Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Through the relative responsiveness (rho) determined for histamine (Hist), oxytocin (Oxy) and acetylcholine (Ach) in prepuberal untreated, estrogen, and estrogen plus progesterone dominated uteri of mouse, it was possible to measure the capability of each receptor system, which mediates responses induced by these agonists. 2. In all cases values of rho for Hist were lower than those for Ach and Oxy independently of hormone treatment and calcium concentrations used (0.2 or 2.0 mM), suggesting that the ability of histamine receptor system to promote contraction of mouse uterus is less effective than those mediating responses induced by other agonists studied here. 3. A comparison between the present data with those previously reported for dog uterus showed marked differences in the abilities of the histamine receptor system to mediate histaminergic stimulus in myometrium of two different animal species. 4. The author suggests that genetic characteristics controlling the development of a given receptor system can play a role regulating physio-pharmacological actions of drugs in the myometrium.
Gen Pharmacol 1988
PMID:Influence of steroid ovarian hormones and calcium on drug-induced contractions of the isolated immature uterine muscle of mouse. An analysis of histamine receptor system. 341 11

By use of the indirect immunofluorescence method in conjunction with an elution-restaining technique, cells in the caudal neurosecretory system of the big skate (Raja binoculata) and the plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus) were shown to contain both urotensin I (UI)/corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urotensin II (UII) immunoreactivities. In the skate coexistence was complete, while in the midshipman some cells demonstrated immunoreactivity for only one or the other neuropeptide. The present results do not support previous suggestions that, like vasopressin and oxytocin in the hypothalamic magnocellular system, UI and UII exist in separate cellular populations in the caudal neurosecretory system. Results of these and other experiments indicate that there exists a wide range of species variation in the degree of coexistence of UI/CRF and UII immunoreactivities within caudal neurosecretory cells.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Aug
PMID:Coexistence of urotensin I/corticotropin-releasing factor and urotensin II immunoreactivities in cells of the caudal neurosecretory system of a teleost and an elasmobranch fish. 353 60

Immunoperoxidase staining was applied to the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary of the camel. Vasopressin and oxytocin cells and fibers were identified in different nuclei of the hypothalamus. Immunoreactive fiber tracts were followed to the median eminence and the posterior pituitary. In the median eminence, two different pathways were found for vasopressin, one passing to the posterior lobe and the other contacting capillaries of the portal system. The oxytocin antiserum stained one unique pathway in the internal zone on its way to the posterior pituitary. The two immunoreactivities were shown in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, vasopressin staining being the more intense. Relations between these data and the physiology of the camel are discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1987 May
PMID:Immunocytochemical evidence for vasopressin and oxytocin pathways in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis of the camel (Camelus dromedarius). 355 15

Vasopressin- and oxytocin-immunoreactive cells have been demonstrated in the brain of the leech Theromyzon tessulatum. A mapping of their localization in the different compartments of the brain has been undertaken. The cells immunohistochemically identified have been compared to previously described cell types defined by classical staining methods for neurosecretory material. Preliminary results obtained with high performance liquid chromatography confirm the presence in brain homogenates of substances with chromatographic properties similar to that of vertebrate nonapeptides. The possible role of these vasopressin- and oxytocin-like substances in osmoregulation is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Oct
PMID:[Evidence of apparent vasopressin and oxytocin peptides in the brain of the leech Rhynchobdelle Theromyzon tessulatum (O.F.M.)]. 355 74

Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and oxytocin (OXY), in the dose range of 2 X 10(-13)-2 X 10(-8) mol, were found to be potent vasoconstrictors of the arterioarterial pathway of isolated perfused eel gills. AVT was significantly (P less than 0.05) more potent than OXY, as indicated by the results of both dose- and concentration-response curves. Isotocin (IT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were unable to elicit a vascular response at doses of up to 2 X 10(-8) mol. The arteriovenous component of branchial flow was not affected by these four peptides. Results from constant-pressure head and constant-flow preparations yielded similar results.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Oct
PMID:The effects of neurohypophysial hormones on the vascular resistance of the isolated perfused gill of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla L. 355 80

