Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A monoclonal antibody (mAb L6) to a small-cell lung carcinoma surface antigen recognizes a common epitope of vasopressin-neurophysin and oxytocin-neurophysin in hypothalamic nuclei. We now report on the identification of a neurophysin-like precursor in human lung carcinoma (LX-1) cell membrane. mAb L6 immunoaffinity chromatography of solubilized membranes resulted in a single band of approximately 45 kDa. Western blot analysis demonstrated immunoreactivity of this band with mAb L6, anti-vasopressin, and an antibody to the vasopressin precursor, pro-pressophysin. N-terminal sequencing of this band demonstrated a 21-amino acid homology with the N terminus of human pro-pressophysin, and substitution of a Cys33 residue in the tumor antigen with Arg33. Absence of immunoreactivity with the antibodies described above in cytosolic extracts and culture medium suggests nonsecretion of processed or intact pro-pressophysin-like peptide. Northern analysis of LX-1 mRNA with a 30-mer to the C terminus of rat pro-pressophysin resulted in a band of approximately 1000 base pairs, 250 base pairs larger than hypothalamic message. In situ hybridization of LX-1 tumor-bearing nude rat brain with the same probe demonstrated specific hybridization in rat hypothalamus and xenografted tumor. These findings suggest expression of a pro-pressophysin-like protein in this tumor cell line that is preferentially targeted to the cell membrane.
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PMID:Expression of neurophysin-related precursor in cell membranes of a small-cell lung carcinoma. 170 22

We studied the interaction properties of synthetic antisense (AS) peptides encoded in the antisense strand of DNA corresponding to the N-terminal 20-residue sequence of the biosynthetic precursor of Arg8-vasopressin (AVP) and its binding protein bovine neurophysin II (BNPII). Binding affinities of sense polypeptides AVP and BNPII with AS peptides were measured by analytical affinity chromatography, in each case by the extent of chromatographic retardation of a soluble polypeptide interactor on an affinity matrix containing the other interactor as the immobilized species. Chromatographically calculated dissociation constants ranged from 10(-3) to 10(-6) M. Experiments were carried out to define the selectivity and underlying forces involved in the AS peptide interactions. For AS peptide elutions on sense peptide affinity supports, reduced binding affinity with increasing 1-propanol concentration and ionic strength suggested the presence of both ionic and hydrophobic contributions to AS peptide/immobilized sense peptide recognition. This same conclusion was reached with the antisense peptides as the immobilized species and measurement of elution of sequence-simplified, truncated, and charge-depleted forms of sense peptides. Immobilized AS 20-mer affinity matrix differentially retarded AVP versus oxytocin (OT) and BNPII versus BNPI (the neurophysin related biosynthetically to OT) and was used to separate these polypeptides from acid extracts of bovine posterior pituitaries. In addition, immobilized AS 12-mer corresponding to AVP-Gly-Lys-Arg could be used to separate AVP from OT. The results confirm that antisense peptides recognize sense peptides with significant selectivity in the AVP/BNPII precursor case.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Recognition properties of antisense peptides to Arg8-vasopressin/bovine neurophysin II biosynthetic precursor sequences. 260 22

We investigated whether a sustained increase in oxytocin secretion, with or without enhanced electrical activity of the cell-bodies of oxytocin neurones, leads to a rapid increase in oxytocin mRNA content in these neurones. To stimulate oxytocin release, naloxone (2.5 mg/kg i.v. twice, 30 min apart) was given to urethane-anaesthetized female rats after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) morphine or vehicle infusion for 5 days; in the latter, naloxone acts on the neurohypophysis to increase oxytocin release without affecting the electrical activity of oxytocin neurone cell-bodies, but in the former, naloxone acts both on the neucohypophysis and on the cell-bodies to excite them electrically. Oxytocin content in peripheral plasma was measured intermittently by radioimmunoassay for 4 h after i.v. naloxone or vehicle, then the brain was removed and cryostat sections were cut through the supraoptic nucleus (SON). Oxytocin mRNA content in individual neurones (25-50 per rat) was measured semiquantitatively by in situ hybridisation histochemistry, using a tritiated synthetic cDNA 25-mer oligonucleotide probe, autoradiographical visualisation, and computer-assisted image-analysis to measure silver grain density. Nalaxone increased oxytocin content in plasma 7-fold for at least 40 min in i.c.v. vehicle-infused rats, and 40-fold for at least 40 min in i.c.v. morphine-infused rats. Naloxone had no significant effect on the oxytocin mRNA content in labelled cells in the SON, and no effect on the proportion of labelled cells, in either the i.c.v. morphine- or i.c.v. vehicle-infused rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Does acute, intense stimulation of oxytocin neurones in the supraoptic nucleus increase their content of oxytocin mRNA? 274 58

