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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (
oxytocin
)
15,767
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
In contrast to most mammals, human parturition is not preceded by a rise in the estradiol : progesterone ratio in peripheral plasma. Thus tissue concentrations of progesterone, estradiol-17 beta, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were measured in placentas obtained after spontaneous vaginal delivery (
SVD
, N = 11), after
oxytocin
-induced labor (OXIL, N = 5), and at elective cesarean section (ECS, N = 8). Both progesterone and estradiol were higher in placentas obtained from
SVD
compared with those from ECS (progesterone: 2.95 +/- 0.26 versus 1.96 +/- 0.29 ng/mg tissue, P < .025; estradiol: 33.6 +/- 5.2 versus 26.4 +/- 3.8 pg/mg). Placentas from OXIL had intermediate progesterone (2.50 +/- 0.47 ng/mg) but the highest estradiol concentration (41.4 +/- 3.2 pg/mg). Cyclic AMP was 29.8 +/- 1.5, 39.6 +/- 8.0, and 35.9 +/- 3.9 pmoles/100 mg tissue in
SVD
, OXIL, and ECS placentas, respectively. Thus no rise in the placental estradiol : progesterone ratio was found in association with spontaneous labor.
...
PMID:Placental concentrations of progesterone, estradiol-17 beta, and cyclic AMP at delivery. 625 56
Oxytocin
(
OXT
) is a neuropeptide that activates the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), a rhodopsin family G-protein coupled receptor. Our localization of OXTR to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), in close proximity to
OXT
in the adjacent photoreceptor neurons, leads us to propose that
OXT
plays an important role in RPE-retinal communication. An increase of RPE [Ca
2+
]
i
in response to
OXT
stimulation implies that the RPE may utilize oxytocinergic signaling as a mechanism by which it accomplishes some of its many roles. In this study, we used an established human RPE cell line, a HEK293 heterologous OXTR expression system, and pharmacological inhibitors of Ca
2+
signaling to demonstrate that OXTR utilizes capacitative Ca
2+
entry (CCE) mechanisms to sustain an increase in cytoplasmic Ca
2+
. These findings demonstrate how multiple functional outcomes of
OXT
-OXTR signaling could be integrated via a single pathway. In addition, the activated OXTR was able to inhibit the
Kir7.1
channel, an important mediator of sub retinal waste transport and K
+
homeostasis.
...
PMID:Oxytocin (OXT)-stimulated inhibition of Kir7.1 activity is through PIP
2
-dependent Ca
2+
response of the oxytocin receptor in the retinal pigment epithelium in vitro. 2860 13
We address advances in the understanding of myometrial physiology, focusing on excitation and the effects of gestation on ion channels and their relevance to labor. This review moves through pioneering studies to exciting new findings. We begin with the myometrium and its myocytes and describe how excitation might initiate and spread in this myogenic smooth muscle. We then review each of the ion channels in the myometrium: L- and T-type Ca
2+
channels, K
ATP
(Kir6) channels, voltage-dependent K channels (Kv4, Kv7, and Kv11), twin-pore domain K channels (TASK, TREK), inward rectifier
Kir7.1
, Ca
2+
-activated K
+
channels with large (KCNMA1, Slo1), small (KCNN1-3), and intermediate (KCNN4) conductance, Na-activated K channels (Slo2), voltage-gated (SCN) Na
+
and Na
+
leak channels, nonselective (NALCN) channels, the Na K-ATPase, and hyperpolarization-activated cation channels. We finish by assessing how three key hormones-
oxytocin
, estrogen, and progesterone-modulate and integrate excitability throughout gestation. Expected final online publication date for the
Annual Review of Physiology
, Volume 83 is February 10, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
...
PMID:Uterine Excitability and Ion Channels and Their Changes with Gestation and Hormonal Environment. 3315 76
