Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine episodes of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion occurred in five newborn infants following atelectasis or pneumothorax. All infants had pre-existing lung disease and were being treated with positive pressure ventilation. The mean interval between acute atelectasis or pneumothorax and the development of diagnostic hyponatremia, hypo-osmolal serum, hyperosmolal urine, and oliguria was 13.4 hours. Fluid restriction and removal of the triggering event resulted in resolution of the abnormalities within 1.5 to 4 days. Infants who develop atelectasis or pneumothorax should be evaluated for the subsequent occurrence of SIADH; the administration of a water load to them may result in dilutional hyponatremia, for which fluid restriction, not sodium infusion, is the proper therapy.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in neonates with pneumothorax or atelectasis. 89 20

Acute and chronic effects on the fluid balance of radio-frequency forebrain lesions were studied in the goat. Medial lesions which involved practically the entire anterior wall of the third cerebral ventricle cause persistent loss of thirst and lack of significant antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release in response to hypernatraemia and plasma hyperosmolality. As acute response to such lesions an uncompensated, temporary water diuresis was seen, which rapidly caused pronounced hypernatraemia and hypovolaemia. Lesions extending laterally to encroach upon the supraoptic nuclei resulted in persistent signs of weak, inappropriate ADH secretion (=impaired water diuresis, renal salt wasting, and pronounced hyponatraemia during hydration). Forebrain damage, mainly restricted to the septal region, caused hyperdipsia. In some goats, obvious post-lesioning increase in salt appetite was observed which could not be coreelated to the extent of their forebrain damage. The results are discussed in relation to hypothalamic syndromes in man and previous studies on central control of fluid balance in the goat.
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PMID:Perturbations in fluid balance induced by medially placed forebrain lesions. 118 46

A radioimmunoassay for [8-arginine]-vasopressin (AVP), previously described (Czernichow et al. 1975) has been used for the determination of antidiuretic hormone in a 4 ml urine sample. AVP is extracted from acidified urine with a cation exchanger (Amberlite CG 50) with an overall recovery of 72%. The blank value measured in extracted samples of urine was 0.29 pg/ml +/- 0.21 (SEM) and calculated by extrapolation of the regression line of the recovery experiment was 0.49 pg/ml. The coefficient of variation within-assay was 13% and between-assay 18%. Addition of the amounts of AVP found in each specimen of urine voided gave results nearly identical to those of the amounts found in 24 h pool of urine, indicating that the assay was not affected by changes in concentration of the other urinary components during the day. The daily urinary excretion of AVP measured in 34 subjects was found to be 34 ng in 17 women and 70 ng in 17 men, a significant difference. Urinary concentration and excretion rate of AVP rose during thirst test and during Carter-Robbins test performed in 13 healthy subjects. In the latter test it was observed that the women displayed a strikingly more pronounced AVP elevation after the osmolar stimulus than the men. In both sexes a significant correlation was found between AVP excretion rate and plasma osmolality as well as free water clearance. Three cases of complete or incomplete diabetes insipidus and potomania could be clearly differentiated according to the total output of AVP during the thirst test. Extremely high values of AVP were found in the urine of 5 subjects with Schwartz-Bartter syndrome associated with bronchogenic tumours.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay of (8-arginine)-vasopressin. II. Application to determination of antidiuretic hormone in urine. 124 62

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin (AVP) was developed utilizing the antisera against lysine vasopressin (LVP) in combination with a labeled AVP. The assay employs an acetone extraction procedure and detects as little as 0.8 pg. per milliliter of AVP in human plasma. In normal subjects the mean (+/- S.D.) plasma concentration of AVP was 4.9 +/- 1.2 pg. per mililiter after fluid deprivation and 1.2 +/- 0.4 pg. per milliliter after water loading. Plasma AVP levels correlated significantly with plasma osmolalities. In four patients with diabetes insipidus, plasma AVP concentrations ranged from less than 0.8 to 1.2 pg. per milliliter, whereas six patients with the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion showed plasma levels of AVP which correspond to those of the dehydrated state in normal subjects or greater, although plasma osmolalities were low in all cases. It was concluded that the present radioimmunoassay method for AVP provides a useful way of assessing neurohypophyseal function in man.
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PMID:A heterologous radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin. 124 96

