Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A rat model of the Schwartz-Bartter syndrome was created by the administration of a high dose of a long-acting vasopressin preparation (pitressin tannate ) together with a forced water intake. The treatment led to water retention, hypernatriuria , marked hyponatraemia (in 4-5 days) and severe cerebral oedema. These changes could be prevented by the simultaneous administration of [1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta- cyclopentamethylene -propionic acid),2-0- ethyltyrosine ,4-valine]arginine vasopressin. The observations indicate that this vasopressin antagonist analogue might be of use in the future as an effective drug against the Schwartz-Bartter syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of hyponatraemia and cerebral oedema by the vasopressin antagonist d/CH2/5Tyr/Et/VAVP in rats treated with pitressin tannate. 673 Aug 55

The effect of [1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta- cyclopentamethylene -propionic acid)2-0- ethyltyrosine ,4-valine] arginine vasopressin on the water metabolism was studied in rat. The compound was found to be able to block the antidiuretic action of both exogenous and endogenous vasopressin. A rat model of the Schwartz-Bartter syndrome was created by the administration of a high dose of a posterior pituitary preparation (Pitressin tannate ) together with a forced water intake. The antagonist prevented water retention and averted the enhanced natriuresis and hyponatraemia, and cerebral oedema did not develop. The observations suggest that this vasopressin antagonist might be of use in the future as an effective drug against the Schwartz-Bartter syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Effect of the vasopressin antagonist d(CH2)5 Tyr(Et)VAVP on diuresis in rat. 673 24

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the measurement of arg-vasopressin (AVP) in human plasma is described. Recovery of added AVP from plasma was about 65-70%. An acetone extraction step was necessary to prevent unspecific blank effects. Sensitivity of the assay is 0.5 pg AVP/ml plasma. In normally hydrated subjects AVP-concentration ranged from 0.7 pg/ml to 5.8 pg/ml and showed a good correlation with plasma osmolality. In patients with complete diabetes insipidus (D.i.) AVP-values were below the sensitivity limit of the method and they were subnormal when D.i. was incomplete. There was no increase of AVP-concentration during fluid restriction in patients with complete or incomplete D.i. In subjects with psychogenic polydipsia AVP-values were normal and dehydration produced adequate rises of plasma AVP. In patients with SIADH (Schwartz-Bartter-syndrome) AVP-values were greatly enhanced (greater than 10 pg/ml) when correlated to plasma osmolality (less than 170 mosmol/kg H2O).
 ...
PMID:Radioimmunoassay of arginine-vasopressin in human plasma: development and clinical application. 684 47

This is a report about a 14-year old girl who, following chemotherapy for malignant teratoma, developed a clinical state of SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone). The causative agent was most likely vincristine (VCR). The important feature in this case was that the urinary kallikrein activity was high when she was affected by SIADH and decreased when her hyponatremia improved. Sodium clearance was significantly correlated with the increase in urinary kallikrein activity. It is considered that the kallikrein-kinin system may in part participate in the excessive natriuresis of SIADH.
 ...
PMID:Increased renal kallikrein excretion in SIADH after vincristine therapy. 692 Feb 97

Four analogues of [1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid),4-valine,8-D-arginine]vasopressin [d-(CH2)5 VDAVP] and four analogues of its L-arginine isomer d(CH2)5 VAVP with O-methyl-, O-ethyl, O-isopropyl, and O-n-propyltyrosine substituents at position 2 were prepared by the solid-phase method using a slightly modified reoxidation procedure following deblocking with sodium in liquid ammonia to overcome losses due to insolubility. These analogues are the following: 1, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)VDAVP;2, d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VDAVP; 3, d(CH2)5Tyr(i-Pr)VDAVP; 4, d(CH2)5Tyr(n-Pr)VDAVP; 5, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)VAVP; 6, d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VAVP; 7, d(CH2)5Tyr(i-Pr)VAVP; 8, d(CH2)5Tyr(n-Pr)VAVP. These analogues were tested for agonistic and antagonistic activities in rat antidiuretic and rat vasopressor assay systems. All eight analogues cause a transient antidiuresis when injected intravenously and effectively antagonize antidiuretic responses to subsequent injections of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). They exhibit the following antiantidiuretic pA2 values: 1, 6.68 +/- 0.11; 2, 7.10 +/- 0.08; 3, 6.88 +/- 0.07; 4, 6.67 +/0 0.05; 5, 7.35 +/- 0.06; 6, 7.57 +/- 0.06; 7, 7.32 +/- 0.10; 8, 7.29 +/- 0.07. They are also highly effective antagonists of the vasopressor responses to AVP, with antivasopressor pA2 values in the range of 7.86 to 8.44. These findings indicate tht in this series O-ethyl substitution on the tyrosine at position 2 is optimal for antiantidiuretic potency and that L-arginine is far superior to D-arginine in this regard also. Thus, d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VAVP with an antiantidiuretic pA2 of 7.57 +/- 0.06 is the most potent of these eight antidiuretic antagonists. These are the first known effective antagonists of in vivo antidiuretic responses to AVP. They are, thus, potentially useful pharmacological tools for studies on the roles of AVP in regulating water balance in normal and pathophysiological states in animals and in humans. They also serve as excellent lead compounds for the design of even more potent antagonists for potential therapeutic use for the treatment of hyponatremia secondary to inappropriate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone (SIADH or the Schwartz-Barter syndrome).
 ...
PMID:Synthetic antagonists of in vivo antidiuretic and vasopressor responses to arginine-vasopressin. 725 79

