Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fluid retention and ascites are rarely seen in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). This contrasts with the conspicuous tendency of patients with Laennec's cirrhosis to retain salt and water. In an attempt to clarify this clinical observation, renal handling of sodium was studied during extracellular volume expansion (ECVE) and maximal suppression of antidiuretic hormone in five patients with PBC. These PBC patients were compared with two control populations: five edema-free patients with Laennec's cirrhosis and nine healthy volunteers. The natriuretic and diuretic response to ECVE was significantly greater in the patients with PBC as compared with the two control groups. CH2O for given rates of urine flow were similar in PBC patients as compared with normal subjects. The data suggest that a supranormal rejection of sodium at the proximal tubule in response to ECVE underlies the exaggerated natriuresis of PBC. The augmented elimination of salt during ECVE in patients with PBC may explain the rarity of ascites and edema in this variety of cirrhosis.
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PMID:Exaggerated natriuretic response to volume expansion in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. 60 57

All hyponatremic states have in common elevation of vasopressin. Without this the loss of salt would be followed by appropriate diuresis and normonatremia. If hyponatremia is triggered by a volume change as in heart failure or portal cirrhosis not only is ADH released but the mechanisms that control salt retention create an essentially sodium free urine, always less than 20 mEq/L. If the initial event is inappropriate ADH secretion whether it be cerebral disease, neoplasm, a pulmonary lesion or a growing list of drugs; there is no related signal for salt retention and urine sodium and tonicity are high, the latter usually higher than that of plasma. If salt loss is due to intrinsic renal disease, diuretics, osmotic or otherwise, or adrenal failure urinary sodium is variable depending upon the magnitude of the response to volume of salt retaining factors. Because hyponatremia is often present with major illness and because more than one factor may be involved in its genesis, the establishment of its origin and appropriate treatment remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
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PMID:Hyponatremia: manifestations and treatment. 162 51