Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01185 (vasopressin)
 23,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of limbic encephalopathy clinically characterized by a progressive amnestic syndrome and many EEG seizures mainly localized on the left temporal area. Biological investigations revealed diabetes mellitus and a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (IADH). Haemodynamic and metabolic studies by positron-emission tomography showed an important increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen on the left anterior temporal region precisely where the electrical seizures were recorded. Nine months later, severe disorders of memory and a dramatic decrease in CBF and CMRO2 on the same area region were present. At autopsy, a small size oat cell bronchial carcinoma was found with metastases in two small adjacent lymph nodes. Neuropathological examination showed atrophy (neuronal loss, protoplasmic gliosis) in the amygdala; where there was in addition an area of nodular gliosis. The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus lesions were severe on the left and moderate on the right side. The authors discuss the nosology of their case in the paraneoplastic syndromes and, with a review of the literature, the role of ADH and cellular hyperactivity in the pathogenesis of specifically localized neuronal alterations.
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PMID:[Paraneoplastic limbic encephalopathy, inappropriate ADH secretion and recurrent subclinical epileptic seizures. Clinical, anatomo-pathological and metabolic correlations by positron emission tomography]. 282 90

Thirty-two patients with inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) complicating small-cell carcinoma of the bronchus were identified from a total of 226 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the bronchus treated at the Christie Hospital, Manchester, between 1978 and 1984. Basic data were collected from patients' files concerning the extent of the tumour, symptoms of inappopriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, biochemical findings, treatment, the course of the inappropriate secretion of ADH and that of the underlying tumour. The data were then analysed and compared with results of previous studies. The response of the inappropriate secretion of ADH to treatment was found to be a significant prognostic factor. Further data were collected to determine the reason for this but it was difficult to drawn any firm conclusions.
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PMID:A retrospective study of thirty-two patients with small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. 300 72

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is commonly observed in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. We report here a rare case of SIADH induced by rectal cancer. Laboratory findings showed that the serum sodium concentration and serum osmolarity were low, and that the ADH level was high. Resection of the rectal cancer resulted in a complete correction of the associated inappropriate ADH. The titer of the rectal cancer tissue proved to be high (80 pg/g).
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PMID:The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by rectal cancer--a case report. 368 38

Tumors from patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) have been found to contain large amounts of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. A lung tumor from a patient with hyponatremia most likely due to SIADH was removed at surgery and found to contain 23.5 mU vasopressin/g wet weight by radioimmunoassay Slices of this tumor were incubated with phenylalanine-(3)H. Arginine vasopressin-(3)H was purified from the incubate by Sephadex G-25 column chromatography in two different systems, performic acid oxidation, and gradient elution column chromatography with diethylaminoethyl Sephadex. As oxidation of vasopressin results in drastic conformational change with breaking of the ring of the cyclic polypeptide and addition of two cysteic acid residues per molecule, the radioactive material which eluted coincident with vasopressin both before and after this procedure was considered to be arginine vasopressin-(3)H. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of in vitro biosynthesis of vasopressin by a tumor from a patient with SIADH.Ultrastructurally, the bronchogenic carcinoma was composed of small undifferentiated and granulated cells. The granulated neoplastic cells had well developed organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes) concerned with protein synthesis. Secretion granules present in the tumor cells were small, surrounded by a limiting membrane, and resembled those reported in polypeptide hormone-secreting cells.
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PMID:Biosynthesis of vasopressin in vitro and ultrastructure of a bronchogenic carcinoma. Patient with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. 500 44

In an unselected series of 185 patients with histologically confirmed bronchial carcinoma 16 had endocrine disturbances attributable to the tumour (excluding pulmonary osteoarthropathy). Of these, 11 patients had hypercalcaemia; three inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone; one Cushing's disease; three hypertrophic osteoarthropathy; and one gynaecomastia. Cushing's disease and inappropriate antidiuresis are specifically associated with oat-cell tumours, and hypercalcaemia occurs most frequently with squamous carcinoma. A negative correlation exists between gynaecomastia and osteoarthropathy on the one hand and oat-cell carcinoma on the other.
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PMID:Endocrine and metabolic disordes in bronchial carcinoma. 548 22

