Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumour, usually diagnosed at advanced stages. We studied 3 patients who were treated at our Institute between 1991 and 1999. One patient presented with a stage A and 2 with a stage B tumour. One patient presented with coma due to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with a stage B tumour. All 3 patients were treated with complete surgical resection via a lateral rhinotomy approach and postoperative radiotherapy. There was no involvement of the cribriform plate. One patient developed a metachronous regional metastasis and was treated with neck dissection and radiotherapy. All 3 patients are free from recurrence with a follow-up period of 9 years, 18 months and 1 year, respectively. Combination therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for olfactory neuroblastoma. Complete surgical resection is the most important prognostic factor and can be accomplished via lateral rhinotomy for early stage tumours.
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PMID:Olfactory neuroblastoma. A report of 3 cases. 1249 74

Numerous case reports of hyponatraemia followed increasing use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) but this adverse effect was only rarely observed in relation to citalopram. We report a case of severe hyponatraemia associated with deep coma, seizure, atrial fibrillation and muscle damage in a 92-year-old woman after only two doses of citalopram, and review 14 cases previously published in the literature and 28 cases spontaneously reported to Australian Drug Reaction Advisory Committee (ADRAC). The data presented suggest that citalopram, as well as SSRIs may cause hyponatraemia secondary to syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The majority of symptomatic cases occurred in elderly patients (79% were older than 70 years) and in women (74%). Polymedication and concomitant use of another psychotropic drug or thiazide diuretic may precipitate and/or augment the development of hyponatraemia/SIADH. In 84% of cases, the hyponatraemia associated with citalopram was detected during the first month of treatment. High level of suspicion, close and careful monitoring of serum sodium concentration particularly in elderly patients and especially in the first month of therapy with citalopram may reduce the incidence of this serious and likely not rare adverse effect.
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PMID:Citalopram-induced severe hyponatraemia with coma and seizure. Case report with literature and spontaneous reports review. 1250 52

A middle-aged woman was admitted to the hospital after being found unconscious at home. A brain CT scan excluded an intracranial bleed or other focal abnormality. Laboratory analysis showed hyponatraemia (sodium: 121 mmol L(-1)) and a low plasma osmolality, with normal sodium excretion and urine osmolality. A diagnosis of hyponatraemic coma was made. The patient was treated with water restriction; 24 h later the sodium was 135 mmol L(-1) and the patient was neurologically fully recovered. The patient, who suffered from von Willebrand's disease, had received desmopressin and ibuprofen for analgesia 2 days before after a dental intervention. She had received desmopressin several times in the past without any complications. A few patients treated with desmopressin for coagulation abnormalities have been reported to develop water intoxication and severe hyponatraemia resulting in seizures and coma. By inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) potentiate the effect of water reabsorption in the renal tubules of vasopressin, therefore enhancing water retention. Desmopressin and NSAIDs should not be used in combination in patients with bleeding disorders, but it is often followed in clinical practice. In addition, this is probably not an unusual situation in patients treated with desmopressin for other 'non-haemorrhagic' indications. This report emphasizes the need for practitioners to be aware of this rare but severe complication.
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PMID:Hyponatraemic coma induced by desmopressin and ibuprofen in a woman with von Willebrand's disease. 1261 77

Hyponatremia is a common fluid and electrolyte disturbance in adults with cancer. Although a number of etiologies are associated with hyponatremia, the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion is one of the most common underlying causes. Early symptoms often associated with SIADH are subtle but, if left untreated, may progress to life-threatening seizures, coma, and death. Because oncology nurses have frequent and ongoing contact with patients, they are in an ideal position to recognize patients who are at increased risk for SIADH and those who present with early symptoms. Beginning signs and symptoms are mild and can be mistakenly attributed to other causes. This article reviews the pathophysiology of SIADH, associated risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in malignancy: review and implications for nursing management. 1292 76

Hyponatremia caused by an inappropriately high level of antidiuretic hormone secretion after spinal surgery is an uncommon and self-limiting phenomenon that resolves within 2 or 3 weeks. During the early postoperative period, the patient's urine output and serum level of sodium should be monitored closely to prevent possible serious complications of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the hyponatremia and can range from mild headache, muscle cramps, nausea, and vomiting to convulsions, coma, and death. Treatment options include fluid restriction, oral intake of salt, and hypertonic saline. It is important that spine surgeons recognize this phenomenon early and treat it appropriately and conservatively to prevent possible serious complications.
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PMID:Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and hyponatremia after spinal surgery. 1519 39