Seventeen unselected, consecutive patients with intracranial disease and accompanying hyponatraemia were studied. All would previously have been diagnosed as having the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion on the basis of spot plasma/urinary electrolyte testing with the application to them of existing standard laboratory criteria. Timed urinary collections and matching plasma samples were available in all but three cases for the derivation of creatinine, osmotic and free-water clearances, tubular reabsorbed water, and fractional water and sodium excretions. In a number of patients the plasma renin, aldosterone and ADH levels were also assayed. On the basis of the overall findings, 13 patients were diagnosed as in fact having a salt-wasting state whilst in only four patients was the diagnosis of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) substantiated. It is suggested that obtaining simple derived parameters of sodium and water homeostasis can add significantly in differentiating between these quite opposite syndromes.
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PMID:Hyponatraemia in neurosurgical patients: diagnosis using derived parameters of sodium and water homeostasis. 144 68

All hyponatremic states have in common elevation of vasopressin. Without this the loss of salt would be followed by appropriate diuresis and normonatremia. If hyponatremia is triggered by a volume change as in heart failure or portal cirrhosis not only is ADH released but the mechanisms that control salt retention create an essentially sodium free urine, always less than 20 mEq/L. If the initial event is inappropriate ADH secretion whether it be cerebral disease, neoplasm, a pulmonary lesion or a growing list of drugs; there is no related signal for salt retention and urine sodium and tonicity are high, the latter usually higher than that of plasma. If salt loss is due to intrinsic renal disease, diuretics, osmotic or otherwise, or adrenal failure urinary sodium is variable depending upon the magnitude of the response to volume of salt retaining factors. Because hyponatremia is often present with major illness and because more than one factor may be involved in its genesis, the establishment of its origin and appropriate treatment remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
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PMID:Hyponatremia: manifestations and treatment. 162 51

As part of a prospective study of children with bacterial meningitis we analyzed in 36 patients of our hospital the fluid balance on admission and during the first three days of treatment. On admission 10 of them (28%) had inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion SIADH, 10 (28%) hypo-osmolal and 10 (28%) iso-osmolal contraction. Six patients (17%) had no clear fluid disorder. The patients with SIADH had significantly lower mean serum NA+ (127 vs. 132 mEq/l, p less than 0.01) and higher mean urine Na+ (111 vs. 26 mEq/l, p less than 0.01) concentration as well as higher mean urinary Na+/K+ ratio (2.23 vs. 0.365, p less than 0.005) than the patients with hypo-osmolal contraction. They also tended to be younger and have a shorter history of fever. The patients with SIADH had a less strict fluid restriction than the patients with hypo-osmolal contraction, and their fluid balance normalized more slowly. Our findings support initial water restriction for all children with bacterial meningitis.
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PMID:Types of fluid disorder in children with bacterial meningitis. 175 Mar 36

In tuberculous meningitis there is a disturbance of control involving hyponatraemia and increased urinary elimination of antidiuretic hormone resulting in hypersecretion of vasopressin. This inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone should not be confused with the Schwartz-Bartter syndrome, which is reserved for paraneoplastic syndromes. The pathophysiology remains poorly understood but its recognition in cases of lymphocytic meningitis is improved as the correct diagnosis has precise therapeutic implications.
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PMID:[Hypervasopressinism during tuberculous meningitis]. 185 33

A 27-year-old woman experienced hemorrhagic shock after delivery. One week later she was seen in an obtunded state of consciousness. The results of laboratory evaluation were consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion caused by hypopituitarism. Hydrocortisone rapidly corrected sodium levels. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone caused by Sheehan's syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postpartum hyponatremia.
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PMID:Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in Sheehan's syndrome: a rare cause of postpartum hyponatremia. 195 56

Neurophysins are neuropeptides (MW +/- 10,000) synthetized together with active nonapeptides vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). The original description of the radioimmunoassay for neurophysins in 1969 allowed us to demonstrate the concomitant, equimolecular, release of them together with AVP and OT, thus bringing strong arguments in favour of neurohypophyseal exocytosis. Beside the use of those RIAs as direct indexes of neurohypophyseal release in various physiological and pathological conditions, we have been interested these last two years, to the putative use of neurophysins RIA as direct neuroendocrine markers in various neuropsychiatric diseases (depression, mania, schizophrenia) and paraneoplastic syndromes (SIADH).
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PMID:[Neurophysins]. 209 28


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