Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 88-year-old man presented with nausea and vomiting. Recently a cutaneous B-cell lymphoma had been diagnosed on his right cheek. Laboratory investigation showed hyponatraemia. Fluid restriction was started, based on the diagnosis of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). However the hyponatraemia persisted and a diagnosis of 'reset osmostat' was made. CT of the abdomen revealed slight bilateral adrenal enlargement, which was interpreted as adrenal incidentaloma. No other localisation of the lymphoma, besides that on the right cheek, was seen. Although the symptoms initially disappeared, they recurred and were quickly followed by hypotension. The patient died. Post-mortem examination showed bilateral destruction of the adrenal glands due to lymphoma. The correct diagnosis was Addison's disease. This case shows that diseases do not always present with all the classical symptoms, and that it is important to consider test characteristics of diagnostic tests and to judge investigations in the context of the other clinical findings.
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PMID:[Clinical thinking and decision making in daily practice. An elderly man with hyponatremia]. 1210 14

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare clinicopathological disorder characterized by systemic proliferation of phagocytizing histiocytes associated with fever, cytopenias, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. We present the association of hemophagocytic syndrome associated with inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in two cases of hematological malignancies; anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML M4) In the patient with lymphoma, the diagnosis of lymphoma, HPS and SIADH were concurrent. In the patient with AML, HPS and SIADH were observed while the patient was in hematological remission. Thus it seems that patients with HPS may also carry a risk for the development of SIADH; the relationship with HPS and SIADH should be further investigated.
Leuk Lymphoma
PMID:Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with inappropiate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia: report of two cases. 1191 25

We report a 14-year-old girl in whom a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma was confirmed while receiving growth hormone (GH) for GH deficiency, detected after presenting with short stature. MRI revealed an enhancing and thickened pituitary stalk with absence of the normal bright signal in the posterior pituitary. Regular MRI surveillance detected progression of the neurohypophyseal changes 13 months into GH treatment. Biopsy confirmed this to be B-cell large cell lymphoma. This case highlights the diagnostic and management challenges inherent in treating such children.
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PMID:Pituitary stalk thickening and primary central nervous system lymphoma. 1507 72

Neurohypophysial oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) genes are transcribed in thymic epithelium, while immature T lymphocytes express functional neurohypophysial receptors. Neurohypophysial receptors belong to the G protein-linked seven-transmembrane receptor superfamily and are encoded by four distinct genes, OTR, V1R, V2R and V3R. The objective of this study was to identify the nature of neurohypophysial receptor in thymic T cell subsets purified by immunomagnetic selection, as well as in murine thymic lymphoma cell lines RL12-NP and BW5147. OTR is transcribed in all thymic T cell subsets and T cell lines, while V3R transcription is restricted to CD4+CD8+ and CD8+ thymic cells. Neither V1R nor V2R transcripts are detected in any kind of T cells. The OTR protein was identified by immunocytochemistry on thymocytes freshly isolated from C57BL/6 mice. In murine fetal thymic organ cultures, a specific OTR antagonist does not modify the percentage of T cell subsets, but increases late T cell apoptosis further evidencing the involvement of OT/OTR signaling in the control of T cell proliferation and survival. According to these data, OTR and V3R are differentially expressed during T cell ontogeny. Moreover, the restriction of OTR transcription to T cell lines derived from thymic lymphomas may be important in the context of T cell leukemia pathogenesis and treatment.
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PMID:Neurohypophysial receptor gene expression by thymic T cell subsets and thymic T cell lymphoma cell lines. 1515 11

The major causes of central diabetes insipidus are neoplastic or infiltrative lesions of the hypothalamus or pituitary, severe head injuries and pituitary or hypothalamic surgery. Central diabetes insipidus caused by viral infections has been rarely reported in immunosuppressed patients, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or Cushing's syndrome. We report the case of a 48-year-old woman suffering from diffuse large cell lymphoma, who developed hypotonic polyuria, hypernatriaemia and somnolence after the first course of chemotherapy with CHOEP and rituximab. Diabetes insipidus was diagnosed by low urine osmolarity and an undetectable vasopressin concentration. MRI revealed no pituitary abnormalities but encephalitis, and lumbar punction confirmed herpes zoster infection. To the best of our knowledge this is the first description of central diabetes insipidus in a lymphoma patient caused by an opportunistic CNS-infection.
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PMID:Diabetes insipidus due to herpes encephalitis in a patient with diffuse large cell lymphoma. A case report. 1645 Mar 14

