Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of bradykinin on the neuroeffector junction of the isolated rat vas deferens was studied in tissues stimulated transmurally at a frequency of 0.15 Hz. Bradykinin caused two distinct and independent actions: it potentiated the magnitude of the muscular response to the electrically driven twitches and, in addition, contracted the smooth muscle generating an increased muscular tone. The former action is referred to as the neurogenic or presynaptic effect, whereas the latter effect is called the musculotropic or postjunctional action. The neurogenic effect was abolished by tetrodotoxin or tissue denervation either by cold storage or chemical sympathectomy after 6-hydroxydopamine administration. However, these procedures did not significantly modify the musculotropic potency of bradykinin. Both actions of the peptide are receptor-mediated, as minor structural modifications in the amino acid sequence caused significant changes in biological potency. In addition, the peptide analog, [Thi5,8-D-Phe7]-bradykinin, behaved as an agonist at the presynaptic site but as an antagonist at the muscular site. The most potent peptide analog to produce the neurogenic effect was Met-Lys-bradykinin followed by Lys-bradykinin and [Tyr8]-bradykinin. In contrast, the potency of these peptide analogs acting at the postsynaptic site was about the same. des Arg9 bradykinin and des Arg9-[Leu8]-bradykinin were inactive at the pre- and postjunctional site. The neurogenic action of bradykinin was not mimicked by angiotensin II, neurotensin, substance P or vasopressin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Identification of pre- and postsynaptic bradykinin receptor sites in the vas deferens: evidence for different structural prerequisites. 288 2

Regional rates of incorporation into brain of intravenously administered [14C]palmitate and regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglc) were measured in water-provided (WP) and water-deprived (WD) homozygous (DI) and heterozygous (HZ) Brattleboro rats, a mutant strain unable to synthesize vasopressin, and in the parent Long-Evans (LE) strain. Following 15 h or 4 days of water deprivation, rCMRglc was elevated threefold in the pituitary neural lobe of LE-WD and DI-WD as compared with LE-WP rats, and in the paraventricular nucleus of LE-WD, and the supraoptic nucleus of DI-WD rats. However, incorporation of [14C]palmitate into these regions was not specifically altered. The results indicate that water deprivation for up to 4 days increases rCMRglc in some brain regions involved with vasopressin, but does not alter [14C]palmitate incorporation into these regions. Incorporation of plasma [14C]palmitate is independent of unlabeled plasma palmitate at brain regions which have an intact blood-brain barrier, but at nonbarrier regions falls according to saturation kinetics as cold plasma concentration rises, with a mean half-saturation constant (Km) equal to 0.136 mumol.ml-1.
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PMID:Regional cerebral incorporation of plasma [14C]palmitate, and cerebral glucose utilization, in water-deprived Long-Evans and Brattleboro rats. 292 Jul 92

Tritiated vasopressin ([3H]AVP) was directly crosslinked to its human platelet receptor by using an ultraviolet irradiation procedure. After preincubation with [3H]AVP, the hydrodynamic parameters of the hormone-receptor complexes solubilized with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate were derived from Sephacryl S-300 superfine gel filtration and from sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation experiments. The following values were obtained: Stoke's radius = 5.48 +/- 0.1 nm, apparent sedimentation coefficient = 5.55 +/- 0.1 S, and calculated molecular weight = 132,000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-8% polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions, [3H]AVP preferentially and specifically labeled a 125,000-dalton protein. The labeling of this protein was suppressed by addition of excess cold vasopressin, whereas angiotensin II did not inhibit incorporation of tritiated vasopressin in this protein. These results suggest that direct UV-photoaffinity labelling with [3H]AVP is a suitable tool for the purification of the human platelet vasopressin receptor.
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PMID:The human platelet vasopressin receptor identification by direct ultraviolet photoaffinity labeling. 295 61

The role of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in four model stresses (cold, ether, immobilization, and trauma) was examined in the guinea pig by using passive immunoneutralization with anti-CRF antiserum. Plasma corticotropin levels were measured at various times after exposure to stress, and groups treated with CRF antiserum were compared with those treated with normal rabbit serum. Of the four stresses tested, ether had the most pronounced effect on corticotropin secretion. Treatment with anti-CRF inhibited most of the ether-induced corticotropin secretory response, the difference between the normal serum- and the anti-CRF antiserum-treated groups being significant at 5 and 10 min (P less than 0.01). Corticotropin responses to cold stress in the two groups differed at the 0.05 level of significance at 10 and 20 min. After administration of trauma (leg fracture), a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.01) between the two groups also was evident, albeit only at 20 min. During immobilization, corticotropin levels differed significantly from control only in the normal serum-treated group but not in the anti-CRF-treated group. These findings show that CRF antiserum was effective in reducing corticotropin levels, indicating that CRF has an important role in mediating corticotropin response to stress. The fact that neutralization was incomplete might be due to an inability of the antiserum to sufficiently neutralize the endogenous CRF or, more likely, reflects the contribution of additional mediators, notably catecholamines and vasopressin, of corticotropin release upon stress.
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PMID:Evidence for a role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor in cold, ether, immobilization, and traumatic stress. 298 31

