Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of aging on vasopressin (VP) clearance was studied in male Fischer 344 rats 2 (young), 12 (adult) and 30 (old) months of age using in situ liver perfusion technique. The liver was perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer containing 1% bovine serum albumin and VP (2 ng/ml), at a constant temperature of 37 +/- 0.5 degrees C and a flow rate of 150 ml/h for 120 min. Expressed per whole liver and per gram tissue, VP declined exponentially over the studied period fitting well to the curve y = bekx (p = 0.0001) in all three groups. The analysis of covariance revealed the slope of the VP decay curve to be steepest in old rats, significantly different from that of young (p = 0.0001 expressed per whole liver or per gram tissue) and adult (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.001, expressed per whole liver and per gram tissue, respectively) rats. This suggests that, at least in male Fischer 344 rats, the hepatic clearance of VP was fastest in old rats.
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PMID:Effect of aging on hepatic clearance of vasopressin in Fischer 344 rats. 322 Feb 61

The roles of the antidiuretic hormone arginine-vasopressin (AVP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, aldosterone and catecholamines in the pathogenesis of impaired water excretion were studied in edematous children with nephrotic syndrome. Compared to non-proteinuric children with nephrotic syndrome in remission, edematous children during relapse had lower serum concentrations of sodium and chloride with lower plasma osmolality, but had higher hematocrit values (P less than 0.05, each). Plasma concentration of AVP was higher in edematous children (P less than 0.01). Compared to healthy, normal children, edematous nephrotic children had higher plasma concentrations of AVP, aldosterone, renin, noradrenaline, and adrenaline (P less than 0.01, each), but had similar levels of plasma ANP. Head out water immersion and infusion of 5 ml/kg 20% human serum albumin solution, both procedures known to increase central blood volume, resulted in a reduction of elevated hormone concentrations to near-normal levels and caused a rise in sodium and water excretion. Following albumin infusion, mean ANP rose fivefold, and plasma concentrations of this hormone correlated positively with urine flow (r = 0.64, N = 18, P less than 0.01) and with sodium excretion (r = 0.62, N = 18, P less than 0.01). It is concluded that AVP, renin, aldosterone and catecholamines are stimulated in edematous children with nephrotic syndrome by reduction in effective circulatory blood volume. Central blood volume expansion induced either by water immersion or by infusion of concentrated albumin solution is able to correct elevated hormone levels and to induce salt and water excretion. Plasma ANP appears to trigger the diuretic and natriuretic effects of central volume expansion.
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PMID:Hormonal regulation of water metabolism in children with nephrotic syndrome. 330 10

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was infused into the aorta of pentobarbitone-anesthetized rats (n = 12) in stepwise increasing doses of 0.001 to 10 micrograms/rat at rates varying from 0.3 pmol/min/kg to 3000 pmol/min/kg over 3 min. Blood was withdrawn from the vena cava inferior for the measurement of oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) by RIA. The loss of blood was compensated for by infusion of isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl with 0.5% human serum albumin). Control rats received this solution only (n = 11). VIP infusions resulted in a dose-dependent increase in plasma OT which was significantly greater than the slight rise observed in the controls. The difference from controls was significant at infusion rates of 3 pmol/min/kg and more. Plasma AVP, on the other hand, did not rise in response to VIP infusions until the infusion rate was increased to 300 and 3000 pmol/min/kg. At these infusion rates, the increments in AVP were much smaller than those of OT, the levels during the highest infusion rates rising to 8.6 +/- 2.8 and 27.2 +/- 4.8 microU/ml, respectively (log normal means). The preferential release of OT in response to exogenous VIP in rats differs from the response in cats where intracarotid administration of VIP resulted in the release of proportionately more AVP than OT. Immunoreactive VIP is found in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system of rats in close proximity of some of the magnocellular neurons as well as within the nerve terminals. This, together with our data, suggests that endogenous VIP may participate in the release mechanism for OT in rats.
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PMID:Preferential release of oxytocin in response to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in rats. 379 18

Addition of two commercial luciferin-luciferase reagents caused marked inhibition of the aggregatory response of washed human platelets to thrombin, ADP, vasopressin and platelet-activating factor (PAF). Analysis of the effects of the individual components of one of these reagents revealed that Mg2+, and to a lesser extent bovine serum albumin, was responsible for the observed inhibition. A modified luciferin/luciferase reagent has been designed on the basis of these data for use in washed platelet suspensions which causes minimal inhibition of the aggregatory and secretory responses to thrombin but which gives a near maximal luminescence yield.
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PMID:Inhibition by luciferin-luciferase reagents of aggregatory responses to excitatory agonists in washed platelet suspensions. 400

Decreased free water excretion and the development of interstitial edema are recognized characteristics of preeclampsia. However, the pathophysiology of decreased urine excretion in preeclampsia is presently controversial: diminished glomerular filtration, renal arteriolar spasm, elevated plasma vasopressin levels, and plasma volume contraction have been suggested as etiologies. We studied seven pregnant patients with a diagnosis of mild preeclampsia to assess the role of vasopressin, serum protein, and glomerular function in the renal excretion of water. The ability to excrete a water load was significantly and directly correlated with serum albumin (P less than 0.05) and protein (P less than 0.02) concentrations. Neither plasma vasopressin nor creatinine clearance correlated with water excretion. The similarity of preeclampsia and the nephrotic syndrome with regard to the renal excretion of water is discussed.
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PMID:Water excretion in preeclampsia: behavior as nephrotic syndrome. 405 79

