Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A hypothyroid, 72-year-old woman with idiopathic hypopituitarism manifested severe hyponatremia, plasma hypoosmolality, and inappropriately elevated urine osmolality suggestive of a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretions. The hyponatremia did not respond to demeclocycline hydrochloride, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels measured by a specific radioimmunoassay were appropriately suppressed. Subsequent replacement therapy with levothyroxine sodium resulted in correction of the hyponatremia. Thus, both direct assay as well as hormone blockade failed to show an action of ADH in mediating the water retention.
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PMID:Hyponatremia of hypothyroidism. Appropriate suppression of antidiuretic hormone levels. 41 89

Described is a patient who presented with hypernatremia in the absence of dehydration. Further investigation revealed a tumor in the hypothalamic area, and evidence of anterior pituitary hypofunction. Water loading did not correct hypernatremia, and the results of the water-loading test suggested that hypernatremia had resulted from an elevated "osmotic set point" for the release of antidiuretic hormone, ie, "essential hypernatremia."
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PMID:Essential hypernatremia. 68 42

Authors present a case of 28-year old female with anterior hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus, with properly functioning anterior pituitary cells as showed by means of measuring pituitary hormones in response to neurohormones i.v. injections. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed neoplastic tissue in the pituitary stalk destroying supraopticohypophysial and paraventriculohypophysial tracts, as well as portal blood system, thus preventing release of vasopressin and these hypothalamic neurohormones from accessing anterior pituitary.
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PMID:[A case of pituitary stalk tumor diagnosed with magnetic resonance (MRI)]. 134 62

The neurohypophyseal function was assessed in a group of 15 patients with postpartum hypopituitarism by measuring plasma arginine-vasopressin concentrations during 5% hypertonic saline infusion. None of the patients had symptoms of diabetes insipidus and all patients were on adequate cortisone and thyroxine replacement therapy before testing. The mean basal plasma vasopressin value in the patients (0.6 +/- 0.1 pmol/l) was significantly lower than that in the normal subjects (2.9 +/- 0.3 pmol/l; p < 0.01), whereas the mean serum sodium, plasma osmolality, plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone values were similar in the two groups. During the osmolar load (5% hypertonic saline), the patients revealed varying degrees of arginine-vasopressin responses to the increase in plasma osmolality. Three patients showed normal arginine-vasopressin responses, 10 had subnormal responses, and 2 had no response. During the dehydration test, the patients revealed significantly lower maximum urine osmolalities (p < 0.0025) with significantly higher concurrent mean plasma osmolality (p < 0.0025) than the controls. None of the patients showed overt polyuria at the time of the study. The results indicate the impaired osmoregulation of arginine-vasopressin secretion to an osmolar stimuli in patients with postpartum hypopituitarism, suggesting neurohypophyseal damage. In patients with Sheehan's syndrome, partial diabetes insipidus seems to be much more frequent than previously believed.
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PMID:Plasma vasopressin responses in postpartum hypopituitarism: impaired response to osmotic stimuli. 149 37

An optic chiasm glioma may cause loss of vision, endocrine disturbances, hydrocephalus and cerebral ischemia due to its proximity to the pituitary, hypothalamus, III ventricle and internal carotids. A 3-month-old infant with optic chiasm glioma developed hypopituitarism and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone with plasma hypo-osmolality. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration was markedly elevated. The impairment of fluid absorption via arachnoid villi and peritoneum by the high protein content, and reversed osmotic gradient between protein-rich CSF and hypo-osmolar plasma may have contributed to both nonobstructive hydrocephalus and recurrent ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Cerebral ischemia from carotid compression may have led to cerebral atrophy.
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PMID:Optic chiasm glioma associated with inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, cerebral ischemia, nonobstructive hydrocephalus and chronic ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunting. 179 May 31

A 27-year-old woman experienced hemorrhagic shock after delivery. One week later she was seen in an obtunded state of consciousness. The results of laboratory evaluation were consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion caused by hypopituitarism. Hydrocortisone rapidly corrected sodium levels. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone caused by Sheehan's syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postpartum hyponatremia.
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PMID:Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in Sheehan's syndrome: a rare cause of postpartum hyponatremia. 195 56

Hypothalamic pituitary function and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) loading tests in two children with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) revealed isolated GH deficiency in one and deficiencies of growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and antidiuretic hormone in the other. Secretion of GH was elicited in the first patient by single i.v. bolus administration of GHRH and after repetitive i.v. infusions of GHRH in the second. With these results we confirmed that the hypopituitarism in our patients with SOD was of hypothalamic origin. Both patients also had infantile spasms.
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PMID:Growth hormone deficiency of hypothalamic origin in septo-optic dysplasia. 207 74

Severe hyponatremia occurs in some patients with untreated hypopituitarism, but it is not known whether such hyponatremia is caused by the hypersecretion of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). This report describes severe, symptomatic hyponatremia in five women 59 to 83 years old (serum sodium, 111 to 118 mmol per liter) who presented with hypopituitarism (which had been previously undiagnosed in four). Plasma vasopressin was inappropriately high (1.3 to 25.8 pmol per liter [1.4 to 28 ng per liter]) in relation to plasma osmolality (236 to 260 mOsm per kilogram of body weight). All five patients had normal renal function and no signs of dehydration or volume depletion. The hyponatremia was resolved within a few days after the institution of hydrocortisone therapy, after infusion of normotonic or hypertonic saline had been found to be less effective. When four of the patients were later restudied while receiving maintenance hydrocortisone treatment, the relation between plasma vasopressin and osmolality was normal. We conclude that ACTH deficiency may cause the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The beneficial effect of hydrocortisone is probably exerted through the suppression of vasopressin secretion.
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PMID:Hyponatremia and inappropriate secretion of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) in patients with hypopituitarism. 276 90

Apert syndrome and septo-optic dysplasia are rare congenital structural disorders which have not been associated previously; we report a female infant with this association. Brain sonography and computed tomography revealed agenesis of the septum pellucidum; optic hypoplasia was demonstrated by funduscopic evaluation. We postulate that an embryopathic factor, which manifests at 5-6 weeks gestation, may result in this new association. Transverse craniectomy was performed in the hope of preserving brain development. Neither hypopituitarism nor adrenal insufficiency was observed; however, clinical manifestations and laboratory data provided evidence of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndrome.
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PMID:Apert syndrome associated with septo-optic dysplasia. 260 3

A 71-year-old man was referred to Tokai University Hospital because of cold intolerance, slow speech and slowing down of his intellectual and motor activities. Free thyroxine index, and free T-4 and T-3 levels were low (1.4, 0.7 ng/dl and 0.4 ng/ml, respectively) with normal TSH (2.5 microIU/ml). A skull X-ray showed enlargement of the sella turcica and his CT scan revealed an intrasellar mass. LH, FSH, ACTH and PRL did not rise in response to the intravenous administration of LH-RH and insulin. A diagnosis of pan-hypopituitarism due to a pituitary tumor was established. The release of ACTH and cortisol was restored under stimulation of CRF or lysine vasopressin. TSH responded to TRH in a delayed manner. The pituitary tumor was removed by a transsphenoidal operation and diagnosed histologically as craniopharyngioma. Our hospital has experienced nine cases of craniopharyngioma in the last 10 years but the present case was the only intrasellar craniopharyngioma.
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PMID:A case of intrasellar craniopharyngioma. 283 33


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