The incidence of SIADH (the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) was analyzed retrospectively in 43 children who received marrow-ablative chemotherapy before autografts with peripheral blood stem cells for lymphoid malignancies. SIADH was documented in three children (ages 3, 13, and 13 years) who received chemotherapy, which included high-dose methyl 6-[3-(chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) and cyclophosphamide, under a concomitant overhydration protocol. SIADH was manifested as frequent vomiting in two patients and as generalized seizure in one. Hyponatremia (< 125 mEq/L), hypo-osmolality (< 260 mOsm/kgH2O), and continued urinary excretion of sodium (> 30 mEq/L) were used to diagnose SIADH in these three patients. All signs and symptoms subsided within 24 hours either by fluid restriction alone (n = 1) or by supportive care including anticonvulsant and D-mannitol, or hyperhydration with saline plus 5% glucose and diuretic. None of the patients died. Careful monitoring of the serum sodium level, as well as the osmolality of plasma and urine, should be incorporated into the patient management protocol for this type of high-dose chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) in children undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. 757 88

Hyponatraemia is very common in AIDS patients. It is observed in about 40-50% of hospitalized patients. It may contribute to overall mortality in advanced disease. Vasopressin measurements in these patients basically present two distinct syndromes: hyponatraemia and 'normal' vasopressin levels (i.e. measurable vasopressin) and hyponatraemia with suppressed vasopressin. Hyponatraemia with suppressed vasopressin is very rare and has only been observed in AIDS patients with dementia and primary polydipsia. Hyponatraemia and measurable vasopressin can be also divided into two syndromes. In some patients vasopressin is 'appropriately' elevated, i.e. in those with body fluid losses (diarrhoea) or chronic hypovolaemia (adrenal failure); these patients also present with hyperuricaemia and other signs of low blood volume. In other patients vasopressin is 'inappropriately' elevated in those with no clinical evidence of hypovolaemia (typically characterized by low serum uric acid levels) such as in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other opportunistic infections leading to SIADH. CSWS is a relatively frequent complication in some patients with cerebral infection or tumour. High-dose trimethoprim (for Pneumocystis carinii prevention) acts as an amiloride-like drug and induces a clinical state characterized by hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia which is indistinguishable from hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism. The mechanism of the hyponatraemia caused by other drugs (miconazole, pentamidine, amphotericin, vidarabine) is not as yet known.
 ...
PMID:Hyponatraemia in AIDS. 781 Dec 25

Bacterial meningitis has special clinical features in the newborn infant. Major complications and sequelae result from the infectious involvement of the CNS in the majority of these children. We studied 109 newborn infants with bacterial meningitis accompanied from January 1977 to April 1987. The mortality rate was 34.8%. Perinatal risk factors were not found. The majority (80.5%) were term newborn infants. The main signs at admission were convulsion (53.2%), bulging fontanel (37.6%) and apnea (20.2%), and the main symptoms were neurosensorial depression (64.2%), nursing refuse (64.2%), fever (50.5%) and irritability (35.8%). Complications during hospitalization were ventriculitis (34.9%), inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome (27.5%), subdural collection (8.3%), brain abscess (4.6%) and brain infarction (2.8%). Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome and ventriculitis were closely associated with high mortality. Seventy one children survived: 44 (62%) had gross abnormalities at the neurologic examination, and 29 (40.8%) developed hydrocephalus. Neurological follow-up of these children is important. Prognostic can change along the course of long time follow-up.
 ...
PMID:[Bacterial meningitis in the neonatal period. Clinical evaluation and complications in 109 cases]. 821 34

Chronic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (chronic SIADH) has been reported in adults after traumatic brain injury (TBI) but few similar cases have been reported in the pediatric population. We present a case of a 14-year-old boy who developed chronic SIADH after TBI in which caloric needs could not be adequately provided, with concomitant fluid restriction as the first line of treatment. Demeclocycline was ultimately used, which allowed for increased fluid liberalization and for provision of adequate calories. This form of therapy should be considered early in a child's course to prevent nutritional decline. Demeclocycline may be used for prolonged periods until the child's clinical condition permits fluid restriction to be effective therapy.
 ...
PMID:Chronic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a pediatric patient after traumatic brain injury. 823 67

Plasma osmolality normally decreases in early pregnancy, reaching a minimum at approximately 10 weeks and remaining depressed until term. This is associated with a mean decrease of 4 mEq/L in the plasma sodium level, and with an altered threshold for arginine vasopressin (AVP) release and for thirst. We describe a patient who developed more severe hyponatremia (120 mEq/L), which accompanied the development of hypertension and edema at 37 weeks in her fourth pregnancy. Hyponatremia and hypo-osmolality were associated with marked elevation of the plasma AVP level. The hyponatremia and elevated AVP level resolved after the delivery of the infant. To our knowledge, this is the first reported example of transient inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) associated with pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Transient syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion during pregnancy. 846 26


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>