The timed uptake of (131)I-labelled human serum albumin was used as an index of regional perfusion in the isolated rat kidney.1. Arginine vasopressin in doses of 1, 5 and 10 muu./ml. of perfusate decreased papillary perfusion. Total renal perfusion was decreased only by the 5 muu. dose.2. Ornithine-8-vasopressin in doses of 5 and 10 muu./ml. of perfusate decreased papillary perfusion. Total renal perfusion was decreased only by the 10 muu. dose.3. When the relative viscosity of the perfusate was increased to a value of 2.0 from the control value of 1.7, both papillary perfusion and total renal perfusion were reduced.4. Arginine vasopressin further reduced papillary flow in kidneys perfused with high viscosity artificial plasma.
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PMID:The effect of vasopressin upon the vasculature of the isolated perfused rat kidney. 485 90

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been developed and validated. Synthetic AVP was coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) with glutaraldehyde. Antisera against AVP were raised in three rabbits immunized with AVP-BSA complex. After 6 months, at the 16th injection, one of the antisera had a titer high enough to be utilizable for RIA at a final dilution of 1:400,000. The labeling of AVP with 125I Na was performed with the modified chloramine T method, and the purification of iodinated AVP was done with gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 fine column (1 X 20 cm) with an elution buffer of 0.01 M acetic acid containing 0.1% BSA. Radioactivities from the Sephadex G-25 were eluted in three peaks. 125I-AVP, which was reactive to the antiserum, was contained in the third peak, and 125I-AVP in the fractions on the down slope of the peak was used for the radioligand in the amount of 1000 cpm. The specific activity of purified 125I-AVP was about 400 muCi/microgram. Diluted antiserum and samples, unlabeled AVP or related peptides were preincubated at 4 degrees C for 24 hr, and then 125I-AVP was added to the mixture and incubated for a further 72 hr. Separation of B and F was done with polyethyleneglycol. The minimal detection limit of AVP, which was 95% of the confidence limit of the mean value of B0, was 0.4 pg/tube. The cross-reactivities with lysine vasopressin, arginine vasotocin, DDAVP and oxytocin were 0.1%, 30%, 1% and 0%, respectively. AVP in plasma was extracted with cold acetone and petroleum ether. The recoveries of synthetic AVP from plasma which was added (2-16 pg) were more than 94%. The intra and inter-assay coefficients of variation determined by plasma of AVP concentration of about 4.8 pg/ml were 8.7% and 11.3%, respectively. The RIA detected AVP of concentration as low as 1 pg/ml following the extraction procedure. AVP immunoreactivity was detected without extraction in urine, and the lyophilized cerebrospinal fluid and acid extract of tissues of the central nervous system, and the reactivities in these samples were demonstrated to be immunologically identical to that of synthetic AVP when diluted serially. The changes of plasma and urinary AVP concentration on water intake, water deprivation and smoking in humans were clearly demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin and its validation]. 647 76

A highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for LRF was applied to the measurement of endogenous LRF in various hypothalamic extracts. Specific antiserum was obtained by injecting LRF conjugated to human serum albumin with glutaraldehyde. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, lysine vasopressin, oxytocin, noradrenaline, LH, FSH and cortical extracts did not appear to affect the assay, and the maximum cross-reaction observed with the LRF analogs tested was 8.5 p. 100 with LRF 2-10. The best detection limit (0.4 pg/tube) was usually obtained when the labelled LRF had been purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Within and between-assay coefficients of variation were 8.0 and 12.6 p. 100, respectively (from B/Bo = 20 to 80 p. 100). Synthetic LRF administered to rams by intravenous injection was readily detectable in the peripheral plasma. However, the direct measurement of plasma endogenous LRF may give misleading results due to non-specific interference by plasma factors. No endogenous LRF could be detected in plasma methanol or acetone extracts obtained from rats and rams in various physiological conditions. The inhibition curves parallel to the synthetic LRF curve were obtained by diluting the crude hypothalamic extracts of rams and rats, and a good correlation (r = 0.997) with the Ramirez-McCann bioassay resulted, indicating that using radioimmunoassay to determine hypothalamic LRF content may be fruitful in studying hypothalamo-pituitary gonad interactions. The LRF content of rat and ovine hypothalami ranged from 2-8 to 20-80 ng of LRF, respectively.
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PMID:Reassessment of LRF radioimmunoassay in the plasma and hypothalamic extracts of rats and rams. 676 Feb 82

The records of 88 patients bleeding 140 times from oesophageal varices were retrospectively evaluated. The treatment consisted mainly of intravenous vasopressin and balloon tamponade. Percutaneous transhepatic and transoesophageal sclerotherapy were used as additional treatments. Acute operation was avoided as long as possible. With this conservative attitude the hospital mortality was 24%. A high mortality was correlated with low serum albumin, initial unconsciousness, high blood transfusion demand, and alcoholism. The first bleeding episode of the patient had a higher mortality than the following ones. Our experience with a conservative attitude in stopping bleeding from oesophageal varices has made it possible to construct an outline for treatment which can be followed in most of these patients.
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PMID:Acute treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices. A retrospective study of 88 patients. 697 85

[3H'-thymidine incorporation above control levels was observed when normal mouse spleen cells were cultured with pituitary hormone-coupled albumins. Most striking was the observation of proliferation with self-hormone-coupled self-albumin, for instance vasopressin-coupled mouse serum albumin. The proliferating cells were not sensitive to anti-Thy 1 antiserum plus complement and were present in nude mouse spleens. Proliferation was accompanied with the appearance of antibody-forming cells against an irrelevant antigen (sheep red blood cells). These results strongly suggest polyclonal induction of B-cell proliferation/differentiation by self-hormone-coupled self-albumin.
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PMID:Primary in vitro mouse B-cell response induced by self-hormone-coupled self-albumin. 697 45


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