Although the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion may be seen in several disorders, small cell bronchogenic carcinoma is probably the most commonly reported cause. We have reported a case of excessive production of ADH preceding the detection of the underlying small cell anaplastic bronchogenic carcinoma by nearly seven months, and suggest the possibility of using serum ADH levels in the diagnosis and management of such patients.
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PMID:Ectopic ADH production before clinical recognition of small cell carcinoma of the lung. 625 84

Ninety-eight patients with small cell carcinoma of the bronchus (SCCB) were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate with calcium leucovorin rescue, and lomustine (CCNU). VP-16-213 was given on relapse. Response rate and survival were analyzed according to extent of tumor, presence of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone production (SIADH), and, in 38 patients, size of intrathoracic tumor as measured by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. The median survival of the entire group was 34.6 weeks. In patients with limited disease the median survival was 46 weeks compared to 29 weeks for those with extensive disease. This difference in survival between patients with limited and extensive disease was most marked in those showing a partial response (median survival, 45.9 and 28 weeks, respectively). Patients with ectopic antidiuretic hormone production had a poor prognosis even if they had achieved a complete response. Only one partial response to VP-16-213 occurred. There was a strong correlation between initial intrathoracic tumor size as assessed by total cross-sectional area on CT scan and response and survival. When the total area exceeded 30 cm2 there were no complete responders, but there were complete responses in eight of 21 patients when the area was less than 30 cm2. The relationship between intrathoracic tumor size and response rate was present when analyzed according to disease extent, age, sex, and performance status. A clear relationship between total tumor area and survival was also found. When SCCB is treated with chemotherapy alone, the prognosis is better for those patients who present with limited disease, without SIADH, and with small intrathoracic tumor. In this group it is possible that further intensification of therapy may result in prolonged survival.
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PMID:Tumor size, response rate, and prognosis in small cell carcinoma of the bronchus treated by combination chemotherapy. 627 86

We report a patient who had an oat cell bronchogenic carcinoma in association with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. There was an unusually long interval between the onset of hyponatraemia and clinically evident malignant disease. Dynamic testing of vasopressin secretion showed preservation of baroregulated, but not osmoregulated, vasopressin release. Immunoreactive vasopressin was detected in pleural fluid, which co-eluted with synthetic vasopressin on gel chromatography.
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PMID:The regulation of vasopressin secretion in a patient with oat cell carcinoma of the bronchus. 630 27

A radioimmunoassay has been developed which permits the measurement of plasma antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin (AVP), in the normal and subnormal range. Plasma was first extracted with octadecasilyl-silica to remove non-hormonal immunoreactivity, then assayed using a sensitive antibody and mono-iodinated AVP. After centrifugation of blood, we found AVP levels to be highest in the lowest layer of plasma--presumably because platelets are a reservoir for the hormone. In normal volunteers the range of plasma AVP was 0.8-14.3 pmol/l, and water loading generally lowered AVP levels. Appropriate increments in measured AVP were observed during intravenous infusion of the peptide, and during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. Extremely low levels were found in cranial diabetes insipidus, whereas in some patients with bronchial carcinoma and hyponatraemia, AVP values were elevated. The sensitivity of the method and its practicability should make it useful both in clinical medicine and in research.
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PMID:A sensitive radioimmunoassay for measuring plasma anti-diuretic hormone in man. 657 20

A 50-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of vertigo for 3 weeks. He was found to have severe hyponatraemia (107 mmol/l), which was rectified with sodium chloride infusions. Two weeks later he became agitated with confusion and hallucinations. Within a few hours he went into coma. At that time the serum sodium concentration had again fallen from 132 to 105 mmol/l. Repeated measurement revealed urinary osmolality (558 mosm/l) to be above that of serum (252 mosm/l), pointing to the syndrome of inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) as the diagnosis. Lung tomography, performed because the patient had two bouts of pneumonia in quick succession, demonstrated enlarged hilar lymph nodes. Bronchoscopy revealed a tumour of about 1.0 cm diameter in the left main bronchus which histologically proved to be a small-cell bronchial carcinoma. Despite chemotherapy the tumour progressed and the SIADH also persisted. The patient died 9 months later of heart failure.
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PMID:[Hyponatremic coma as the first symptom of a small cell bronchial carcinoma]. 807 Mar 40


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