Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It has long been known that endogenous pyrogen, released as a result of injection of typhoid vaccine or in response to infection, produces fever and increases ACTH secretion. Recent studies have indicated that endogenous pyrogen is, at least in part, IL-1. This monokine has now been shown to activate the release of ACTH by a hypothalamic mechanism with release of CRF and possibly vasopressin, which stimulates the corticotrophs. There may also be a pituitary action to stimulate the release of ACTH directly. In our experiments we showed that IL-1 at low but not higher doses appears to act intrahypothalamically to stimulate GH and PRL release and to inhibit TSH release. In the meantime, another monokine, cachectin, was isolated and its structure determined. We have found that this monokine can act following its third ventricular injection to stimulate ACTH, PRL, and GH release and to inhibit TSH release, at least in part, by release of prostaglandins since indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, produced a blockade of the responses except for those of ACTH. This peptide also has highly potent effects to alter pituitary hormone release by direct action on the pituitary to stimulate ACTH, GH, and TSH and to a slight extent PRL release. These actions appear to involve prostaglandins since indomethacin blocks all of the effects except for the effect on ACTH secretion. This monokine also produces a dose-related lowering of anterior pituitary cyclic AMP levels. When the monokine was incubated along with somatostatin, the lowering of cyclic AMP was reversed, and a potent PRL-releasing effect of the monokine was visible. We have begun studies with a third monokine, gamma interferon, which indicate that it stimulates ACTH release but suppresses plasma GH and TSH levels by a hypothalamic action. It is apparent that these various monokines have powerful effects to alter hypothalamic-pituitary function and that they probably mediate most of the effects of infections on the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
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PMID:Role of monokines in control of anterior pituitary hormone release. 223 30

A 35 year old man presented with massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to typhoid enteritis. After confirming the site of bleeding on a selective superior mesenteric angiogram, a vasopressin infusion was given at the rate of 0.2-0.4 units/min initially, followed by tapering doses over 36 hours. Cessation of bleeding was achieved immediately. The patients did not have any complications due to the procedure. Continuous vasopressin infusion is an effective method for the treatment of uncontrolled bleeding from typhoid enteritis.
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PMID:Continuous intra arterial vasopressin infusion for control of typhoid hemorrhage. 237 34

Two cases of complicating hemorrhage resulting from typhoid fever which were demonstrated by selective superior mesenteric arteriography are presented. The site of bleeding was at the caecum which is an uncommon site in typhoid hemorrhage. In both cases there was failure to stop the bleeding by using a vasopressin infusion. However, arteriography proved very helpful in locating the site of bleeding and vasopressin infusion can still be recommended to decrease intraluminal hemorrhage and improve the general condition of the patient before undergoing operation.
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PMID:Diagnosis by selective arteriography in hemorrhage resulting from typhoid fever. 454 16

A case of bleeding cecal typhoid ulcer in a 22-year-old patient demonstrated by superior mesenteric arteriography is described. An attempt to stop hemorrhage using intraarterial vasopressin infusion, failed. However, arteriography proved helpful in locating the bleeding site, and in permitting conservative surgery, namely cecal ulcer suture to achieve hemostasis. On the basis of this case and a review of the literature, management of complicating hemorrhage resulting from typhoid fever is discussed, with particular reference to radiological procedures.
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PMID:Bleeding cecal typhoid ulcer. Value of emergency angiography for selective surgical hemostasis. 660 68

To find the incidence, markers and nature of complications of typhoid fever, we studied 102 children with cultures positive for Salmonella typhi in a cross-sectional study, prospectively, over a period of almost 5 years. All isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. One third of these children developed complications which included: anicteric hepatitis, bone marrow suppression, paralytic ileus, myocarditis, psychosis, cholecystitis, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, pneumonia, haemolysis, and syndrome of inappropriate release of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Twelve children developed multiple complications. If hepatitis is excluded from the complications, the rate of complications in bacteriologically confirmed cases of typhoid fever drops to 11 per cent. These complications were not related to: the age or sex of patients, duration of illness before admission, use of antibiotics before admission, nutritional status, level of 'O' or 'H' titre, presence of IgM or IgG antibodies, or treatment with chloramphenicol or ampicillin. Children with splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia or leukopenia were more likely to develop complications.
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PMID:Complications of bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever in children. 1202 23