expected. Basal cortisol and prolactin serum levels during the tests were normal. In order to clarify these data, GH levels were then determined during 120 min. (20-20 min.) under basal conditions. The means (+/- SD) of GH were 178 +/- 0.15; 4.42 +/- 2.47; and 2.30 +/- 0.71, for cases 1, 2 and 3, respectively (normal values 0-5 ng/ml). Basal somatomedin-C levels were in low-normal ranges. As patients were not undernourished and albumin levels were normal, a slight dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-GH-somatomedin-C axis might occurred in these cases. The hypothesis here offered is that a primary sub-production of somatomedin-C, mainly by liver and kidneys, could be present in Hunter syndrome. This situation would lead to normal-high GH serum levels, as seen in the present cases. GH serum measurements in Hunter syndrome were not documented previously.
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PMID:[Serum growth hormone levels in Hunter's syndrome]. 184 6

To examine the relationship between corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) we have studied the responses of adenohypophyseal and neurohypophyseal hormones to CRH in eight patients (age 26-64 years, six female) with suspected pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome during bilateral, simultaneous inferior petrosal sinus catheterization. Blood samples were taken from both petrosal sinuses and a peripheral vein before, and at 5-min intervals for 15 min after, an intravenous injection of 100 micrograms human CRH1-41. CRH increased sinus AVP concentrations in all eight patients and OXT concentrations in four of five patients studied. Although AVP concentrations often increased in both sinuses, the side of maximal AVP rise was termed side(max-AVP). CRH did not affect peripheral or petrosal sinus mean concentrations of LH, FSH, GH or TSH. While there was no change in mean peripheral concentrations of AVP, OXT, ACTH, ACTH precursors or prolactin after CRH, sinus concentrations of OXT, ACTH and prolactin on side(max-AVP) were markedly elevated over contralateral values. CRH did not increase mean sinus concentrations of ACTH precursors. In seven patients with either no radiological abnormality or the pituitary fossa or a small adenoma the mean ACTH precursor/ACTH ratio in blood sampled from all sites was 2.1 +/- 0.16 (mean +/- SEM, n = 50). In a patient with a large, locally invasive tumour the mean ACTH precursor/ACTH molar ratio was 32.1 +/- 1.3 (n = 12; P less than 0.001), suggesting that alterations in this molar ratio may reflect the biological properties of the tumour. The source of CRH-stimulatable AVP and OXT remains uncertain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH1-41) stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotrophin, vasopressin and oxytocin but not adrenocorticotrophin precursors: evidence from petrosal sinus sampling in man. 184 86

We have followed the hormonal response to exercise in twelve normal males cycling at a constant moderate load for ten minutes. Plasma concentrations of a variety of hormones were measured at set times before and during exercise and for twenty minutes afterward. The plasma concentration of norepinephrine and epinephrine and plasma activity of renin rose to a maximum at the end of exercise and then declined. The plasma concentrations of neurotensin and atrial natriuretic peptide followed a similar course. Plasma vasopressin rose to a peak at the end of exercise and then fell transiently below the initial value ten minutes after exercise. The plasma concentrations of aldosterone, prolactin and adrenocorticotropin increased during exercise but continued to do so, reaching a peak at ten minutes after exercise. Plasma growth hormone increased during exercise and continued to increase throughout the period of twenty minutes' recovery. Cortisol did not change during exercise but rose progressively during the recovery period. Plasma concentrations of glucagon did not change while that of insulin decreased during exercise. The plasma concentration of bombesin slowly increased during exercise and declined during recovery, reaching a basal value 10 minutes later.
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PMID:Temporal relations of the endocrine response to exercise. 187 87

The present studies were designed to investigate whether prolactin (PRL) influences the secretion of oxytocin (OT) in lactating rats, and to test whether the previously reported inhibitory and stimulatory effects of dopamine-2 (D-2) agonists and antagonists, respectively, on OT release might be secondary to their respective inhibitory and stimulatory effects on the release of PRL. Intravenous administration of either rat (r) or ovine (o) PRL to lactating, nonsuckled rats increased basal plasma concentrations of OT. rGH was ineffective, but administration of oGH did produce some stimulation of OT release. Both oPRL and rPRL significantly enhanced the electrical stimulation-induced release of OT from isolated stalk-neurointermediate lobes, in vitro, without affecting the basal release of the peptide. oGH was ineffective on basal or stimulated in vitro OT release, and neither hormone altered basal or stimulation-induced release of vasopressin from these tissues. Both rPRL and oPRL reversed the inhibitory effect of the D-2 dopamine agonist bromocriptine. Immunoneutralization of circulating PRL with a highly specific antiserum abolished the increases in OT in response to either suckling or to administration of the D-2 dopamine antagonist domperidone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prolactin stimulates the release of oxytocin in lactating rats: evidence for a physiological role via an action at the neural lobe. 188 15


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