Sodium azide (NaN3) and dinitrophenol (DNP) at low concentrations caused "Ca reversal", i.e. inhibition of oxytocin-induced tonic contraction of estrogen-dominated rat uterine smooth muscle in Ca-free solution. This inhibition was not due to depletion of ATP by NaN3 or DNP. Higher concentrations of NaN3 and DNP caused additional contraction. NaN3 and DNP dose-dependently released Ca ion from mitochondria isolated from the estrogen-dominated rat uterine smooth muscle in vitro. Electron microscopic studies have shown that in estrogen-dominated rat uterine smooth muscle cells, cytoplasmic membranes proliferate, resulting in compartmentalization of the myofilament-sarcoplasmic system and its separation from the receptor-effector system in the surface folds of the plasma membranes, which also contain some mitochondria. It is proposed that low concentrations of NaN3 and DNP release a small amount of Ca ion from these outer mitochondria and this Ca ion acts on the intracellular "site of Ca reversal" to induce reversal, i.e. inhibition. Higher concentrations of NaN3 and DNP are proposed to release a large amount of Ca ion from the central mitochondria near myofilaments and so induce contraction. The "site of Ca reversal" was shown to be intracellular as our previous postulation.
Gen Pharmacol 1986
PMID:Intracellular site of "Ca reversal": inhibition of uterine smooth muscle contraction in Ca-free medium by a minute amount of Ca ion released from mitochondria by drugs. 369 40

The contractile responses of the isolated dog uterus to acetylcholine (Ach), oxytocin (Ot), histamine (Hist) and barium chloride (Ba2+) were non-competitively blocked by compound D600. This compound was significantly more potent against Ba2+-induced contractions. Increasing the calcium (Ca2+) concentration from 0.2 to 2.5 mM reverted the inhibitory effects of D600 against Ach, Ot, Hist and 1 mM Ba2+. The blockade produced by D600 against 30 mM Ba2+ was not reversed by increasing the Ca2+ concentration. In high K+-depolarizing solution, D600 produced a parallel and concentration-dependent displacement to the right to the concentration-response curves of both Ca2+ and Ba2+. The Schild plot yielded similar pA2 values for D600 against Ca2+ and Ba2+.
Gen Pharmacol 1986
PMID:Effects of compound D600 (methoxyverapamil) on drug-induced contractions of isolated dog uterine muscle. 369 46

This report presents characteristics of an antiserum raised in a rabbit immunized with synthetic mesotocin (MT) conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin. Cross-reactivity studies indicate that the antiserum (Kl-II) recognizes the carboxyl-terminal "tail" of MT and isotocin (IT). A homologous, disequilibrium radioimmunoassay (RIA) for MT has been developed that can detect less than 1 pg of peptide. Plasma was extracted with octadecasilyl-silica. Recovery of MT from plasma was correlated with the amount added and averaged 70%. Different volumes of plasma and posterior pituitary extract, when measured in the assay system, yielded inhibition curves that were parallel with standard MT. Immunoreactive MT and AVT of plasma and neural lobe coeluted with synthetic standards after gel filtration. The ED50 of a heterologous, sequential saturation RIA for IT was 17.4 pg, suggesting that the MT antiserum may be useful for measuring the oxytocin-like principle in bony fishes. Immunoreactive MT in plasma of cockerels increased and decreased with iv infusion of hypo- and hyperosmotic saline, respectively. The changes in plasma MT were inversely related to osmolality. Hyperosmotic saline infusion resulted in correlated increases in plasma AVT and osmolality. The data suggest that MT may be released by dilution and/or expansion of extracellular fluid in chickens.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1986 Jul
PMID:An antiserum that recognizes mesotocin and isotocin: development of a homologous radioimmunoassay for plasma mesotocin in chickens (Gallus domesticus). 377 Apr 49

Employing unlabeled antibody enzyme technique, the development of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the common Indian toad, Bufo melanostictus, has been studied by using antiserum raised in rabbit against bovine neurophysin. Immunoreactivity to the antiserum is first observed at stage 22 (Gosner, 1960) in the presumptive preoptic nucleus and at stage 23 in the presumptive median eminence and pars nervosa. As development proceeds, progressive increase in the immunoreactivity in all the components of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system is observed. The detection of neurohypophysial hormones (stages 22-23) much before the appearance of limb buds (stages 25-26) may be due to the greater sensitivity of the immunohistochemical technique.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1987 Feb
PMID:Ontogeny of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in the toad, Bufo melanostictus: an immunohistochemical study. 381 41

Various agonists induced sustained contractions of estrogen-dominated rat uterine smooth muscle in Ca-free salt solution containing 0.2 mM EGTA after incubation of the muscle with 3 mM EGTA for 1 hr. The magnitudes of contraction varied with agonists. (bradykinin greater than oxytocin greater than or equal to vasopressin greater than PGF2 alpha greater than angiotensin II greater than acetylcholine greater than or equal to PGE2 greater than or equal to 5-hydroxytryptamine. Addition of 10(-4) Ca ion reduced the tension developed: Ca ion inhibited these contractions when they were sufficiently large (marked inhibition on bradykinin-, oxytocin-, and vasopressin-induced contractions; definite one on PGF2 alpha-induced contraction), as observed previously with oxytocin-induced contraction under the same conditions and named "Ca Reversal".
Gen Pharmacol 1985
PMID:Calcium reversal: inhibition by Ca ion of sustained contraction in Ca-free medium induced by various agonists in rat uterine smooth muscle. 392 49


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