Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system functions to maintain plasma osmolality within narrow limits. It also is an important mechanism in maintaining normal body fluid volume. The system exerts its influence via release or inhibition of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) which acts on the kidney to decrease water excretion. Deficiency of ADH is usually due to hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal lesions (central diabetes insipidus) or insensitivity of the kidney to ADH (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus). These patients, if untreated, have the predictable result of dehydration, hyperosmolality, hypovolemia, and eventual death in severe cases. On the other hand, ADH excess of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion due to a variety of causes promotes water retention, hypoosmolality and hyponatremia which, if untreated, may progress to convulsions, coma, and death. It is obviously important to diagnose accurately these pathologic states of hydration. Not only is initiation of treatment in general dependent upon recognition of the disease, but each type of pathologic hydration state has specific treatment which rewards both patient and physician with effective correction of the problem.
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PMID:Vasopressin: deficiency, excess and the syndrome of inappropriate antiduretic hormone secretion. 10 6

We have studied the effects of demeclocycline on the water metabolism of a patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion who presented with a serum sodium concentration of 110 meq/litre. Free water clearance was studied before, during, and after treatment with demeclocycline. This study shows that demeclocycline (900 mg/day) can at least partially inhibit the action of ADH in the setting of tumor-induced ADH secretion, with the production of a reversible, partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and with few or no side effects. Demeclocycline may be useful in the treatment of chronic inappropriate ADH secretion.
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PMID:Demeclocycline treatment in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. 17 18

The authors report two cases and consider the various physiopathological mechanisms of inappropriate hypersecretion of antidiuretic hormone. An exploration including clearance of free water and, in some cases, estimation of ADH before and after a water load, then before and after administration of ethyl alcohol, permits one to determine the mechanism. It seems advisable to reserve the term Schwartz-Bartter syndrome to paraneoplasic syndromes linked to ectopic and autonomous secretion of ADH.
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PMID:[Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: true and false Schwartz-Bartter syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases]. 19 21

Thirteen leukemic patients with disease refractory to conventional chemotherapy were treated with 1.0 to 7.5 g/m2 of Cytosine Arabinoside (Ara-C) over 29 drug cycles. Drug infusions were spaced at 12-hour intervals; a maximum of four doses was administered over 36 hours. After single dose tolerance had been established, three or four dose cycles were given at 2- to 30-day intervals. There were three partial remissions (PR) and one complete remission (CR) in a treatment group of four patients with AML, five with ALL, two with lymphoma converted to leukemic phase, one CML in blast crisis, and one promyelocytic leukemia. Five of the patients were septic and considered terminally ill at the time of treatment. All other patients had evidence of drug responsiveness. The nadir of the white count occurred from 3 to 12 days after treatment, with subsequent recovery of the peripheral granulocyte count between days 12 and 28. Toxicity included nausea and vomiting (GI symptoms) in twelve patients, central nervous system (CNS) disturbances in eight patients, one episode of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndromes (SIADH), one of hyperuricemia, and fever in eleven patients. There was no evidence of hepatic or renal dysfunction. These high doses of Ara-C appear useful for treatment of patients with refractory leukemia. Hospitalization is brief and toxicity acceptable.
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PMID:High dose cytosine arabinoside (HDARAC) in refractory acute leukemia. 49 9

Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or Schwartz-Bartter syndrome is considered to be a paraneoplastic endocrine syndrome, most frequently associated with a small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. The authors present a case of sub-glottal laryngeal carcinoma discovered several months after the onset of clinical (disturbances of conscious level) and laboratory (hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia, blood hypo-osmolarity which preservation of urinary sodium output) manifestations which form the original features of this syndrome, the criteria of which are reviewed. The y conclude by the need for complete examination, not excluding unusual sites of primary tumour.
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PMID:[Schwartz-Bartter syndrome. Presentation of a sub-glottal small cell laryngeal carcinoma (author's transl)]. 50 41

SIADH consists of hyponatremia and hyposmolality, continued urinary loss of sodium, excretion of an inappropriately concentrated urine, and absence of dehydration, usually in the presence of normal renal and adrenal function. The retention of excess water caused by the inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone is central to the development of the syndrome. In pediatrics, SIADH is most commonly seen in patients with meningitis or postoperatively. Fluid restriction is vital in such patients to prevent the development of symptomatic SIADH. Fluid restriction alone will also result in the correction of serum electrolyte composition in patients with SIADH. Hypertonic saline should be used only in severely symptomatic patients.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). 79 77

The usual treatment for recurrent syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been fluid restriction. Recently White and Fetner described an adult with SIADH successfully managed with lithium carbonate. Described here is a child with recurrent SIADH who was diagnosed as having an acute hyponatremic episode and who then relapsed twice in a two-month period while chronic fluid restriction was attempted. He has now been maintained on 300 mg/day of lithium carbonate and is asymptomatic with normal serum sodium concentration and urine osmolalities. Lithium appears to be effective in the management of recurrent SIADH and may allow control in a patient who cannot comply with long-term fluid restriction.
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PMID:Treatment of recurrent syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone with lithium. 83 44

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone was observed in two patients with cystic fibrosis during acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease. It was diagnosed by the accepted clinical and laboratory criteria and confirmed in one case by values for immunoreactive vasopressin that were inappropriately high for plasma osmolality. The severe hyponatremia was corrected by fluid restriction, alone or combined with intravenous treatment with diuretic and hypertonic saline solution. In addition, there was simultaneous therapy of the pulmonary disease. SIADH thus must be added to salt loss as a cause of hyponatremia in CF, and may be more common than realized in patients with CF and severe pulmonary disease.
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PMID:The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion as a cause of hyponatremia in cystic fibrosis. 83 69

The syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion ("SIADH") was first recognized 1935 by Roth et al. and described in detail 1957 by Schwartz et al. The clinical symptoms (hyponatremia, hypertonicity of urine and inability to excrete a water load) are caused by inadequately elevated ADH secretion under a variety of situations and diseases. Some recent work was focused on the pathogenesis of this syndrome and new clinical findings (low plasma levels of uric acid and potassium) as well as special forms ("SIADH" without elevated vasopressin levels in plasma) are thought to be of relevance. New therapeutical recommendations will be discussed.
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PMID:[The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of vasopressin (SIADH) (author's transl)]. 85 83

The authors have developed a radioimmunoassay for human plasma vasopressin (AVP) which permits the estimation of antidiuretic hormon (ADH) levels as low as 0,8 pg/ml. The average plasma level of AVP after overnight water restriction was found to be 14,3 pg/ml (sd = 4,4 pg/ml) in normal subjects. They provoked a hypersecretion of ADH by the intravenous injection of 1-2 mg of nicotine. In 11 volunteer normal subjects this stimulation by nicotine provoked ADH hypersecretion which reached a maximum between 2nd and 15th minutes after injection. In 3 cases of diabetes insipidus, nicotine injection did not induce ADH hypersecretion; in 1 case of potomania this response was weak; in 2 cases of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion, AVP plasma levels were elevated and the response after nicotine stimulation was exaggerated.
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PMID:[Radioimmunoassay for human plasma 8-arginine-vasopressin (author's transl)]. 86 Aug 70


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