Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a 74-year-old woman with histologically confirmed neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity disclosing a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Since SIADH is a paraneoplastic syndrome commonly associated with small cell lung cancer, an extra-pulmonary localisation of neuroendocrine carcinoma has to be investigated.
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PMID:[Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion disclosing a sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma: case report]. 1744 62

Paraneoplastic syndromes are frequently detected in many small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. In the present paper we report 2 cases of patients diagnosed with SCLC, in whom 2 distinct endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes were identified during diagnosis. In the first patient, severe hyponatremia and renal sodium loss with inappropriate antidiuresis was found during routine laboratory tests. Serum antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level was within normal limits, but the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) level was elevated. The second case presented with severe hypercalcemia secondary to an excessive parathormone (PTH) secretion. We discuss the 2 cases and review the literature.
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PMID:Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes in small cell lung carcinoma. Two case reports. 1791 99

Small cell lung cancer accounts for approximately 15% of bronchogenic carcinomas. It is the cancer most commonly associated with various paraneoplastic syndromes, including the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Because of the high propensity of small cell lung cancer to metastasize early, surgery has a limited role as primary therapy. Although the disease is highly sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation, cure is difficult to achieve. The combination of platinum and etoposide is the accepted standard chemotherapeutic regimen. It is also the accepted standard therapy in combination with thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) for limited-stage disease. Adding TRT increases absolute survival by approximately 5% over chemotherapy alone. Thoracic radiotherapy administered concurrently with chemotherapy is more efficacious than sequential therapy. Furthermore, the survival benefit is greater if TRT is given early rather than late in the course of chemotherapy. Regardless of disease stage, no relevant survival benefit results from increased chemotherapy dose intensity or dose density, altered mode of administration (eg, alternating or sequential administration) of various chemotherapeutic agents, or maintenance chemotherapy. Prophylactic cranial radiation prevents central nervous system recurrence and can improve survival. In Japan and some other Asian countries, the combination of irinotecan and cisplatin is the standard chemotherapeutic regimen. Clinical trials using thalidomide, gefitinib, imatinib, temsirolimus, and farnesyltransferase inhibitors have not shown clinical benefit. Other novel agents such as bevacizumab have shown promising early results and are being evaluated in larger trials.
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PMID:Small cell lung cancer. 1831 5

Kulchitsky cells represent the cells of origin of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). They display an antigenic makeup characteristic of both the neural crest and epithelium and have been shown to secrete both polypeptide hormones and enzymes. The coexistence of two or more (concomitant or sequential) paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes is possible with SCLC, and paraneoplastic amylase production has also been described with this malignancy. We present here the first patient with an extensive stage SCLC, exhibiting a marked paraneoplastic lipase production and a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion. In our patient, the paraneoplastic hyperlipasemia paralleled both the initial SCLC response to chemotherapy and its subsequent clinicoradiological relapse.
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PMID:Small cell lung cancer with paraneoplastic lipase production. 2062 41

The case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with marked dysgeusia to all food and symptomatic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is described. She eventually turned out to have metastatic small cell lung cancer. The case study explores the interesting constellation of dysgeusia, SIADH and lung cancer.
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PMID:Dysgeusia in symptomatic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: think of lung cancer. 2168 89

Acquired isolated renal phosphate wasting associated with a tumor, known as oncogenic osteomalacia or tumor-induced osteomalacia, is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23. Oncogenic osteomalacia is usually associated with benign mesenchymal tumors. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), on the other hand, is a common paraneoplastic syndrome caused by small cell carcinoma (SCC). Concomitant oncogenic osteomalacia and SIADH associated with SCC is very rare with only 4 other cases reported in the literature. The authors report a case of small cell lung cancer (SCLC)-related renal wasting hypophosphatemia and concurrent SIADH, and review the literature reporting 9 other cases of SCC associated with oncogenic osteomalacia. Almost half of reported cases of renal phosphate wasting associated with SCC concomitantly presented with SIADH. These cases had initial serum phosphorus level lower and survival periods shorter than those without SIADH. This rare combination of a dual paraneoplastic syndrome and low serum phosphorus may be a poor prognostic sign. In addition, both renal phosphate wasting and SIADH usually occur in a short period of time before identification of SCC. Therefore, renal wasting hypophosphatemia with concomitant SIADH/hyponatremia should prompt a search for SCC rather than a benign mesenchymal tumor.
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PMID:Dual paraneoplastic syndromes: small cell lung carcinoma-related oncogenic osteomalacia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: report of a case and review of the literature. 2188 1

Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer can impair various organ functions and include neurologic, endocrine, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic, and ophthalmological syndromes, as well as glomerulopathy and coagulopathy (Trousseau's syndrome). The histological type of lung cancer is generally dependent on the associated syndrome, the two most common of which are humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in squamous cell carcinoma and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer. The symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the associated lung cancer, especially when the symptoms are neurologic or dermatologic. The proposed mechanisms of paraneoplastic processes include the aberrant release of humoral mediators, such as hormones and hormone-like peptides, cytokines, and antibodies. Treating the underlying cancer is generally the most effective therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes, and treatment soon after symptom onset appears to offer the best potential for symptom improvement. In this article, we review the diagnosis, potential mechanisms, and treatments of a wide variety of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. 2511 39

Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder occurring in patients with malignancy. Typically, it runs in the form of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Among malignant diseases it is often ascertained from small cell lung cancer. In the form of paraneoplastic syndrome it may precede clinical and radiological symptoms malignant disease. Hyponatremia requires special attention because of the neurological consequences and the risk of death. We present a case of a patient in whom the occurrence of hyponatremia preceded the appearance of clinical symptoms of lung cancer and has been the reason to start the diagnosis. The normalization of serum sodium was the first signal response to chemotherapy. In contrast, a statement confirmed the recurrence of hyponatremia progression of the disease in the form of metastases to the central nervous system. Speeches hyponatremia refractory symptomatic treatment should be a cause of further investigation into the neoplastic process. Recurrent hyponatremia during or after treatment may suggest its progression. Therefore, monitoring the sodium level is required not only during treatment, but also after the oncological treatment.
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PMID:[Hyponatremia in the course of small cell lung cancer--a case report]. 2515

Hyponatremia frequently occurs in patients with cancer and is mostly due to a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis caused by ectopic secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Small cell lung cancer presents with SIADH in approximately 11%-15% of cases. Recently, a new class of drugs, vasopressin V2-receptor antagonists (vaptans), emerged as a promising treatment for SIADH, but efficacy and safety data in cancer patients are lacking. We present a case of SIADH, heralding small cell lung cancer and persisting after apparent complete remission of primary tumor following chemotherapy/radiotherapy, in a patient who underwent long-term treatment with tolvaptan without any serious adverse effects.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of long-term tolvaptan treatment in a patient with SCLC and SIADH. 2570 67

Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients but also a well known poor prognostic factor in cancer patients. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is often misdiagnosed by oncologist because of difficulties in the interpretation of laboratory tests. Etiology is heterogeneous but the predominant cause is represented by the unbalance between excessive presence of water and serum sodium deficiency. Ectopic production of arginine vasopressin (AVP) develops more frequently in small cell lung cancer but it is not so rare in other malignancies. Neurological impairment may range from subclinical to life-threating symptoms depending by the rate of serum sodium deficiency. Appropriate diagnosis is essential to set a proper therapy. When hyponatremia is caused by SIADH, hypertonic saline infusion is indicated for acute presentation whereas fluid restriction is preferred in case of chronic asymptomatic evolution. Other options include vaptans, vasopressin receptor antagonists, targeted specifically for the correction of euvolemic hyponatremia. The aim of this brief report is to provide concise and specific informations for the management of SIADH in oncology clinical practice.
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PMID:Hyponatremia in cancer patients. 2590 38


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