We previously reported that transgenic mice produced with a transgene consisting of the SV40 T antigen and vasopressin without the 3'-flanking region exhibit brain tumors and lymphoma. In this study, transgenic mice were produced with the fusion gene containing the SV40 T antigen and the whole vasopressin gene with the 3'-flanking region. Six transgenic mice were generated, five which died after 2-6 weeks. The remaining founder mouse was investigated for fusion gene expression and tumor progression at the age of 6 weeks. Brain tumor cells were characterized for phenotypes and transgene expression. During in vitro cell cultures, the phenotypic appearances at 10, 20, and 30 passages were as a uniform monolayer with similar growth rates. The site of SV40 T antigen integration was in the A2 region of chromosome 11, and SV40 T antigen was expressed at the same level in cells of both earlier and later passages. Thirty passages were probably insufficient to reach crisis and immortalization. These cells enriched brain tumor cell compositions with astrocytes and neuronal cells.
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PMID:Characterization of a brain tumor cell line established from transgenic mice expressing the vasopressin SV-40 T antigen. 1681 77

The available treatment options for hyponatremia secondary to SIADH are limited and not completely effective. Conivaptan is a vasopressin 1a and 2 receptor antagonist recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia in adult patients. However, data on efficacy and safety of conivaptan in pediatrics are limited. We report a case of a 13-year-old boy with extensively metastasized anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. He also developed hyponatremia due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) prior to chemotherapy initiation. SIADH management in this case was complicated when fluid restriction was not safely attainable. Conivaptan played a significant role in this situation by allowing provision of a large amount of intravenous fluid prior to and during induction chemotherapy. It proved to be an important component in preventing uric acid nephropathy/tumor lysis syndrome. Conivaptan induced free-water clearance as indicated by increased urine output and decreased urine osmolality. The patient responded to conivaptan without any adverse effects.
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PMID:Use of conivaptan to allow aggressive hydration to prevent tumor lysis syndrome in a pediatric patient with large-cell lymphoma and SIADH. 1843 28

The most frequent electrolytic disorders associating with tumors are hypercalcemia and hyponatremia, which should often be dealt with on an emergency basis. Hypercalcemia is observed in around 10% of metastatic solid tumors including lung, breast, head and neck and renal cancers. In hematological malignancies, hypercalcemia is observed with a relatively high incidence in malignant lymphoma. Hypercalcemia is caused by bone metastasis or PTH-rP secreted from tumors. In other cases, it is induced by calcitriol produced from tumor. Hypercalcemia sometimes results in a fatal outcome, and should be carefully monitored. Hyponatremia presented as SIADH is sometimes caused by arginine vasopressin derived from tumors. In other cases, SIADH is induced with chemotherapeutic drugs such as cyclophosphamide and cisplatin. Neither hypercalcemia nor hyponatremia has any specific symptoms. Delayed treatment often results in severe condition, such as unconsciousness or even death. Therapy for hypercalcemia is started by infusion of normal saline, and a patient with severe hypercalcemia should be treated with bisphosphonates. Zoledronic acid is the best bisphosphonate among them at this present. Treatment of SIADH is started by water restriction. In an emergency, treatment with hypertonic saline(3-5%)should be considered together with loop diuretics. Demethyl chlorotetracycline is considerable in poor response cases, and mozavaptan hydrochloride is applicable in case of vasopressin-producing tumors. In any case, inappropriate rapid correction of hyponatremia could induce severe brain damage called CPM without careful management.
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PMID:[Treatment for the electrolytic disorders in cancer patients]. 1909

A cat receiving chemotherapy for lymphoma was administered a four times overdose of vinblastine in error. Severe, acute life-threatening toxicities occurred. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) was suspected based on electrolyte disturbances. A favourable outcome was achieved with aggressive supportive care. Personnel involved in administering chemotherapy to small animal patients must check that the patient is receiving the correct drug, at the appropriate dose, prior to every treatment.
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PMID:Toxicities and salvage therapy following overdose of vinblastine in a cat. 2013

Central nervous system (CNS) complications during treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remain a challenging clinical problem. Outcome improvement with more intensive chemotherapy has significantly increased the incidence and severity of adverse events. This study analyzed the incidence of neurological complications during ALL treatment in a single pediatric institution, focusing on clinical, radiological, and electrophysiological findings. Exclusion criteria included CNS leukemic infiltration at diagnosis, therapy-related peripheral neuropathy, late-onset encephalopathy, or long-term neurocognitive defects. During a 9-year period, we retrospectively collected 27 neurological events (11%) in as many patients, from 253 children enrolled in the ALL front-line protocol. CNS complications included posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (n = 10), stroke (n = 5), temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 2), high-dose methotrexate toxicity (n = 2), syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (n = 1), and other unclassified events (n = 7). In conclusion, CNS complications are frequent events during ALL therapy, and require rapid detection and prompt treatment to limit permanent damage.
Leuk Lymphoma 2010 Jun
PMID:Central nervous system complications during treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a single pediatric institution. 2047 Feb 18


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