We demonstrated severe hyponatremia in a 68 year-old man who had pituitary tumor. He had poor appetite and was disoriented. Tests revealed hyponatremia of 110 mmol/l, and he was admitted to Jichi Medical School Omiya Medical Center to undergo further tests. Physical findings revealed disturbance of consciousness with Japan Coma Scale I-2. There was neither dehydration nor edema. Laboratory data showed a serum sodium level of 112 mmol/l; plasma osmolality, 219 mmol/kg; and urinary osmolality, 555 mmol/kg. Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) level was 1.6 pmol/l despite the marked hypoosmolality. Anterior pituitary function was normal. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a pituitary tumor of 20 x 18 x 20 mm in size, which pushed the pituitary stalk upward. After the adenomectomy, serum sodium level was kept normal without any treatment. Histology showed basophilic adenoma. These findings indicate that local pituitary tumor may cause exaggerated secretion of AVP, resulting in the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
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PMID:SIADH closely associated with non-functioning pituitary adenoma. 1535

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is characterized by hyponatremia and the plasma hypoosmolality induced by water retention attributable to persistent antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release. It has been reported that SIADH may occur due to various factors in patients with malignant tumor. We report a case of hypopharyngeal cancer complicated by SIADH following chemotherapy. A 72-year-old woman with hypopharyngeal cancer was treated by oral administration of S-1 and intravenous administration of low-dose cisplatin following radiation therapy. General fatigue and coma occurred during the third course of this chemotherapy, using S-1 and low-dose cisplatin. We believed that she had SIADH because of the results of examinations including hyponatremia, serum hypoosmolality and increasing serum ADH level. We treated her by fluid restriction and intravenous administration of hypertonic saline and furosemide, and she recovered. Unfortunately, her hypopharyngeal cancer gradually progressed and she died of acute pneumonia three months later.
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PMID:The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion associated with chemotherapy for hypopharyngeal cancer. 1551 17

A 39-year-old man was hospitalized after divalproate self-poisoning. He presented coma requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation at 11 hours and central diabetes insipidus. Serum valproic acid concentration was 590 mg/l at 30 hours. Progressive improvement occurred after hydratation and administration of vasopressin.
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PMID:[Transient central diabetes insipidus during a valproic acid poisoning]. 1650 9

Hyponatremia is often associated with arginine vasopressin (AVP) dysregulation that is regulated by the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal tract in response to changes in plasma osmolality, commonly in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Potentially lethal complications of hyponatremia most frequently involve the central nervous system and include anorexia, fatigue, lethargy, delirium, seizures, hypothermia and coma, and require prompt treatment. Chronic hyponatremia also complicates patient care and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly among patients with congestive heart failure. Conventional treatments for hyponatremia (e.g. fluid restriction, diuretic treatment, and sodium replacement) may not be effective in all patients and can lead to significant adverse events. Preclinical and clinical trial results have shown that AVP receptor antagonism is a promising approach to the treatment of hyponatremia that directly addresses the effects of increased AVP and consequent decreased aquaresis, the electrolyte-sparing excretion of free water. Agents that antagonize V(2) receptors promote aquaresis and can lead to increased serum sodium. Dual-receptor antagonism, in which both V(2) and V(1A) receptors are blocked, may provide additional benefits in patients with hyponatremia.
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PMID:Hyponatremia, arginine vasopressin dysregulation, and vasopressin receptor antagonism. 1717 May 24

Cases of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) associated with tuberculosis have been reported, however, in most of these cases, tuberculosis disease is miliary or severe. Here we report the first case of SIADH induced by ethionamide (TH). The case is a 76 year-old woman. She noticed cough in April 2004 and chest X-ray showed infiltrative shadows on the right upper lung field. Sputum examination revealed positive for TB-PCR, and she was referred to our hospital. Treatment was started with the combination of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin and ethambutol, however susceptibility test showed the bacilli were resistant to INH, then INH was replaced by TH on day 59. Loss of appetite developed 4 days later, the level of consciousness dropped to Japan Coma Scale II-20, and the Na concentration decreased to 113 mEq/l 6 days later. We made the diagnosis of SIADH based on the diagnostic criteria. She recovered from SIADH by the replacement of TH with SM, the restriction of water intake, and the loading of Na. Judging from the coincidence of the administration of TH and the onset of SIADH, no recurrence of SIADH after the cessation of TH, the mildness of tuberculosis, and the onset of SIADH in an already recovered case, we thought that SIADH in this case was causedly TH. Not only adrenal insufficiency but also SIADH should be considered when patients with tuberculosis show hyponatremia, and drugs on use should be reviewed as the possible cause of SIADH.
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PMID:[Case of SIADH caused by ethionamide in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis]. 1724 Sep 18


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