Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report is presented in which myxedema coma and inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion developed as a result of radiation therapy and surgery to the neck area in a patient with recurrent metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth. Laboratory findings of low thyroxine level and the findings of persistent hyponatremia and hypoosmolality of serum in spite of persistent sodium loss in the urine were helpful in diagnosing the problem. Treatment included thyroid hormone replacement and fluid restriction resulting in complete reversal of her condition. We believe that patients with head and neck cancer who have undergone a course of radiation to the neck, and particularly when thyroid function might have been altered by previous subtotal thyroidectomy as part of a curative resection, should be carefully followed with periodic thyroid function assays and serum electrolytes with particular attention to serum sodium values.
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PMID:Myxedema coma and inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion after deep neck irradiation: clinical implications and report of a case. 73 33

The first clinical case of a patient with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) was presented by Schwartz et al. in 1957 (Am J Med 1957; 23: 529-42), describing two patients with lung cancer who developed hyponatraemia associated with continued urinary sodium loss. They postulated that the tumours led to the inappropriate release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), later discovered to consist of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). This suggestion was later confirmed in several studies. The clinical description of the syndrome has changed little since the original observation, and the cardinal findings of SIADH are as follows: (i) hyponatraemia with corresponding hypo-osmolality of the serum and extracellular fluid, (ii) continued renal excretion of sodium. (iii) absence of clinical evidence of fluid volume depletion, (iv) osmolality of the urine greater than that appropriate for the concomitant osmolality of the plasma, i.e. urine less than maximal diluted, and (v) normal function of kidneys, suprarenal glands and thyroid glands. Measurement of AVP in plasma is not a part of the definition of SIADH. SIADH may be caused by a variety of malignant tumours, but may also be caused by various other conditions, such as disorders involving the central nervous system, intrathoratic disorders such as infections, positive pressure ventilation and conditions with decrease in left atrial pressure. Also, a large number of pharmaceutical agents have been shown to produce SIADH, including a number of cytotoxic drugs such as vincristine, vinblastine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and melphalan. A broad spectrum of malignant tumours has been reported to cause SIADH; however, most of these observations have been in case reports including very few patients. This includes a number of primary brain tumours, haematologic malignancies, intrathoracic non-pulmonary cancers, skin tumours, gastrointestinal cancers, gynaecological cancer, breast-and prostatic cancer, and sarcomas. Larger series of patients have revealed that SIADH occurs in 3% of patients with head and neck cancer (47 cases out of 1696 patients), in 0.7% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (three cases out of 427 patients), and in 15% of cases of small-cell lung cancer (214 cases out of 1473 patients). The optimal therapy for SIADH is to treat the underlying malignant disease. If this is not possible, or if the disease has become refractory, other treatment methods are available such as water restriction, demeclocycline therapy, or, in severe cases, infusion of hypertonic saline together with furosemide during careful monitoring.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in malignant disease. 762 92

The reported effectiveness of single tumor markers (TMs) associated with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck ranges from 15% to 71%, with most studies reporting sensitivity no higher than 50%. An increased incidence of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or arginine vasopressin (SIADH) in patients with head and neck cancer has been reported. Serum arginine vasopressin (AVP) was studied as a possible TM in these patients. Sixty-three patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck determined as potentially curable were prospectively evaluated before treatment and compared to 17 patients with apparent cure of head and neck squamous cell cancer who served as controls. Serum AVP levels were obtained and determined by radioimmunoassay in the preoperative period and 1 week postoperatively in 15 patients. Thirty-four patients were staged as T4, 26 as T3, and 3 as T2. Twenty-one (33%) of the 63 patients had no neck involvement. Twenty-four (38%) of 63 patients had elevated serum AVP levels corrected for serum osmolarity. Of the 15 patients evaluated before and after surgery, 8 (53%) had elevated serum AVP levels preoperatively. Of these 8 patients, 3 had reduction in AVP levels and 5 had complete normalization after 1 week. The result obtained for serum AVP do not exceed results of other TMs reported. AVP may also not be as specific as other TMs for cancer of the head and neck. Our group with AVP sampled postoperatively is too small for us to draw conclusions, but reduction of its levels after treatment in all patients may be significant. These preliminary results indicate that further evaluation of AVP during the posttreatment course in a larger number of cases, and perhaps with other TMs as well, is warranted.
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PMID:Elevated arginine vasopressin levels in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. 861 96

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is associated with various conditions including malignant disease, particularly small cell lung cancer. It has been reported to occur in 3% of patients with head and neck cancer. Less well known is its association with oral squamous cell carcinoma. This report describes a patient with SIADH associated with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. 1246 19