The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressor and oxytocic content as influenced by alpha-adrenergic blockade in stressed rats. Acta physiol. pol., 1985, 36 (3): 193-200. The effects of phenoxybenzamine (PBA; an alpha-adrenergic blocker) on hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressin and oxytocin were investigated in stressed rats. Immobilization resulted in a decrease of both vasopressor and oxytocic activities in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis, whereas in rats, exposed to cold the vasopressin and oxytocin content in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system was increased. Under treatment with PBA the vasopressin and oxytocin content in the neurohypophysis was diminished in stressed (both immobilized and cold-exposed) rats when compared to respective groups of untreated animals subjected to appropriate kind of stress. The response of the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurones seems, therefore, to be dependent on the type of stress. The alpha-adrenergic transmission is probably in some way involved in the mechanisms of modified neurohypophysial function in stressed animals.
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PMID:The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressor and oxytocic content as influenced by alpha-adrenergic blockade in stressed rats. 301 50

Lysine vasopressin and a long-acting analogue N alpha-triglycyl-lysine vasopressin were compared in a prospective randomized double-blind study including 71 women undergoing cold knife conization of the uterine cervix. Hemodynamic and hemostatic variables were studied. N alpha-triglycyl-lysine vasopressin had the following advantages over lysine vasopressin: it gave significantly less skin pallor, becoming evident at a later stage during the operation. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower, as also was the incidence of postoperative hemorrhages. Factor VIII related antigen was lower. On the other hand reduction in heart rate (values before conization compared with values during conization) was more pronounced when N alpha-triglycyl-lysine vasopressin was used, but there was no difference in absolute values between the two groups during conization.
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PMID:Comparison between lysine vasopressin and a long-acting analogue (N alpha-triglycyl-lysine vasopressin) used as local hemostatic agents for conization. 305 78

The effect of 48 hours of water deprivation on the colonic temperature response to intrahypothalamic injection of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was investigated in adult male rats. Water deprivation did not alter colonic temperature of rats at a neutral ambient temperature. Administration of PGE1 at doses of 50, 200 and 400 ng gave rise to a short latency dose dependent hyperthermia in both control and water deprived rats. Water deprived rats had significantly greater increases in colonic temperature following the two higher doses of PGE1. Control rats and water deprived rats exposed to the cold (5 degrees C) had decreases in colonic temperature which were not significantly different. Water deprivation, which should increase the plasma levels of the putative endogenous antipyretic vasopressin, does not attenuate PGE1 hyperthermia but has a slight enhancing effect. Following food deprivation for 48 hours rats had a slight but significantly greater increase in colonic temperature following intrahypothalamic injection of 200 ng PGE1. Thus the water deprivation induced change in responsiveness to PGE1 may be due to the decrease in food intake which accompanies water deprivation. The mechanism by which rats exhibit an enhanced febrile response to PGE1 administration following food or water deprivation is not yet known.
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PMID:Prostaglandin E1 hyperthermia in water or food deprived rats. 337 May 2

To investigate the functions of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) which plays an important role as an integration site for the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous systems, the firing activity of PVN neurons was recorded from hypothalamic slice preparations during thermal, osmotic and chemical stimulation. Neurons responded to environmental factors such as temperature and osmolarity and both warm-responsive and cold-responsive neurons were observed in the PVN. Some PVN neurons were also osmoresponsive and unlike neurons in the supraoptic nucleus, most osmoresponsive PVN neurons decreased their firing rate during hyperosmotic stimulation. One of the classical transmitters, noradrenaline, exerted excitatory effects on PVN neurons through alpha 1- and beta-receptors and inhibitory responses through alpha 2-receptors. Atrial natriuretic polypeptide exerted inhibitory effects on putative parvocellular PVN neurons but it had no effect on putative magnocellular PVN neurons. An endogenous sugar derivative, 2-deoxytetronic acid, thought to be an endogenous satiety factor, elicited inhibitory effects, supporting the possibility that the PVN also may be related to feeding behaviour. Arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin which are synthesised in the magnocellular neurosecretory cells excited PVN neurons, suggesting that the PVN may have short circuits modulating neural activity within the nucleus itself. We conclude that neurons in the PVN may receive multiple information and act as one of the important integrative sites in the brain.
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PMID:Thermal, osmotic and chemical modulation of neural activity in the paraventricular nucleus: in vitro studies. 340 58

The capacity to excrete a water load was studied in rats and in two desert rodents (Jaculus orientalis and Jaculus deserti) adapted to either 5 or 30 degrees C ambient temperature. The rat is able to eliminate the entire water load regardless of thermal adaptation. Cold-adapted J. orientalis and J. deserti excreted 60% of the water load in comparison to 20-30% in warm-adapted jerboas. At both adaptation temperatures, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration was estimated at maximum diuresis in the two desert species. Though hydration induced a significant decrease in ADH concentration in both species, its level in the plasma remained relatively high. The decrease was more pronounced in J. orientalis than J. deserti.
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PMID:Renal excretion capacity in hydrated desert rodents (Jaculus orientalis and Jaculus deserti). 357 73

A decrease of oxytocin and vasopressin content was observed in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of immobilized rats but not of those exposed to cold. In rats otherwise not treated, dopaminergic blockade due to haloperidol was followed by an increase of the vasopressin content in the neurohypophysis. In immobilized animals, the hypothalamic and neurohypophysial content of oxytocin decreased and could be further reduced by haloperidol. In contrast haloperidol prevented the decrease of the hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressin under conditions of stress owing to immobilization. In cold-exposed animals, however, haloperidol did not affect the storage of neurohypophysial vasopressin and oxytocin. Thus, it may be supposed that the response of oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic neurones to stress is dependent on the kind of stressor; furthermore, the dopaminergic transmission seems to be involved in the functional regulation of these neurones under conditions of stress due to immobilization.
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PMID:The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressor and oxytocic activities in stressed rats treated with haloperidol. 360 61


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