Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A mouse bearing a novel transgene encoding the human VPAC2 receptor (hVIPR; Shen et al. (2000) PNAS, 97, 11575-11580) was used to investigate circadian function in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Neurons expressing hVPAC2R, detected by a beta-galactosidase (beta-GAL) tag, have a distinct distribution within the SCN, closely matching that of neurophysin (NP) neurons and extending into the region of peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) cells. In common with NP and PHI cells, neurons expressing hVPAC2R are circadian in nature, as revealed by synchronous rhythmic expression of mPERIOD (mPER) proteins. A population of SCN cells not expressing PHI, NP or hVPAC2R exhibited circadian PER expression antiphasic with the rest of the SCN. Nocturnal light exposure induced mPER1 in the ventral SCN and mPER2 widely across the nucleus. Induction of nuclear mPER2 in hVPAC2R cells confirmed their photic responsiveness. Having established their circadian properties, we tested the utility of SCN neurons expressing the hVIPR transgene as functionally and anatomically explicit markers for SCN tissue grafts. Prenatal SCN tissue from hVIPR transgenic pups survived transplantation into adult CD1 mice, and expressed beta-GAL, PER and PHI. Over a series of studies, hVIPR transgenic SCN grafts restored circadian activity rhythms to 17 of 72 arrhythmic SCN lesioned recipients (23.6%). By using heterozygous hVIPR transgenic grafts on a heterozygous Clock mutant background we confirmed that restored activity rhythms were conferred by the donor tissue. We conclude that the hVIPR transgene is a powerful and flexible tool for examination of circadian function in the mouse SCN.
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PMID:A hVIPR transgene as a novel tool for the analysis of circadian function in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus. 1281 56

A mouse bearing a novel transgene encoding the human VPAC2 receptor (hVIPR; Shen et al. (2000) PNAS, 97, 11575-11580) was used to investigate circadian function in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Neurons expressing hVPAC2R, detected by a beta-galactosidase (beta-GAL) tag, have a distinct distribution within the SCN, closely matching that of neurophysin (NP) neurons and extending into the region of peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) cells. In common with NP and PHI cells, neurons expressing hVPAC2R are circadian in nature, as revealed by synchronous rhythmic expression of mPERIOD (mPER) proteins. A population of SCN cells not expressing PHI, NP or hVPAC2R exhibited circadian PER expression antiphasic with the rest of the SCN. Nocturnal light exposure induced mPER1 in the ventral SCN and mPER2 widely across the nucleus. Induction of nuclear mPER2 in hVPAC2R cells confirmed their photic responsiveness. Having established their circadian properties, we tested the utility of SCN neurons expressing the hVIPR transgene as functionally and anatomically explicit markers for SCN tissue grafts. Prenatal SCN tissue from hVIPR transgenic pups survived transplantation into adult CD1 mice, and expressed beta-GAL, PER and PHI. Over a series of studies, hVIPR transgenic SCN grafts restored circadian activity rhythms to 17 of 72 arrhythmic SCN lesioned recipients (23.6%). By using heterozygous hVIPR transgenic grafts on a heterozygous Clock mutant background we confirmed that restored activity rhythms were conferred by the donor tissue. We conclude that the hVIPR transgene is a powerful and flexible tool for examination of circadian function in the mouse SCN.
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PMID:A hVIPR transgene as a novel tool for the analysis of circadian function in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus. 1260 72

Clock-gene proteins are expressed in mammals in neurons of the hypothalamus suprachiasmatic nucleus and of other CNS structures, in muscles, viscercal organs, and vessels, and form circadian rhythms of many functions. Little is known about the factors of formation of the circadian mechanism at the prenatal period. In rats the E20 stage is characterized by a high level of oxytocin and selective expression of the first protein of the clock-genes PER1. The foal of the present study was to check the suggestion about the positive feedback between PER1 and oxytocin at the prenatal period as well as to elucidate a possible role of PER1 in regulation of interactions between oxytocin and GABA at the period of formation of the cerebral circadian mechanism of clock-genes. With aid of western-blotting, we analyzed the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions from anterior hypothalamus homogenate in pregnant females and embryos of rats (E20). The retinol metabolites through their nuclear receptor RORalpha are known to be bound to promoters of genes of oxytocin and per 1. Next day after administration of retinol to the females, a rise of PER1 content was noted in their cytoplasm, whereas in their embryos the PER1 content was elevated in the nucleus. In the embryo cytoplasm there was a significant rise of production of oxytocin receptors and a decrease of the level of enzymes of GABA synthesis (glutamate decarboxylases 67 and 65). The results indicate the oxytocin- and retinol-dependent increase of the PER1 expression and the subsequent change of ratio of efficiency of oxytocin and GABA at the prenatal stage of formation of the circadian clock-mechanism of the rat embryo anterior hypothalamus.
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PMID:[Effect of retinol on interaction of the protein period1, oxytocin, and GABA at the prenatal period of formation of the circadian clock-mechanism in rats]. 2313 57