In situ hybridization (ISH) using a 25 mer tritiated oligonucleotide probe has been performed to study at the electron microscopic level the subcellular localization of the oxytocin mRNA in the rat hypothalamic magnocellular neurons. After high resolution radioautography, silver grains appeared to be localized over the cytoplasm of some magnocellular neurons of the supra-optic nucleus and frequently overlapped the ergastoplasmic "cisternae" of the Nissl bodies. These results demonstrate the possible application of ISH at a subcellular level using high resolution radioautography and a tritiated probe.
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PMID:[Ultrastructural localization of mRNA coding for oxytocin by in situ hybridization. Study by high resolution autoradiography using a tritiated oligonucleotide probe]. 314 10

A 25 mer synthetic oligonucleotide, complementary to a specific region of the oxytocin-neurophysin preprohormone messenger RNA (mRNA), was designed for its application to in situ hybridization histochemistry. The probe was 3'-end labeled with [3H] deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, and hybridization of the labeled probe to the mRNA in the rat hypothalamus was visualized autoradiographically. Hybridization products were specifically localized in the dorsal part of the supraoptic nucleus and the peripheral part of the paraventricular nucleus. Not only is the oligomer designed useful for distinguishing oxytocin from vasopressin gene expressing neurons, but also it is proving useful for studies of estrogen-progesterone effects on neurons in the paraventricular nucleus. Thus, these results indicate that in situ hybridization histochemistry with synthetic oligonucleotide can be a valuable approach to measuring gene expression in hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells.
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PMID:In situ hybridization histochemistry with oxytocin synthetic oligonucleotide: strategy for making the probe and its application. 340 53

A synthetic 45-mer oligonucleotide corresponding to part of the ovine endometrial oxytocin receptor cDNA was hybridized to sections of ovine uterus collected from 40 ewes at different stages during the oestrous cycle, the first 3 weeks of pregnancy and seasonal anoestrus. The quantity of oxytocin receptor mRNA was measured as the optical density (OD) value on autoradiographs using image analysis. Message first appeared in the luminal epithelium on days 14-15 of the cycle, increasing to a peak OD of 0.48 at oestrus and decreasing again between days 2 and 5. Oxytocin receptor mRNA in the superficial glands, deep glands and caruncular stroma increased between day 15 and oestrous to peak OD values of 0.17, 0.11 and 0.11 respectively, declining again by day 2 and reaching basal values (OD < 0.015) by day 5. Hybridization to the myometrium tended to rise from a mean OD value of 0.01 on days 2-15 to a peak of 0.03 +/- 0.01 (mean +/- S.E.M.) on days 0-1, but the change was not significant. In pregnant ewes there was no detectable oxytocin receptor mRNA on days 14-15 in any region, but hybridization to the luminal epithelium was present in two of three ewes on day 21. In anoestrous ewes oxytocin receptor mRNA concentrations in all areas of the endometrium were approximately half those measured at oestrus. Optical density readings for oxytocin receptor mRNA in the various uterine compartments were compared with measurements of oxytocin receptors in the same regions as assessed by binding studies using the 125I-labelled oxytocin antagonist d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4,Tyr-NH2(9)]-vasotocin (125I-labelled OTA). In the endometrium, receptor mRNA and 125I-labelled OTA binding patterns changed in parallel, and both sets of measurements were significantly correlated (P < 0.01). In the myometrium, a significant increase in 125I-labelled OTA binding occurred at oestrus; this was not accompanied by a similar increase in oxytocin receptor mRNA hybridization. This study helps to confirm that the previously identified cDNA clone is derived from the ovine oxytocin receptor, as patterns of oxytocin receptor mRNA expression in the endometrium closely resembled those of oxytocin binding. Maximum expression and binding both occurred at oestrus, suggesting that regulation of the oxytocin receptor gene in the uterus occurs principally at the transcriptional, rather than at the translational, level. Failure to detect a significant increase in myometrial mRNA expression at oestrus may indicate that the endometrial and myometrial oxytocin receptors are of different isoforms.
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PMID:Localization of oxytocin receptor mRNA in the ovine uterus during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. 818 18

Rapid effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AODNs) on the function of the neurohypophysial system have been reported previously. The present studies were designed to determine the effects of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) AODNs on osmotically or potassium-stimulated VP and OT release from perifused hypothalamoneurohypophysial (HNS) explants. The AODNs were 18-mer phosphorothioate forms targeted toward the translation initiation sites of either VP or OT mRNA, or a mixed base sequence (4 microM). The explants were exposed to a ramp increase in NaCl (either 20 or 30 mosmol/6 h) or to 25 mM KCl. VP and OT release was measured by radioimmunoassay in sequential 20-min fractions of the perifusate. There was a peptide-specific inhibition by the AODNs of osmotically stimulated VP and OT release. VP AODN inhibited VP, but not OT release, and vice vorsa. However, the AODNs had no effect on potassium-stimulated peptide release, demonstrating that depolarization-secretion coupling was still intact. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in VP and OT mRNA and peptide content after antisense treatment. Thus these observations indicate that acute exposure to peptide AODNs interrupts osmotically stimulated VP and OT release in a peptide-specific manner.
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PMID:Effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on peptide release from hypothalamoneurohypophysial explants. 917 35